This document discusses how historical purchase data is highly predictive of future purchases compared to other types of customer data like demographics. It explains that only around 10 features are needed when using past purchase data to predict future purchases with 90% accuracy, whereas around 1000 features would be needed without past purchase data. The document also describes how Walmart matches first-party customer data to households to target ads and measure their effectiveness by comparing in-store purchase behaviors of customers exposed to ads versus a control group not exposed.