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Gambier is the dried aqueous extract of leaves and young twigs of Uncaria gambier, a plant from the Rubiaceae family. It is sourced from several Southeast Asian countries. Macroscopically, gambier has a cuboidal shape, reddish-brown color, and an astringent taste. It contains several chemicals including catechin, catechu tannic acid, catechu red, quercetin, and gambier fluorescein. A chemical test identifies gambier fluorescein by producing a green fluorescent color when reacted with sodium hydroxide and petrolium ether. Gambier is used as an astringent and in industries like leather, fabric dyeing due
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Oleosomes contain a triacylglyceride lipid core surrounded by a phospholipid membrane and embedded oleosin protein. This structure gives oleosomes stability but they can become destabilized by factors like temperature fluctuations, oxidation, and contaminants. There are several approaches that can be taken to improve oleosome stability, such as using antioxidants to prevent oxidation, cryo- and lyoprotectants to reduce leakage from the core, cross-linkers and encapsulation to decrease aggregation, and chelating agents to trap trace metals that cause oxidation. Successfully applying these approaches could allow oleosomes to be used as a drug delivery system to encapsulate lipophilic bioactive compounds.
vesular dds
This document discusses vesicular drug delivery systems (VDDS), including their classification, advantages, and formulation methods. It summarizes that VDDS can be classified as lipoidal or non-lipoidal carriers, with liposomal systems like liposomes, ethosomes, transfersomes discussed in detail. The advantages of VDDS include effective drug permeation, prolonged circulation time, reduced toxicity and cost of therapy. However, VDDS also have disadvantages like low drug loading efficiency and stability issues. The document provides an overview of various vesicular carrier preparation techniques for developing novel drug delivery systems.
SUSTAINED RELEASE BEADS
This document discusses using gelatin beads as a sustained release drug delivery system. Gelatin beads can provide sustained release of drugs over time by taking advantage of their large surface area and diffusion properties. The document describes preparing and evaluating propranolol HCl loaded gelatin beads using natural polymers gelatin and fish gelatin crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. The beads were evaluated for loading efficiency, yield, in vitro drug release, and stability over 3 months of accelerated conditions. Overall, the document proposes that gelatin beads can serve as a biocompatible drug delivery system for sustained drug release.
Isf college of pharmacy (moga,142001,pb)
The document discusses phyotosomes, which are molecular complexes of plant extracts and phospholipids that improve absorption and bioavailability. Phyotosomes are prepared by combining standardized plant extracts with phospholipids like phosphatidylcholine in a solvent. This protects the active components from digestive juices and increases permeation of cell membranes. Evaluations of phyotosomes include measuring drug content, particle size, and transition temperature. Several marketed phyotosome formulations are used as nutraceuticals and antioxidants for liver, brain, and skin applications.
ICH GUIDELINES
The document summarizes the key aspects of ICH guidelines. It discusses that ICH is an international initiative involving regulators from the EU, Japan, and US to harmonize technical requirements for pharmaceutical registration. The objectives of ICH include increasing international harmonization, developing pharmaceuticals efficiently, promoting public health, and minimizing animal testing. ICH guidelines cover quality, efficacy, safety, and multidisciplinary topics. The ICH process involves drafting guidelines through working groups and endorsing them through a step system.
DENGUE REVIEW ARTICLE
This document discusses dengue virus, including its pathophysiology, epidemiology, and treatment. It begins with an abstract noting that dengue is a common and often fatal disease spread by Aedes mosquitoes that affects tropical regions. The review aims to present the causes, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of dengue, with a focus on natural treatment options. It notes that vaccination and antiviral treatment remain challenges. The full document then provides more details on the virus structure, disease phases, prevalence and epidemiology in various regions like India, Africa, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Ich guidelines for validation final
This document discusses guidelines for validating analytical methods from the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). It defines method validation as demonstrating that analytical procedures are suitable for their intended use. Key parameters of method validation discussed include specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, precision, detection and quantitation limits, ruggedness and robustness. The guidelines provide criteria for acceptance in each parameter area to ensure analytical methods are suitable to support the quality and potency of pharmaceutical products.
Ionization of mass spectroscopy ppt
This document discusses several ionization techniques used in mass spectrometry including electron impact ionization, chemical ionization, field ionization, MALDI, FAB, ESI, APCI, APPI, and their applications. It also describes the working of common mass analyzers like quadrupole mass analyzer and time-of-flight analyzer. Finally, it mentions some applications of mass spectrometry like protein characterization, isotope tracking, molecular weight determination, studying reaction mechanisms etc.
Dengue seminar prepared by sumel ashique,GNIPST
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection found in tropical and subtropical regions. It is caused by one of four dengue virus serotypes. The virus is transmitted via the bites of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and skin rash. There is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment, so care is supportive via fluid replacement and treatment of symptoms. The disease prevalence has grown significantly worldwide in recent decades. Over 100 countries are now endemic for dengue, with Southeast Asia being the most severely affected region.
Antibiotics,,classification
This document discusses the classification of antibiotics according to their chemical structure, mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, and mode of action. Antibiotics are classified based on their chemical structure into groups including sulphonamides, quinolones, beta lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and others. They are also classified based on their mechanism of action such as inhibition of cell wall synthesis, interference with cell membranes, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, and inhibition of protein synthesis. Antibiotics can be broad spectrum or narrow spectrum based on the range of pathogens they act against. They are also classified as bacteriostatic or bactericidal based on whether they stop bacterial growth or kill bacteria. The document
Porosity
The document discusses various properties of powders including porosity, density, bulkiness, and flow properties. It defines porosity as the ratio of void volume to bulk volume. There are three types of densities: true density, bulk density, and granule density. Bulkiness is defined as the reciprocal of bulk density. Flow properties are important for pharmaceutical dosage forms and can be evaluated using tests like Carr's compressibility index and Hausner ratio. Factors like particle size, shape, surface forces, addition of fines, and flow activators affect powder flowability.
Erythropoiesis
This document defines and describes the process of erythropoiesis, or red blood cell formation. It outlines the stages of development from pleuripotent stem cell to mature red blood cell over 7-9 days. Key stages include proerythroblast, basophilic erythroblast, polychromic erythroblast, and reticulocyte. Erythropoiesis occurs primarily in red bone marrow and is regulated by factors like erythropoietin and oxygen levels to maintain normal red blood cell counts.
Metabolism
This document provides an overview of the process of metabolism. It discusses how metabolism involves two phases - phase I and phase II. Phase I reactions make the drug more polar through processes like oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis. Phase II then involves conjugating the drug or phase I metabolite with biomolecules like glucuronic acid, sulfate, or amino acids to make it more hydrophilic and easily excreted. The liver is the primary site of drug metabolism, which helps terminate the drug's action and eliminate it from the body.
Porosity
The document discusses various properties of powders including porosity, density, bulkiness, and flow properties. It defines porosity as the ratio of void volume to bulk volume. There are three types of densities: true density, bulk density, and granule density. Bulkiness is defined as the reciprocal of bulk density. Flow properties are important for pharmaceutical dosage forms and can be evaluated using tests like Carr's compressibility index and Hausner ratio. Factors like particle size, shape, surface forces, addition of fines, and flow activators affect powder flowability.
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Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
一比一原版(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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综上所述，办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
AI for Legal Research with applications, tools
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
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DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
一比一原版(CalArts毕业证)加利福尼亚艺术学院毕业证如何办理
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-全套服务：毕业证成绩单真实使馆公证真实教育部认证。让您回国发展信心十足！
（详情请加一下 文凭顾问+微信:95270640）欢迎咨询！子小伍玩小伍比山娃小一岁虎头虎脑的很霸气父亲让山娃跟小伍去夏令营听课山娃很高兴夏令营就设在附近一所小学山娃发现那所小学比自己的学校更大更美操场上还铺有塑胶跑道呢里面很多小朋友一班一班的快快乐乐原来城里娃都藏这儿来了怪不得平时见不到他们山娃恍然大悟起来吹拉弹唱琴棋书画山娃都不懂却什么都想学山娃怨自己太笨什么都不会斟酌再三山娃终于选定了学美术当听说每月要交元时父亲犹豫了山娃也说爸算了吧咱学校一学期才转
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Pale catechu..
- 1. GURUNANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
- 2. PALECATECHU By— Sumelashique-18601914080 Supratim das-18601914082 Sumitsaha-18601914081 B.pharm, 2nd year, sec-B
- 3. PALECATECHU Synonyms: Gambier Biological source: Dried aqueous extract of leaves & young twigs of Uncaria gambier. Family: Rubiaceae. Geo.source: India, Bangladesh, Singapore & Indonesia. Macroscopic character: Shape: Cuboidal Colour: Reddish brown
- 4. Macroscopic character: Odour: odourless Taste: Astringent Fracture: Uneven Special features: Brittle in nature, easily soluble in nature.
- 5. Preparation procedure: Leaves & twigs are collected & boiled with water. Extract is filtered & cooled. During cooling semi solid pasty mass formed. Placed in different dies.
- 6. Chemical Composition: I. Catechin (7-33)% II. Catechu tannic acid & catechu red III. Quercetin. IV. Gambier Fluorescein.
- 7. CHEMICAL TEST: ( GAMBIER FLUORESCIN) Alcoholic extract of Gambier Filtered then collect the filtrate To the filtrate add NaOH with shaking Petrolium ether is added & stands for few minutes Green colour fluorescence is observed
- 8. USES: I. Used as Astringent. II. Source of tannic acid III. Used in Leather & Fabric industry IV. Used in dyeing industry
- 9. REFERENCES… PHARMACOIGNOSY C.K KOKATE,A.P PUROHIT,S.B GOKHALE 46th EDITION,NIRALI PRAKASHAN DRUGS CONTAINING TANNIN, Page no(9.15-9.16)