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Webinar: New generation of copper
conductors for overhead lines
2nd October 2014
LA FARGA – gustau.castellana@lafarga.es
The overhead conductors: historical solutions
Copper
conductors
Aluminium steel
reinforced
conductors (ACSR)
All aluminium alloy
conductors (AAAC)
New generation:
high temperature
low sag conductors
(HTLS)
New Generation of copper
alloy conductor
Copper alloy conductor for OHL
- Copper has always been the best material for power transport and distribution.
- Cx3 (Coating Copper Conductor), technology to improve conductor properties.
Coating:
dielectric & hydrophobic
properties
Copper microalloy:
mechanical & electrical
properties
Advanced copper alloys largely exceed Cu ETP used in the past
ETP
Copper micro
alloyed
% of copper 100 >99
Breaking load (MPa) 220 From 450 to 650
Annealing temperature 180 >350
Conductivity (%IACS) 100 From 70 to 99
Top Challenges Facing the Energy Industry
CIGRE Session 45 - Opening Ceremony with guest speaker
Terry Boston, President and CEO of PJM Interconnection
• Electricity demand
• Extreme earth and
space weather
ARE THE NEW GENERATION OF
COPPER CONDUCTORS GIVING
ANSWER TO THESE TWO TOP
CHALLENGES?
Main Advantages of Copper Micro Alloy Conductors:
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Icy conditions Windy conditions
• Advanced copper alloys offer a competitive
conductor for a number of niche applications:
• Severe climate conditions
• Wind
• Ice/Snow
• Corrosion
• Upgrade of existing lines
• Technical feasibility has been assessed by DNV
KEMA
• Economic benefits proven:
• New lines: higher energy efficiency, lower life cycle
cost, short payback time
• Existing lines: in range with HTLS, but lower losses
and simpler to install
Summary
Copper conductors Business Cases
2nd October 2014
LA FARGA – gustau.castellana@lafarga.es
Business Case 1
DNV KEMA analysis
New line
Conductors compared
ACSR – Hawk
LA 280
ACSR Eagle
LA 350
Copper
conductor
CAC 185
Additional considered conductors
(under the same current conditions)
700 A @ 80ºC
Higher investment
Lower losses
700 A @ 80ºC / 1115 A @ 150ºC
Higher investment
Lower losses
630 A @ 80ºC
Simulated route
70 km – 220 kV
Double circuit
Simulated but realistic route
• PLS-CADD
• Based on standard EN 50341-1:2001
• Overhead line route is optimized for each
conductor type, based on the specified
conductor properties.
• Tension vs suspension towers: 1:5
Copper vs ACSR
Payback time: 5 - 7 years - Life Cycle Cost: lower by 10% - 20%
ACSR Hawk LA
280
ACSR Eagle LA
350
Copper CAC 185
Cost of losses 183.5 174.9 138.0
Conductor cost 6.8 8.4 21.7
Stringing conductor 6.8 6.8 6.8
Towers & Foundations 32.3 33.9 29.2
Maintenance NPV 20 years 5.7 5.7 5.7
0
50
100
150
200
250
M€
Breakdown of Life Cycle Costs for new lines (M€)
Cost of losses
Conductor cost
Stringing conductor
Towers & Foundations
Maintenance NPV 20
years
Business Case 2:
Extreme Ice + Wind Conditions
Ice load = 15 kg/m
Ice densilty = 700 kg/m3
Wind speed = 32 m/s (115 km/h)
Ruling span = 120 m
Conductor of 28 mm diameter
(ACSR/AAAC)
THE ICELANDIC POWER TRANSMISSION GRID:
• Volcanic eruption
• Earthquakes
• Avalanches and landslides
• Lightning's
• Salt pollution
• Accumulation of snow
• High intensity winds
• Ice loads
2nd September 2013
Extreme Ice + Wind
Business Case 2: Extreme Ice + Wind
Business Case 2: Extreme Ice + Wind
Selected
conductors
Less
Resistance
Same tower tension
Less UTS
Double ampacity
Less sag
Business Case 3:
Extreme Wind Conditions
Business Case 3: Extreme Wind Conditions
Instead ACSR HAWK compared with:
- ACSS HAWK (not pre-stressed)
- CAC-185 McKinley
High extreme wind: 225 km/h
Business Case 3: Extreme Wind Conditions
Selected
conductors
Less
Resistance
Less tower tension (-10%)
Less UTS
More than double ampacity
Same sag
Top Challenges Facing the Energy Industry
CIGRE Session 45 - Opening Ceremony with guest speaker
Terry Boston, President and CEO of PJM Interconnection
• Electricity demand
• Extreme earth and
space weather
Thank you!
www.lafarga.es
C-17 Road km 73,5 – 08508 Les Masies de Voltrega (Barcelona)
gustau.castellana@lafarga.es
CONTACT
Questions?

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New generation of copper conductors for overhead lines

  • 1. Webinar: New generation of copper conductors for overhead lines 2nd October 2014 LA FARGA – gustau.castellana@lafarga.es
  • 2. The overhead conductors: historical solutions Copper conductors Aluminium steel reinforced conductors (ACSR) All aluminium alloy conductors (AAAC) New generation: high temperature low sag conductors (HTLS) New Generation of copper alloy conductor
  • 3. Copper alloy conductor for OHL - Copper has always been the best material for power transport and distribution. - Cx3 (Coating Copper Conductor), technology to improve conductor properties. Coating: dielectric & hydrophobic properties Copper microalloy: mechanical & electrical properties
  • 4. Advanced copper alloys largely exceed Cu ETP used in the past ETP Copper micro alloyed % of copper 100 >99 Breaking load (MPa) 220 From 450 to 650 Annealing temperature 180 >350 Conductivity (%IACS) 100 From 70 to 99
  • 5. Top Challenges Facing the Energy Industry CIGRE Session 45 - Opening Ceremony with guest speaker Terry Boston, President and CEO of PJM Interconnection • Electricity demand • Extreme earth and space weather
  • 6. ARE THE NEW GENERATION OF COPPER CONDUCTORS GIVING ANSWER TO THESE TWO TOP CHALLENGES?
  • 7. Main Advantages of Copper Micro Alloy Conductors:
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 11.
  • 12. Icy conditions Windy conditions
  • 13.
  • 14. • Advanced copper alloys offer a competitive conductor for a number of niche applications: • Severe climate conditions • Wind • Ice/Snow • Corrosion • Upgrade of existing lines • Technical feasibility has been assessed by DNV KEMA • Economic benefits proven: • New lines: higher energy efficiency, lower life cycle cost, short payback time • Existing lines: in range with HTLS, but lower losses and simpler to install Summary
  • 15. Copper conductors Business Cases 2nd October 2014 LA FARGA – gustau.castellana@lafarga.es
  • 16. Business Case 1 DNV KEMA analysis New line
  • 17. Conductors compared ACSR – Hawk LA 280 ACSR Eagle LA 350 Copper conductor CAC 185 Additional considered conductors (under the same current conditions) 700 A @ 80ºC Higher investment Lower losses 700 A @ 80ºC / 1115 A @ 150ºC Higher investment Lower losses 630 A @ 80ºC
  • 18. Simulated route 70 km – 220 kV Double circuit Simulated but realistic route • PLS-CADD • Based on standard EN 50341-1:2001 • Overhead line route is optimized for each conductor type, based on the specified conductor properties. • Tension vs suspension towers: 1:5
  • 19. Copper vs ACSR Payback time: 5 - 7 years - Life Cycle Cost: lower by 10% - 20% ACSR Hawk LA 280 ACSR Eagle LA 350 Copper CAC 185 Cost of losses 183.5 174.9 138.0 Conductor cost 6.8 8.4 21.7 Stringing conductor 6.8 6.8 6.8 Towers & Foundations 32.3 33.9 29.2 Maintenance NPV 20 years 5.7 5.7 5.7 0 50 100 150 200 250 M€ Breakdown of Life Cycle Costs for new lines (M€) Cost of losses Conductor cost Stringing conductor Towers & Foundations Maintenance NPV 20 years
  • 20. Business Case 2: Extreme Ice + Wind Conditions
  • 21. Ice load = 15 kg/m Ice densilty = 700 kg/m3 Wind speed = 32 m/s (115 km/h) Ruling span = 120 m Conductor of 28 mm diameter (ACSR/AAAC) THE ICELANDIC POWER TRANSMISSION GRID: • Volcanic eruption • Earthquakes • Avalanches and landslides • Lightning's • Salt pollution • Accumulation of snow • High intensity winds • Ice loads 2nd September 2013 Extreme Ice + Wind Business Case 2: Extreme Ice + Wind
  • 22. Business Case 2: Extreme Ice + Wind Selected conductors Less Resistance Same tower tension Less UTS Double ampacity Less sag
  • 23. Business Case 3: Extreme Wind Conditions
  • 24. Business Case 3: Extreme Wind Conditions Instead ACSR HAWK compared with: - ACSS HAWK (not pre-stressed) - CAC-185 McKinley High extreme wind: 225 km/h
  • 25. Business Case 3: Extreme Wind Conditions Selected conductors Less Resistance Less tower tension (-10%) Less UTS More than double ampacity Same sag
  • 26. Top Challenges Facing the Energy Industry CIGRE Session 45 - Opening Ceremony with guest speaker Terry Boston, President and CEO of PJM Interconnection • Electricity demand • Extreme earth and space weather
  • 27.
  • 28. Thank you! www.lafarga.es C-17 Road km 73,5 – 08508 Les Masies de Voltrega (Barcelona) gustau.castellana@lafarga.es CONTACT