This document provides information on paint as a surface finishing material. It defines paint as a pigment solution used to cover surfaces for protection or appearance. It then discusses the main components of paint including pigments, binders, vehicles/solvents, and additives. It classifies different types of paints such as architectural, commercial, industrial, latex, alkyd, acrylic, epoxy, emulsion, and rust inhibiting paints. It also discusses purposes, properties and uses of sealers, primers, white washing, distempering. Finally, it outlines common paint film problems like mildew, cracking, peeling, bleeding, blistering, chalking, crazing, efflorescence, flaking
STUDY OF SEPARATION OF PIGMENTS IN PAINTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICOLOR PAINTJournal For Research
The multicolor paint is a full waterborne product, has low Voc, is environmental friendly and solvent free and is an ideal substitute for marble, granite þ And the full waterborne granite multicolor painting has good elasticity and can cover small cracks of a wall body. A multicolor Paint can be formed by optionally mixing two or more color spot color lumps and then spraying the mixture at a time. The multicolor Paint can imitate and decorate textures of various real granites and is natural and vivid. The production process is simple, does not need dispersion at a high speed and only needs uniform stirring. The product has the texture of natural marble, good weather resistance and water resistance, does not fade and age, has a strong adhesive force, contamination resistance, convenient construction, high hardness of film and scratch resistance, and is applied to surface coating of indoor and outdoor brick walls, concrete and cement walls and the like. The present paper relates to a coating, in particular to protect the surface for a building facade and apparatus Decorated with imitation granite, marble effect paint, it belongs to the field of chemical technology coatings. Water in liquid hydrocarbon multicolored paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and continuous phase. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of water soluble, film forming, crosslink able, carboxylated polymerþ cross linking agentþ hydroxy (lower alkyl) celluloseþ Cationic quaternized water soluble cellulose etherþ Peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is a hydrocarbon composition containing film forming polymer, wax and thickener. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.
paints, types of paint, classification of paints, uses of paints, composition of paints, manufacturing procedure of paints, advantages and disadvantages of different types of paint
STUDY OF SEPARATION OF PIGMENTS IN PAINTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICOLOR PAINTJournal For Research
The multicolor paint is a full waterborne product, has low Voc, is environmental friendly and solvent free and is an ideal substitute for marble, granite þ And the full waterborne granite multicolor painting has good elasticity and can cover small cracks of a wall body. A multicolor Paint can be formed by optionally mixing two or more color spot color lumps and then spraying the mixture at a time. The multicolor Paint can imitate and decorate textures of various real granites and is natural and vivid. The production process is simple, does not need dispersion at a high speed and only needs uniform stirring. The product has the texture of natural marble, good weather resistance and water resistance, does not fade and age, has a strong adhesive force, contamination resistance, convenient construction, high hardness of film and scratch resistance, and is applied to surface coating of indoor and outdoor brick walls, concrete and cement walls and the like. The present paper relates to a coating, in particular to protect the surface for a building facade and apparatus Decorated with imitation granite, marble effect paint, it belongs to the field of chemical technology coatings. Water in liquid hydrocarbon multicolored paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and continuous phase. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of water soluble, film forming, crosslink able, carboxylated polymerþ cross linking agentþ hydroxy (lower alkyl) celluloseþ Cationic quaternized water soluble cellulose etherþ Peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is a hydrocarbon composition containing film forming polymer, wax and thickener. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.
paints, types of paint, classification of paints, uses of paints, composition of paints, manufacturing procedure of paints, advantages and disadvantages of different types of paint
BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION 5
B.ARCH (REG 2017)
ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS
.
THE FOLLOWING PRESENTATION INCLUDES
.
TERMINOLOGY
HISTORY
COMPOSITION
ARCHITECTURAL PAINTS
WE APPLY PAINT FOR
TYPES OF PAINTS
CLASSIFICATION OF PAINTS
CHARACTERISTICS
TYPES OF FAILURE
CAUSES OF FAILURE
ENAMEL PAINT
DISTEMPER PAINT
PLASTIC EMULSION PAINTS
POLYURETHANE
FIRE RETARDANT PAINTS
LUMINOUS PAINTS
BITUMEN PAINTS
FINISHES IN PAINTS
.
PROPERTIES
USES
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
IMAGES
The art of treating the surface with a suitable covering material to make it weather-resisting and decorative is called surface finishing. Examples: Plasters, paints, varnishes, whitewash, color wash, distemper, etc.
paints, composition of paints, properties of paints and classification of paints : On the basis of application area,On the basis of the paint surface,On the basis of paint solvent,On the basis of finish,On the basis of function.What to Consider When Choosing a Paint Finish. Defects in paints. Building finishes
BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION 5
B.ARCH (REG 2017)
ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS
.
THE FOLLOWING PRESENTATION INCLUDES
.
TERMINOLOGY
HISTORY
COMPOSITION
ARCHITECTURAL PAINTS
WE APPLY PAINT FOR
TYPES OF PAINTS
CLASSIFICATION OF PAINTS
CHARACTERISTICS
TYPES OF FAILURE
CAUSES OF FAILURE
ENAMEL PAINT
DISTEMPER PAINT
PLASTIC EMULSION PAINTS
POLYURETHANE
FIRE RETARDANT PAINTS
LUMINOUS PAINTS
BITUMEN PAINTS
FINISHES IN PAINTS
.
PROPERTIES
USES
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
IMAGES
The art of treating the surface with a suitable covering material to make it weather-resisting and decorative is called surface finishing. Examples: Plasters, paints, varnishes, whitewash, color wash, distemper, etc.
paints, composition of paints, properties of paints and classification of paints : On the basis of application area,On the basis of the paint surface,On the basis of paint solvent,On the basis of finish,On the basis of function.What to Consider When Choosing a Paint Finish. Defects in paints. Building finishes
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacks
SURFACE FINIHES Paint.pdf
1. UMT
School of Architecture and Planning
Department of Architecture
Material & Construction-II
SURFACE FINISHINGS
PAINT
2. PAINT
A solution of a pigment in water, oil, or organic solvent, used to
cover wood or metal articles either for protection or for
appearance.
Paints are used to protect metals, timber, or plastered
surfaces from the corrosive effects of weather, heat, moisture
or gases etc and to improve their appearance,functionality to
an object or surface by covering it with a pigmented coating.
3. PAINT
An economic method of surface protection and
preservation to building materials and
components.
An economic method of surface decoration to
building materials and components.
Paint can also be mixed with glaze to create
various textures and patterns. This process is
referred to as faux finish and is quite popular
with architects and interior designers.
4. PAINT
Most coatings have four basic types of ingredients:
× Pigment
× Binder
× Vehicle or solvent
× Additives
5. PIGMENT
• Pigments are granular solids incorporated into the paint to
contribute colour, toughness or simply to reduce the cost of the
paint. Alternatively, some paints contain dyes instead of or in
combination with pigments. Other paints contain no pigment at
all.
• Pigments can be classified as either natural or synthetic types.
• Natural pigments include various clays, calcium carbonate , mica,
silicas, and talcs.
• Synthetic pigments would include engineered molecules, calcined
clays, , precipitated calcium carbonate, and synthetic silicas.
6. BINDER
× The binder, or resin, is the actual film forming
component of paint.
× The binder imparts adhesion, binds the pigments
together, and strongly influences such properties as
× gloss potential,
× exterior durability,
× flexibility,
× and toughness.
7. VEHICLE OR SOLVENT
The main purpose of the vehicle is to adjust the
viscosity of the paint. It can also control flow and
application properties, and affect the stability of the
paint while in liquid state. It facilitates the paint to be
conveniently spread evenly over the surface by means
of brush.
Water is the main vehicle for water-based paints.
Solvent-based, sometimes called oil-based, paints can
have various combinations of solvents as the vehicle,
including aliphatic, aromatics, alcohols, and ketones.
8. ADDITIVES
× Besides the three main categories of ingredients, paint can
have a wide variety of miscellaneous additives, which are
usually added in very small amounts and yet give a very
significant effect on the product. Some examples include
additives to
× Modify surface tension
× Improve flow properties
× Improve the finished appearance
× Increase wet edge
× Improve pigment stability
9. PAINTS CLASSIFICATION
Architectural Paints
Are air-drying materials applied by brush or spray to
architectural and structural surfaces and forms for
decorative and protective purposes
Commercial Paints
Air-drying or baking-cured materials applied by
brush, spray, to kitchen and laundry appliances,
automobile, machinery, and furniture and used as
highway marking materials.
10.
11. PAINTS CLASSIFICATION
Industrial Paints
subdivided by their intended service: corrosion-
resistant coatings, high temperature coatings,
and coatings for immersion service.
12. Latex Paints Latex paints are named "latex" because they
previously had a rubber base, which is no longer
used. Latex paints are now made with a water soluble
base and are built on vinyl and acrylics. Latex provides an
excellent finish, while being an easier paint to use. Latex
paint cleans up with soap and water, dries quickly, has less
odor, is non-flammable, easy to touch up, they remain more
flexible and allow moisture to evaporate through the film
thus reducing blistering, cracking and peeling.
PAINT TYPES:
13. PAINT TYPES
Alkyd or enamel paints is also known as oil-based
paint. Alkyd finishes are produced in four sheens:
flat, semi‐gloss, low‐luster and high‐gloss. Flat
finishes have a velvety texture and are used to
produce a rich, softly reflective surface. Alkyd flats
can often be applied to painted walls and ceilings,
metal, fully cured plaster, wallboard and woodwork.
It produces an easy to-clean surface, and in the proper
formulation, can be used for interior and exterior
applications.
14. Acrylic paint is fast-drying paint containing
pigment suspended in an acrylic polymer
emulsion.
Acrylic paints can be diluted with water, but
become water-resistant when dry.
Epoxy Paints Epoxy coating uses a chemical
mix of two liquid components, epoxy resin
and hardener, to create a tough, solvent-
resistant finish that can be applied to floors,
countertops and decks.
PAINT TYPES
15. PAINT TYPES
Emulsion Paints
This type of paint is also water based and provides a rich and Matt
finish to interior walls. The differentiating factor of emulsion paints is
its acrylic quality. Its composition imparts excellent durability to the
painted surface and gives the walls a just painted look. It is washable
and most stains can be removed easily by wiping with a cloth dipped in
a mild soap solution.
Properties:
These paints are easy to apply and dry quickly.
The surface of these paints can be cleaned by washing with water
The color of the paint is retained for long period.
These paints are used in wall surface, ceilling, etc.
These paints are commonly used in residential and public buildings.
16. Rust Inhibiting Paints & Primers are esp. formulated
with anti-corrosive pigments to prevent /reduce the
corrosion of metal surfaces.
Fire Retardant Paints are especially formulated with
silicone and polyvinyl chloride or other substance to
reduce the flame spread of a combustible material.
Heat Resistant Paints are specially formulated w/
silicone resins to withstand high temperatures.
PAINT TYPES:
17. SEALERS AND PRIMERS
These are paints used to prepare the surface for
painting. The sealer is used to seal the surface to
minimise porosity while the primer is used to
facilitate both adhesion and ease of application
of the top coat.
18. PAINTING PLASTERED SURFACES
Painting should be avoided on a freshly plastered
surfaces for at-least six months.
White washing and color washing:
The art of applying two or three coats of white
wash on the plastered surface is called white
washing.
It is a wash made from quick lime mixed with
sufficient quantity of water without any pigment
is known as white wash.
19. PURPOSE OF WHITE WASHING
The plastered surfaces of walls and ceilings
provide dull appearance and do not help in
distribution of light properly inside the rooms of
a building.
They are therefore white washed or color
washed for providing pleasing appearance,
better distribution of light .
20. DISTEMPERING
The art of applying two or three coats of distemper on the plastered
or white washed surface is called distempering.
Distemper is a paint consisting of powdered chalk , some coloring
pigment , glue and water mixed is known as distemper.
Distempers are cheaper than paints and varnishes.
Properties:
They are classified as water paints and are easy to apply.
They are generally light in color and provide a good reflective coating.
They are not suitable for damp location.
They can be applied on plastered surface, brickwork, insulating,
boards etc.
Uses:
They are used on cement concrete, stucco, brick surfaces. They are
good for external exposed situations.
21. COMMON PAINT FILM PROBLEMS/DEFECTS
Mildew is a fungus (mold)
that grows on many exterior
painted surfaces, as well as
on interior bathroom walls
and other humid or poorly
ventilated interior areas. If
not corrected, mildew will
continue eating the
existing paint away, causing
eventual paint failure in the
affected areas.
21
22. CRACKING AND PEELING
-occurs if the paint had
inadequate adhesion and
flexibility, overspreading or
thinning of the paint,
inadequate surface
preparation or applying to
bare wood without primer,
and hardening and fragility
as the paint ages.
22
23. BLEEDING
-Discolouration of paint film due to pigment
seeping to the surface from undercoats or gum
from knots in timber.
23
24. BLISTERING
Lifting of the paint film
from the underlying
surface, which appears
as paint bubbles or paint
blisters in the mixture,
usually caused by heat,
moisture or a
combination of both.
24
25. CHALKING
The term 'chalking'
refers to the formation
of a white, chalky
powder on the surface
of the paint film. This
condition often occurs
as the paint weathers
and the binder is slowly
degraded by sunshine
and moisture, releasing
the binder's hold on the
pigment.
25
26. CRAZING
irregular cracking of
surface film due to age
application of the paint
over an oily or wet
undercoat.
26
27. EFFLORESCENCE
formation of a series of
open blisters in a paint
film due to soluble salts
rising to the surface
from brick, plaster and
cement objects.
27
28. FLAKING
Flaking refers to
a paint failure, where
the paint lifts up and
peels away from the
substrate due to the
loss of adhesion.
When paint is applied
over a moist, greasy,
chalky or any other
improper
surface, flaking is the
most likely result.
28
29. SAGGING
Paint sagging is defined as
downward movement of
the paint film between the
time of application and
drying resulting in an
uneven coating. ... Paint
sagging occurs if pigment
gets separated from
the paint and gets settled
down at the bottom of the
container.
29