This presentation was provided by Priscilla Caplan of The Florida Center for Library Automation and Jeremy York of The University of Michigan Library, during the NISO Webinar "What It Takes To Make It Last: E-Resources Preservation" held on February 10, 2011.

1. • Introduction
– Todd Carpenter, NISO Managing Director
• Standards for Digital Preservation
– Priscilla Caplan, Assistant Director for
Digital Library Services, Florida Center for Library Automation
• Understanding PREMIS
– Priscilla Caplan, Assistant Director for Digital Library Services,
Florida Center for Library Automation
• Hathitrust Digital Library: Cooperation for Preservation
– Jeremy York, Assistant Librarian, University of Michigan Library
What It Takes To Make It Last:
E-Resources Preservation
NISO Webinar • February 10, 2010
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Metadata for Preservation
Standards for Digital Preservation
Priscilla Caplan, Assistant Director for Digital Library Services,
Florida Center for Library Automation
NISO Digital Preservation Webinar • February 10, 2010
What is digital preservation?
The process of ensuring that digital
materials are accessible and usable
over the long term with no loss of
authenticity.
• What does it mean to be usable?
• How long is the long term!
• What’s authenticity?
Preservation in practice
• Conceptual framework
• Distributed network of
preservation repositories
• Strategies to counter
obsolescence
• Infrastructure of shared tools and
services
Conceptual Frameworks
• Reference Model for Open Archival Information
Systems (OAIS)
• PLANETS
– conceptual model for preservation planning
– PLATO preservation planning tool
• Process models
– Producer / Archive Interface
Methodology
– InterPARES process models

2. OAIS
• Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System, ISO
14721:2003
• Framework for understanding and applying concepts needed for long-
term preservation of digital information
• OAIS = an organization of people and systems that has accepted the
responsibility to preserve information for a Designated Community.
• Provides a common vocabulary of concepts to facilitate description
and comparison of archives
• Models what an OAIS must do, not how to do it
– Functional Model
– Information Model
Distributed Network of Preservation
Repositories
• Trustworthy repositories
– Trustworthy Repositories Audit and Certification: Criteria and
Checklist (TRAC)
– DRAMBORA (Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk
Assessment)
• Preservation Metadata: PREMIS
• Repository to Repository exchange
– Packaging formats: METS, DIDL, ORE, MXF
– Exchange formats: Repository Exchange Package (RXP)
TRAC
• Trustworthy Repository Audit and Certification: Criteria
and Checklist (TRAC)
–Organizational Infrastructure (governance, procedures,
finance...)
–Digital Object Management (ingest, preservation
planning, storage...)
–Technologies, Technical Infrastructure, Security
• Documentation, Transparency, Adequacy, Measurability
• CRL certification program
• Repository Audit and Certification (RAC) ! ISO
standardization by CCSDS under TC20/SC13
Strategies to counter media and format
obsolescence
• Sustainable formats
– Best practices for creation:
Framework of Guidance for Building
Good Digital Collections
– Criteria for evaluation: LC
Sustainability of digital formats
website, KB, TNA, others
– Sustainable formats: PDF/A, SIARD,
WARC, others
•Format description
–Format specific technical metadata: Z39.87 (MIX), AES Core
Audio (draft), TextMD, DocMD
–Format characterization: XCEL and XCDL
Shared Preservation Infrastructure
•Certifying authorities: CRL
•Central registries: Pronom,
UDFR
•Archival storage systems
•Technology watch services
•Tools and testbeds
For more information...
• Everything mentioned is referenced in webliography
(www.niso.org/news/events/2010/preservation)
• Upcoming spring issue of Information Standards Quarterly
• The Preservation of Digital Materials (Library Technology
Reports, 2008)

3. Metadata for Preservation
A Gentle Introduction to PREMIS
Priscilla Caplan, Assistant Director for Digital Library Services,
Florida Center for Library Automation
NISO Digital Preservation Webinar • February 10, 2010
PREMIS
• implementable = most elements can be supplied by program
• preservation metadata = “the information a repository uses to
support the digital preservation process”
• core = what most repositories need to know most of the time
•Data Dictionary drafted by an
international working group sponsored
by OCLC & RLG
• Maintained by an Editorial Committee
and Library of Congress.
• Defines an implementable core set of
preservation metadata
Fixity
Viability
Renderability
Preservation Responsibilities
Description
Secure storage
Media management
Availability
Identity
Capture
Selection
Understandability
Authenticity
Format strategies
(migration, emulation..)
Authentication
Documentation
Fixity
Viability
Renderability
Preservation Responsibilities
Description
Secure storage
Media management
Availability
Identity
Capture
Selection
Understandability
Authenticity
Format strategies
(migration, emulation..)
Authentication
Documentation
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fixity
• the quality of not being altered or deleted
• threatened by insecure storage and media degradation
metadata supporting fixity
a message digest (checksum)
• messageDigest
the method used to generate it
• messageDigestAlgorithm

4. viability
• the quality of being readable from media
• threatened by media degradation and media obsolescence
metadata supporting viability
the type of medium used to store the object
• storageMedium
the age of the specific device
the date the object was written to the device
renderability
• the quality of being displayable or otherwise usable
• threatened by format obsolescence
metadata supporting renderability
the file format
• formatDesignation
• formatRegistry
the creating application
• creatingApplicationName
• creationApplicationVersion
• dateCreatedByApplication
technical details specific to the file format (e.g., colorspace for an
image, number of tracks for audio)
• out of scope for PREMIS but can be recorded by extension
hardware and software needed to render
• environment
authenticity
• the quality that the object is what it purports to be; that both
the source and the content are verifiable
metadata supporting authenticity
Digital Provenance, including
– the source of the object
– a history of the custody of the object
– a history of any changes to the object
• PREMIS Event information

5. PREMIS Data Model Sample Data Dictionary entry
PREMIS Maintenance Activity How to use PREMIS
If you are developing, selecting or
implementing a preservation repository:
• use data dictionary as a benchmark – does
your system know this information?
• can you import and export metadata in
standard formats?
If you are creating digital content:
• retain information about the creating
application and environment
• where possible use formats that allow
metadata to be embedded
Thank you!
HATHI TRUST
A Shared Digital Repository
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Thank you!
All questions will be posted with presenter answers on the NISO
website following the webinar:
www.niso.org/news/events/2010/preservation
What It Takes To Make It Last:
E-Resources Preservation
NISO Webinar • February 10, 2010
Thanks to our sponsor!