Paint is a solution or suspension of pigment in a binder that is applied as a thin layer to surfaces. It is used to protect, decorate, or add functionality to objects. Paint composition includes pigments for color, a binder that forms the film, solvents to control viscosity, and additives. There are various types of paints based on their application, such as enamel, lacquer, stain, and powder coating paints that are applied by methods like brushing, rolling, and spraying. Paint can fail if not applied or treated properly, and historical use of volatile organic compounds in paint was harmful, leading to the development of more environmentally friendly low- and zero-VOC paints.

1. TO THE WORLD OF
PAINTS
WELCOME
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2. WHAT IS PAINT?
A thin dry film so
formed by this
Solution is then
applied to a surface
which is used as a
decorative or
protective coating.
“A paint is a Solution or suspension of
pigment, binder and mineral solvent.”

3. Paint is used to protect, preserve, decorate, or add
functionality to an object or surface by covering it with
a pigmented coating.
An example of protection is to retard corrosion of metal.
An example of decoration is to add festive trim to a
room's interior.
An example of added functionality is to modify light
reflection or heat radiation of a surface. Also the use of
color to identify hazards or to identify the function of
equipment and pipelines.

4. HISTORY OF PAINT
Colour or Paints has been with us for more than
20,000 years. Evidence survives in early cave
paintings and the ancient Chinese are considered to
have brought its manufacture and use to a state of
perfection tens of thousands of years ago.
One of the earliest recorded Colour discoveries was
made by Plato who discovered that by mixing two
Colours, a third is produced, therefore changing the,
'manufacture', of Colour forever.
5000 years ago Blue Frit was the first synthetic
pigment being produced by the Egyptians.
Before the nineteenth century the word 'paint' was only
applied to oil-bound types; those bound with glue were
called 'distemper'.

5. PAINT COMPOSITION
PAINT
PIGMENT BINDER SOLVENT ADDITIVE
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6. Pigments are granular solids incorporated in the paint to
contribute color. Fillers are granular solids incorporated
to impart toughness, texture, give the paint special
properties, or to reduce the cost of the paint.
A distinction is usually
made between a pigment,
which is insoluble in the
solvent (resulting in a
suspension), and a dye,
which either is itself a liquid
or is soluble in its solvent
(resulting in a solution).
PIGMENT
Pigments can be classified as natural and synthetic types.

7. The binder, or resin, is the actual film forming component
of paint. It is the only component that must be present in
paint.
Binders can be categorized according to drying or curing
mechanism.
BINDER

8. The main purpose of the Solvent is to adjust the
viscosity of the paint. It is volatile and does not become
part of the paint film. It can also control flow and
application properties, and affect the stability of the
paint while in liquid state. Its main function is as the
carrier for the non volatile components.
SOLVENT
MTO or Xylene is the main solvent
for Industrial paints.
Water is the main solvent for
water-based paints.

9. Additives are usually added in small amounts to
provide a significant effect on the product.
Example: To modify surface tension, improve flow
properties, improve the finished appearance, improve
pigment stability, control foaming, etc.
ADDITIVES
Other types of additives
include catalysts,
thickeners,
stabilizers, emulsifiers,
adhesion promoters,
etc.

10. PAINT
AUTOMOTIVE DECORATIVE INDUSTRIAL
TYPES OF PAINT

11. PRIMER
Primer is a preparatory coating put
on materials before painting. Priming
ensures better adhesion of paint to
the surface, increases paint
durability, and provides additional
protection for the material being
painted.
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

12. EMULSION
Water-based paint used for painting
interior or exterior surfaces.
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

13. LACQUER
Lacquer is a clear or colored
coating, that dries by solvent
evaporation, usually a fast-drying
solvent-based paint or varnish
that produces an especially hard,
durable finish.
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

14. An enamel paint is a paint that dries to
an especially hard, usually glossy,
finish. Enamel paints contain either
glass powder or tiny metal flake
fragments instead of the color
pigments found in standard oil-based
paints. Enamel paint is also mixed
with varnish to increase shine as well
as assist its hardening process.
ENAMEL PAINT
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION
QDE - Quick Drying Enamel is an alkyd type paint that
provides great durability while being noted as a fast drying
paint. It is formulated to give a tough, durable, beautiful and
high build film on wood and metal.

15. Wood stain is a type of paint that is very "thin," that is,
low in viscosity, and formulated so that the pigment
penetrates the surface rather than remaining in a film on
top of the surface. Stain is predominantly pigment or dye.
WOOD STAIN
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

16. PU Paint is an acrylic solvent-based coating that forms
a seamless, non-porous, watertight film that repels
water and prevents seepage. It is noted for its excellent
adhesion and long-term durability. Creates a very tight
film, serving as a moisture sealant for concrete and a
stain inhibitor for wood.
PU PAINT
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

17. Epoxy Paint is a high quality, two-component, epoxy-
polyamide system that has exceptional adhesion to
practically any surface including steel tanks, galvanized
iron, pipelines, aluminum, structural steel, etc. Has
excellent corrosion resistance and sealing properties.
EPOXY PAINT
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

18. Oil paint is a type
of slow-drying paint
consisting of small
pigment particles
suspended in a
drying oil.
Oil-based Paint
PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION

19. Powder Coating is a type of dry coating, which is applied as a
free-flowing, dry powder. The main difference between liquid
paint and a powder coating is that the powder coating does
not require any solvent to keep the binder and filler parts in a
liquid suspension form.
The coating is typically
applied electrostatically
and is then cured under
heat to allow it to flow
and form a "skin." It is
usually used to create a
hard finish.
Powder Coating Paints
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20. PAINTS CAN BE APPLIED BY:
• Brush
• Roller
• Spray Gun

21. FAILURE OF PAINT
The main reasons of paint failure after application on
surface are the applicator and improper treatment of
surface.
Application Defects can be attributed to:
Dilution
This usually occurs when the dilution of the paint is not
done as per manufacturers recommendation. There can be
a case of over dilution and under dilution, as well as dilution
with the incorrect diluent.
Contamination
Foreign contaminants added without the manufacturers
consent which results in various film defects.

22. FAILURE OF A PAINT
Peeling/Blistering
Most commonly due to improper surface treatment
before application and inherent moisture/dampness
being present in the substrate.
Cracking
Cracking of paint film is due to the unequal expansion
or contraction of paint coats. It usually happens when
the coats of the paint are not allowed to cure/dry
completely before the next coat is applied.
Erosion
Erosion is very quick chalking. It occurs due to external
agents like air,water etc.

23. DANGERS OF PAINT
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in paint are
considered harmful to the environment and especially for
people who work with them on a regular basis.

24. Environmental regulations, consumer demand, and
advances in technology led to the development of low-
VOC and zero-VOC paints.These new paints are widely
available and meet or exceed the old high-VOC products
in performance and cost-effectiveness while having
significantly less impact on human and environmental
health.
GREEN PAINT
FUTURE OF PAINT

25. The Journey has just begun…