This document provides an overview of paint, including its definition, composition, properties, techniques, types, and manufacturing process. Paint consists of pigments suspended in a liquid called a vehicle. Key properties include ease of application, opacity, durability, and flexibility. Common painting techniques include using brushes, rollers, and spray equipment. Main types are oil-based, water-based, enamel, and anti-corrosive paints. The manufacturing process involves mixing pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. Varnishes are clear or translucent coatings used to protect or enhance surfaces and are either natural resin or synthetic resin based.

1. Paint…
Case study

2. Index
• Definitation.
• Composition.
• Properties.
• Application.
• Technique.
• Types.
• Varnish.
• Manufacturing process.

3. What is paint???
• The fluid prepared by dissolving a base
in a vehicle along with colouring
pigments is known as paint.

4. Paint
Binder
Solvent
Pigments Additives
Composition

5. PROPERTIES
1. Ease of
application.
2. High opacity.
3. Quick drying.
4. Corrosion
resistance.
5. Water.
6. Heat.
7. Durable.
8. Flexibility.
9. Easily cleaned.
10.Colour stability.

6. Application
• Paint can b applied as a solid, a gaseous
suspension or a liquid.
• Techniques vary depending on the
practical or artistic results desired.
• As a solid the paint is applied as a very
fine powder then baked at high
temperature. This meets the powder and
causes it to stick the surface.
• As a gaseous suspension the paint is
suspended in solid or liquid from in a gas
that is sprayed.

7. Oil paint
• A basic rule of oil paint application is ‘fat over
lean’, meaning that each additional layer of
paint should contain more oil than the layer
below proper drying.
• If each additional layer contain less oil, the
final painting will crack and peel.
• This rule does not ensure performance; it is
the quality and type of oil that leads to a strong
paint film.

8. Acrylic paints
• They are good for watercolor
technique, airbrush application, or
when smooth coverage is desired.
• Fluid acrylics can be mixed with any
medium to thicken them for impasto
work, or to thin them for glazing
applications.

9. Plastic emulsion
• This is water based wall paint.
• It is based on acrylic and provide a
smooth matt finish to the wall.
• These paints have gained popularity
because of their ease of application,
quick drying properties, non –
objectionable odor and good
washability.

10. Technique
• Brush.
• Roller.
• Air spray.
• Airless spray.

11. Types depending on their base used
Oil base
• A paint in which oil is
used as the vehicle.
• Complicated to work with.
• We need turpentine or
thinner to clean brushes
and spill.
• Strong smell and stay
alive longer.
• More durable.
Water base
• A paint in which water is
used as the vehicle.
• Easiest to work with.
• Easy to clean your
brushes and other
equipments with soap
and water.
• Not strong smell and stay
for only one day.
• Not durable.

12. Depending on the type of paint
and intended use, additive may
use…
• Despersants.
• Silicons.
• Thixotropic agents.
• Driers.
• Anti – setting agents.
• Bactericides.
• Fungicides and algaecide

13. Types based on painting
Plastic paint.
• Contains a variety of plastic in
suspension and is available in the
market.
• Available in attractive and pleasing
shades.
• Mostly used in show rooms, display
rooms, and auditorium etc.

14. Silicate paint.
• Prepared by mixing calcium and finely
ground silica with resinous material.
• Can be directly applied on bricks,
concrete or plastered surface, but only
for wetting them.

15. Emulsion paint.
• Easily applied.
• Retains colour for long time.
• This paint can be cleaned by washing
with water.
• Dries very quickly in about one to two
hours.

16. Cement paint.
• Available in powder form.
• White or coloured cement are base and
water acts as vehicle.
• No oil or varnish is added.
• Durable and water proof.
• Used for surfaces which are damp at the
time of painting.

17. Enamel paint.
• Prepared by adding base like white
lead or zinc white to a vehicle
which is varnish.
• Colouring pigments are added to
obtain desired colour.
• Dries slowly.
• Forms hard, durable, smooth,
glossy solid thin film.

18. Anti – corrosive paint.
• Paints are used mainly to protect the
surface of mrtallic structural steel work,
against the negative effect of acids,
corrosive chemicals fumes, etc.
• This paints essentialy consist of the
linseed oil as vehiclr and red lead, zinc
oxide, as their bases.

19. Other types are …
• Asbestos paint.
• Casein paint.
• Cellulose paint.
• Bituminous paint.
• Bronze paint.

21. French polishing
• It is a wood finishing technique that results in
a very high gloss surface, with a deep colour
and chatoyancy.
• It consists of applying many thin coats of
shellac dissolved in denatured alcohol using a
rubbing pad lubricant with one of a variety of
oil
• The rubbing pad is made of absorbent cotton
or wool cloth wadding inside od a piece of
fabric and is commonly referred to a fad also
called a rubber

22. Natural resin varnish
• Natural resin obtained from living trees or from
fossils
• Vehicle in varnish is the same as used in oil –
based paint.
• Resins dissolved in oil- mixture heated to
temperature(500-600F) depending on the
amount of gloss required.
• Oil and natural resin varnish- OLEO RESINOUS
varnish.
• Thinner and dryers used in varnish are th
same used in oil based paints.

23. Synthetic resin varnish
• Produced by plastic industry.
• Chemicals used include nitrocellulose,
amino resins, silicon etc.
• Vehicle most often the same as for oleo
resinous varnish.
• Coal tar derivatives may be used as
thinners.
• Dryer is also the same as for other types
of varnishes.

24. Inner wall primer Melamyne wood
finish

25. Paint
remover

26. Putty
Furniture polish

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