The document provides an overview of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR). It discusses the definition, history, objectives, conceptual model, user tasks, entities, relationships, attributes, benefits, and examples of FRBR. Key points include that FRBR relates user tasks to a conceptual entity-relationship model, defines groups of core entities and their attributes and relationships, and aims to provide a structured framework for relating bibliographic data to user needs.
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a new standard for describing library resources, designed to replace AACR2. Library staff, including public services, systems personnel, and catalogers, may have heard mention of RDA but not know much about it or how it will change their daily work. You may have many questions. What is RDA? We'll give a very little bit of history and theoretical background. What is this going to mean for catalogers, ILS managers, and users in the near term? What are the future implications, or, why are we doing this? What are the juicy bits of controversy in cataloger-land? And finally, Do we HAVE to? We'll talk for a while, have some activities that get you thinking, and find out your thoughts on RDA.
Presented at "Captains & Crew Collaborating," the 8th annual paraprofessional conference at J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University.
FRBR stands for Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records.
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records is a conceptual entity-relationship model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
A conceptual entity relationship model that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogs and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective.
A new conceptual model for bibliographic universe with a strong users focus .
The purpose of this entity relationship analysis was to discover the logical nature of bibliographic data in terms of entity, attributes and relationship.
This PPT contain details of Z39.50 and useful for Library Science students. This protocol used for information retrieval and in the end list of different types of protocols are given.
Introduction to MARC
History (MARC to MARC 21)
Why MARC 21/Need of MARC 21
Characteristics
Design principle for MARC 21
MARC 21 Documentation
MARC 21Record System
MARC 21 Communication formats
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data
Component of bibliographic record
Communication Standard
Mapping of MARC 21
MARC 21 Translation
Maintenance Agency
MARC 21 Regulation
Advantage of MARC 21
Problems with MARC 21
Future of MARC 21
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules AACR2 to acquire an international adaptability.Cataloging & Classification.AACR1 and AACR2.AACR1 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chicago: American Library Association, 1967.
AACR1, Chap. 12 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chapter 12. Chicago: American Library
Association,
1975.
AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 1
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a new standard for describing library resources, designed to replace AACR2. Library staff, including public services, systems personnel, and catalogers, may have heard mention of RDA but not know much about it or how it will change their daily work. You may have many questions. What is RDA? We'll give a very little bit of history and theoretical background. What is this going to mean for catalogers, ILS managers, and users in the near term? What are the future implications, or, why are we doing this? What are the juicy bits of controversy in cataloger-land? And finally, Do we HAVE to? We'll talk for a while, have some activities that get you thinking, and find out your thoughts on RDA.
Presented at "Captains & Crew Collaborating," the 8th annual paraprofessional conference at J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University.
FRBR stands for Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records.
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records is a conceptual entity-relationship model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
A conceptual entity relationship model that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogs and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective.
A new conceptual model for bibliographic universe with a strong users focus .
The purpose of this entity relationship analysis was to discover the logical nature of bibliographic data in terms of entity, attributes and relationship.
This PPT contain details of Z39.50 and useful for Library Science students. This protocol used for information retrieval and in the end list of different types of protocols are given.
Introduction to MARC
History (MARC to MARC 21)
Why MARC 21/Need of MARC 21
Characteristics
Design principle for MARC 21
MARC 21 Documentation
MARC 21Record System
MARC 21 Communication formats
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data
Component of bibliographic record
Communication Standard
Mapping of MARC 21
MARC 21 Translation
Maintenance Agency
MARC 21 Regulation
Advantage of MARC 21
Problems with MARC 21
Future of MARC 21
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules AACR2 to acquire an international adaptability.Cataloging & Classification.AACR1 and AACR2.AACR1 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chicago: American Library Association, 1967.
AACR1, Chap. 12 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chapter 12. Chicago: American Library
Association,
1975.
AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 1
Classified Catalogue Code ,Classified catalogue code (CCC), S.R. Ranganathan, Information system, OPAC, Database management system (DBMS) card catalogue and online catalogue, and emphasises on the need of developing computer-based library information systems and services. It describes database technology, kinds of databases, database management system, computerised library information system, and management information system. It coven in detail the database design and compatibility of cataloguing codes for developing databases of computer-based library information systems.
Presented at the seminar Libraries and the Semantic Web: the role of International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh, 25 Feb 2011
Canons of cataloguing are the specific normative principles applicable to cataloguing that is Drafting a catalogue code including the formulation of each rule. Interpretation of the rules to meet new situation brought out by a particular document or by the change in the practice of book production
Standards to facilitate information exchange has always been a subject of concern.
To provide a flexible exchange format that could be used for converting data from libraries and information services of all types, UNESCO developed the Common Communication Format (CCF). The main aim of this format was to produce a method of organising bibliographic descriptions which could be exchanged between institutions. This format was to act as a link between the databases produced in different internal formats of libraries.
Classified Catalogue Code ,Classified catalogue code (CCC), S.R. Ranganathan, Information system, OPAC, Database management system (DBMS) card catalogue and online catalogue, and emphasises on the need of developing computer-based library information systems and services. It describes database technology, kinds of databases, database management system, computerised library information system, and management information system. It coven in detail the database design and compatibility of cataloguing codes for developing databases of computer-based library information systems.
Presented at the seminar Libraries and the Semantic Web: the role of International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh, 25 Feb 2011
Canons of cataloguing are the specific normative principles applicable to cataloguing that is Drafting a catalogue code including the formulation of each rule. Interpretation of the rules to meet new situation brought out by a particular document or by the change in the practice of book production
Standards to facilitate information exchange has always been a subject of concern.
To provide a flexible exchange format that could be used for converting data from libraries and information services of all types, UNESCO developed the Common Communication Format (CCF). The main aim of this format was to produce a method of organising bibliographic descriptions which could be exchanged between institutions. This format was to act as a link between the databases produced in different internal formats of libraries.
S.R. Ranganathan, the author of CC, was well aware that a scheme of classification should be able to meet the challenge of ever growing universe of knowledge and it should be able to accommodate, at an appropriate place, any new subject without disturbing the arrays already formed.
This session is from the COMO 2013 Preconference presented by Beth Thornton, University of Georgia. The full PPT is provided here on SlideShare; to follow along with the audio, visit this link: https://valdosta.sharestream.net/ssdcms/i.do?u=7cc2f4ba24014d3
This is an overview of the fundamentals of Resource Description and Access (RDA) for catalogers and non-catalogers presented by Linh Uong and Jolanta Radzik at the 23rd Annual COMO 2011 Conference in Athens, GA.
Open Access emerged as a revolutionary movement in Western societies in order to solve the current scholarly communication system crises. Its diffusion in Arab countries took place in a research environment that mostly lacks national research agendas and adequate research budgets. The study aimed at exploring in detail and interpreting how participants are making sense of their lived experience with Open Access. The study adopted a phenomenological approach using Interpretative phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology. The study concluded to the following main results: The concept of Open Access is cultural response against the dominant Western concept. Its diffusion is still limited and beset by many individual and external barriers The impact of Open Access adoption remains debatable, especially since scientific publishing, Open Access included, is not an isolated industry from the dominant global economic, political and technological situation
Open Access emerged as a revolutionary movement in Western societies in order to solve the current scholarly communication system crises. Its diffusion in Arab countries took place in a research environment that mostly lacks national research agendas and adequate research budgets. The study aimed at exploring in detail and interpreting how participants are making sense of their lived experience with Open Access. The study adopted a phenomenological approach using Interpretative phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology to answer the main question: How does the Open Access movement to scientific publishing diffuse in Arab countries from the perspective of scholars/ practitioners? Two research tools were used, the critical and systematic literature review, and the semi-structured interview with ten participants. The study was divided into five chapters and a general introduction: the introduction addressed the problem of the study, its research questions, its objectives and its relevance; and briefly sketched the research design. In chapter, one, fifty-three Arab studies from 2005 to 2015, were reviewed and classified into themes and subjects. The second chapter discusses in detail the theoretical approach. The third chapter elaborates the methodology. The fourth chapter displayed the findings from the analysis of the ten interviews; seven superordinate themes with thirty themes were issued. The concluding fifth chapter discussed the results by referring to the Diffusion of Innovations theory and the adoption of a critical approach based on Western cognitive hegemony. The study concluded to the following main results: The concept of Open Access is cultural response against the dominant Western concept. Its diffusion is still limited and beset by many individual and external barriers, notably the lack of national research policies and agendas. The adoption decision by Arab institutions is an authoritative decision that comes in response to the international pressure to join the knowledge society. The impact of Open Access adoption remains debatable, especially since scientific publishing, Open Access included, is not an isolated industry from the dominant global economic, political and technological situation
Four years of cooperation between Islamic University of Lebanon Central Library and the Arabic Union Catalog, presented by the central library director at AUC 4th meeting at UAE
2. • Definition
• History
• Objectives
• Bibliographic Universe
• FRBR User Tasks
• FRBR Entities
• E-Relationships
• E-Attributes
• FRBR Benefits
• FR Family
• Examples
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 2
3. • The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic
Records “Ferber” is a conceptual entity-
relationship model that relates user tasks of
retrieval and access in online library catalogues
and bibliographic databases
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 3
4. What is a conceptual model?
Abstract representation of the universe of things
being described
• Things in that universe (Entities)
• Identifying characteristics of those
entities (Attributes)
• Linking these entities (Relationships)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 4
5. FRBR is:
• Not Cataloguing Rules
• Not Data Models
• Not an implementation study/guide
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 5
6. • Almost forty years ago the IFLA initiated a
fundamental re-examination of cataloguing
theory and practice on an international level
• 1992-1997 IFLA’s FRBR Working Group
• 1998 IFLA's FRBR, Final Report
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 6
7. • Provide a clearly defined, structured framework
for relating the data that are recorded in
bibliographic records to the needs of the users
• Recommend a basic level of functionality for
records created by national bibliographic
agencies
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 7
8. From: Object oriented model Emphasis on the
object containing a document/content (AACR2)
To: Content oriented model IFLA 1998 focuses at
functional requirements of library catalog records
(catalogs objectives/ User tasks)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 8
9. RDA
• RDA “new AACR2” is a cataloging standard that
is based on the FRBR conceptual model
• RDA introduces a new framework for technical
and content description consists of three data
elements: Content type, media type and
carrier type
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 9
10. Modeling
• FRBR & User Tasks
“FRBR is a user-centered model, explicitly relating its
organization of entities and attributes to the users tasks
identified by the 1998 IFLA modification to the Paris
Principles (find, identify, select, and obtain).”(Antelman,
2004)
• Entity-Relationship framework
– Entities (a class of things)
– Relationships (associations among entities)
– Attributes (characteristics of the entities)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 10
11. • Find
to locate either a single entity or a set of
entities as the result of a search using an
attribute or relationship of the entity
• Identify
to confirm that the entity described
corresponds to the entity sought, or to
distinguish between two or more entities with
similar characteristics
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 11
12. • Select
to choose an entity that meets the user's
requirements with respect to content,
physical format, etc., or to reject an entity as
being inappropriate to the user's needs
• Obtain
to acquire an entity through purchase, loan,
etc., or to access an entity electronically
through an online connection
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 12
13. • Group 1 Entities – Works, Expressions,
Manifestations, and Items (WEMI)
• Group 2 Entities – Persons, Corporate Bodies,
Families (FRAD)
• Group 3 Entities – Concept, Place, Event,
Object, plus all Group 1 & 2 Entities (FRSAD)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 13
14. (WEMI)
WORK
is realized through
EXPRESSION
is embodied in
MANIFESTATION
is exemplified by
ITEM
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 14
15. WORK
• Abstract entity
• No single material object one can point to
• Recognized through individual realizations or
expressions
• Exists only in the commonality of content
between and among the various expressions
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 15
16. Expression
• The intellectual or artistic realization of a work in
the form of:
– Alpha-numeric notation
– Musical notation
– Choreographic notation
– Sound
– Image
– Object
– Movement
– Or any combination of such forms
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 16
17. Manifestation
• Encompasses a wide range of materials
– Manuscripts
– Books
– Periodicals
– Maps
– Posters
– Sound recordings
– CD-ROMs
– Multimedia kits
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 17
18. Item
• Item is a concrete entity
• A single physical object (e.g., a copy of a one-volume
monograph, a single audio cassette, etc.)
or:
• Can comprise more than one physical object (e.g., a
monograph issued as two separately bound volumes, a
recording issued on three separate compact discs, etc.).
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 18
19. Pride and Prejudice
Example (Work)
Original Novel French Translation Audiobook
(Expression) (Expression) (Expression)
Audio Pub. Co.,
Keynes, 1813 Éditions ABC, 2002
2006
(Manifestation) (Manifestation)
(Manifestation)
Owned by Library of Owned by
Owned by IUL
Congress LAU
(Item)
(Item) (Item)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 19
20. • Persons, corporate bodies, and families
responsible for:
– the intellectual or artistic content,
– the physical production and dissemination, or
– the custodianship of the entities
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 20
21. Example Person
Wagner, Richard, 1813-1883
Musical
Work
Die Meistersinger von
Nürnberg (Opera)
Literary Work
Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg
(Libretto)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 21
22. Concept
An abstract notion or an idea as a subject of a work. E.g.:
Economics, Agriculture, Library Science
Object
A material thing as a subject of a work. E.g.: Eiffel Tower,
Challenger
Event
An action or occurrences (historical events, periods of time, etc.)
as a subject of a work. E.g.: Civil War, 21st Century
Place
A location (terrestrial and extraterrestrial; historical and
contemporary; geographic features and geopolitical jurisdictions
as subjects of a work. E.g.: The Moon, Ohio, Howard Beach.
All of Group 1 and Group 2 entities can be subjects of a work
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 22
23. Example
Work Created by
Songs of Innocence and Person
Blake, William, 1757-1827
Experience Creates
Has Subject
Work
Approaches to Teaching
Blake Concept/Topic
Literary education
Created by Creates
Person
Gleckner, Robert F.
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 23
24. • Inherent relationships:
– work “is realized by” by an expression
– expression “is embodied in” a manifestation
– manifestation “is exemplified by” an item
• Content relationships:
– Equivalence
– Derivative
– Descriptive
– Whole/part
– Part-to-part
– Shared characteristics
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 24
25. Equivalent Derivative Descriptive
Free
Review
Translation
Microform Edition Summary Casebook
Reproduction Abstract Dramatization Criticism
Simultaneous Abridged
“Publication” Edition Digest Novelization
Screenplay
Copy Libretto
Illustrated Evaluation
Revision
Edition Change of Genre
Exact
Expurgated Parody Annotated
Reproduction Translation
Imitation Edition
Edition
Same Style or
Variations or
Facsimile Arrangement Thematic Content
Versions Commentary
Slight
Reprint Adaptation
Modification
Same Work –
Original Work-- Cataloging Rules New Work
Same Expression New ExpressionFRBR by Jamila Jaber
Cut-Off Point
26. Attributes of a Work:
• Title of the work
• Form of work
• Date of the work
• Other distinguishing characteristic
• Intended termination
• Intended audience
• Context for the work
• Others …
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 26
27. Attributes of an Expression:
• Form of expression
• Date of the expression
• Language of expression
• Other distinguishing characteristic
• Extensibility of expression
• Revisibility of expression
• Extent of the expression
• Summarization of content
• Others …
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 27
28. Attributes of a Manifestation:
• Title of the manifestation
• Statement of responsibility
• Edition/issue designation
• Place of publication/distribution
• Publisher/distributor
• Date of publication/distribution
• Fabricator/manufacturer
• Series statement
• Form of carrier
• Extent of the carrier
• Physical medium
• Others …
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 28
29. Attributes of an Item:
• Item identifier
• Fingerprint
• Provenance of the item
• Marks/inscriptions
• Exhibition history
• Condition of the item
• Treatment history
• Scheduled treatment
• Access restrictions on the item
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 29
30. Attributes of a person:
– Title of person
– Dates associated with the person (birth/death/period
of activity
– Gender
– Place of birth
– Place of death
– Country
– Place of residence
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 30
31. Attributes of a family:
Type of family
Dates of family
Places associated with family
Field of activity
History of family
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 31
32. Attributes of a corporate body:
– Place associated
– Dates associated
– Language of the corporate body
– Address
– Field of activity
– History
– Other information associated with the corporate body
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 32
33. Attributes of a concept:
– Term for the concept
Attributes of an object:
– Term for the object
Attributes of an event:
– Term for the event
Attributes of a place:
– Term for the place
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 33
34. • Collocation
– Better organization to catalog
– Improve the user experience in locating information
• Simplify cataloging
– Cut costs for the description and access to resources
in our libraries
– Enabling links and re-use of identifying
elements
• Guide systems designs for the future
• Guide rule makers
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 34
35. Collocation
Collocation by Works
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.
+ All’s well that ends well
+ As you like it
+ Hamlet
+ Macbeth
+ Midsummer night’s dream
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 35
36. Collocation
Collocation by Family of Works and Expressions
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.Hamlet.
+ Texts
+ Motion Pictures
+ Sound Recordings
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 36
37. Collocation
Collocation by Expressions
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.Hamlet.
+ Texts – Danish
+ Texts – Dutch
+ Texts – English
+ Motion Pictures – English
+ Sound Recordings - English
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 37
38. Collocation
Collocation of Manifestations
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.Hamlet.
- Motion pictures – English
+ 1964 Director, Bill Collegan
+ 1990 Director, Kevin Kline, Kirk Browning
+ 1990 Director, Franco Zeffirelli
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 38
39. • FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records
Original framework (approved 1997, published 1998)
Defines all entities
Focus on Group 1 entities
• FRAD: Functional Requirements for Authority Data
FRANAR (published June, 2009)
Authority records
Focus on Group 2 entities
• FRSAD: Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data
Focus on Group3 entities
Established April 2005
Final Report released (June, 2010)
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 39
40. WORK
EXPRESSION
100 1_ $aWinton, Tim,$d1960- MANIFESTATION
ITEM
240 10 $aCloudstreet.$lGerman
245 13 $aDas Haus an der Cloudstreet :$bRoman /
$cTim Winton ; aus dem australischen
Englisch von Barbara Lehnerer
260 __ $aFrankfurt am Main :$bKruger,$c1998.
300 __ $a 493 p. ;$c22 cm.
700 1_ $aLehnerer, Barbara,$etranslator.
900 __ $aLibrary’s copy signed by the author.
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 40
41. Hierarchical Catalog Records
• The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje
+WORK
Ondaatje, Michael, 1943-
The English patient. [original book]
+WORK
The English patient. [film]
+WORK Minghella, Anthony.
The English patient. [film script]
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 41
42. Hierarchical Catalog Records
• The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje
-WORK
Ondaatje, Michael, 1943-
The English patient. [original book]
+EXPRESSION
Text - English
+EXPRESSION
Sound recording – English
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 42
43. Hierarchical Catalog Records
• The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje
-WORK
Ondaatje, Michael, 1943-
The English patient. [original book]
- EXPRESSION
Text – English
+ MANIFESTATION
The English patient / Michael Ondaatje.
London : Chivers Press, 1997.
455 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
ISBN: 0786211512 (hbk.)
ISBN: 075402024X (U.K. pbk.)
+ MANIFESTATION
The English patient / by Michael Ondaatje.
New York : Vintage Books, 1993.
1st Vintage International ed.
305 p. ; 21 cm.
ISBN: 0679745203
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 43
44. Hierarchical Catalog Records
• The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje
-WORK
Ondaatje, Michael, 1943-
The English patient. [original book]
- EXPRESSION
Text – English
- MANIFESTATION
The English patient / Michael Ondaatje.
London : Chivers Press, 1997.
455 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
ISBN: 0786211512 (hbk.)
ISBN: 075402024X (U.K. pbk.)
. ITEM
2806897483
MAIN
Material Type: BOOK
ENGLISH S 249 OND
10
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 44
46. • ABDEL KADER, Amel Hasin (“ .)أمل حسين عبد القادرFRBR .”المتطلبات الوظيفية للتسجيلة الببليوجرافيةIn: Cybrarians Journal [on
line]. June 2005, No. 5 [cited 27 July 2005]. Available from World Wide Web:
<http://www.cybrarians.info/journal/no5/frbr.htm.> ISSN 1687-2215.
• BADEN, Diane. Is FRBR in our future?: NELINET, ILL Spring meeting, June 16, 2003 [on line]. [Southborough, Mass.]:
NELINET, 2003 [cited 12 August 2003]. Available from World Wide Web:
<http://www.nelinet.net/conf/ill/rsac03/baden.ppt>.
• CARLYLE, Allyson. FRBR and the Bibliographic Universe, or, How to Read FRBR as a Model. In: Back to the future,
ALCTS Preconference, ALA Annual Meeting, Orlando, June 25, 2004 [on line]. [S. l.]: ALA, 2004 [cited 25 October
2004]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www.ala.org/ala/alcts/alctsconted/presentations/Carlyle.pdf>.
• CARLYLE, Allyson. Understanding FRBR as a Conceptual Model: FRBR and the Bibliographic Universe. In: Library
Resources & Technical Services. 2006. Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 264-273. Also available on line from:
http://projects.ischool.washington.edu/acarlyle/Papers/Carlyle_FRBR_2006.htm
• "FRBR Overview and Application Module 1 CLW ppt free ebook download from www.loc.gov." Ebook Search & Free
Ebook Downloads - Ebookbrowse.com. N.p., 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://ebookbrowse.com/frbr-overview-
and-application-module-1-clw-ppt-d297969696>
• IFLA Study Group on the functional requirements for bibliographic records. Functional requirements for
bibliographic records: final report [printed text]. – Munich, Germany : K. G. Saur, 1998. Also available online from
World Wide Web: http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf
• Tillet, Barbara. "FRBR: Things You Should Know, But Were Afraid to Ask Webcast (Library of Congress)." Library of
Congress Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554>.ttp://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm
• Tillet, Barbara. "What is FRBR?." Library Of Congress. Library Of Congress, 2003.Web. 14 Nov. 2012.
<www.loc.gov/cds/downloads/FRBR.PDF>
FRBR by Jamila Jaber 46