The document discusses the nomenclature of complex compounds, outlining the types of complexes, including neutral, anionic, and cationic complexes. It details naming conventions such as writing the cation first, the order of ligands, and the specific naming for different types of ligands (negative, positive, and neutral). Additionally, it explains how to denote the number of ligands in a complex.

1. Written BY : AMIR HASSAN OF BS CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT GPGC MARDAN
EMAIL : AMIRHASSAN741@GMAIL.COM
NOMENCLATURE OF COMPLEX COMPOUND
1) First we can see generaltypes of complexes:
 Neutral Complexes:
[Ni(CO)4]0
 Anionic Complexes:
K+2
2 [Fe+2
(CN)4]-2
 Cationic Complexes:
[Pt+4
(NH3)4.NO2.Cl]+2
2) NOMENCLATURE RULES:
 The name of cation is written first, and then followed by anions in ionic complexes. (Like Na+
Cl-
i.e.
Sodium+
-Chloride-)
. E.g.
K+2
2 [Pt+4
(Cl)6]-2
: Potassium-Hexachloro-platinate(IV)
 The name of ligand is written first then followed by the name of metal (oxidation state).
[Pt+4
(NH3)6]+4
:Hexamine-platinum(IV)
 THE NATURE OF LIGANDS :-
 Negative Ligand: - with the negative ligand name “O” (ao), is added to its ends.
e.g. Cl-
as Chloro, Br-
as Bromo, I-
as Iodo, CN-
as Cyano
CH3COO-
Acetato, NO2
-
Nitroso
 Positive Ligand: - with the positive ligand name as “ium” is added to its ends.
e.g. NO+
as Nitosylium, and NH2-NH3
+
as Hydrazinium
 Neutral Ligand:- with the neutral name as such special name are written mean their own
Name is enough. e.ge.
(C2H5-as-Ethyl), (C5H12-as-Phenyl),(NH3-as-Amine), (H2O-as-Aquo)
 THE ODER OF LIGAND: - (NEGATIVE > NEUTRAL > POSITIVE)
the name of ligand are written in Oder form as negative first, then neutral-ligands, and lastly the
name of positive-ligand, in coordination sphere.
e.g. [Co+3
(NH3)4.Cl2]+1
Cl : Dichloro-Tetramine-Co (III)-Chloride
Note: IF more than One Similar charged Species/Ligand are present in coordination sphere. Then
arranged them in alphabetically Oder (i.e. A-C-D-E-F- and so On Up to Z).
e.g. [Co+3
(NH3)4.NO+
.Cl-
]+1
Cl : Chloro-Nitro-Tetramine-Co (III)-Chloride
 THE NUMBER OF LIGANDS: - The number of ligands are written as
Bi= Two, Tri=Three, Tetra=Four, Penta=Five, and so on.