Betty Neuman Theory a wider applicable system theory for the nursing speciality

1. Mr.Ramprasad.S
Asst.Professor
Dept.Neurosciences
Nursing

2. The Basic Core Structures
1. Physiological
2. Psychological
3. Socio cultural
4. Spiritual
5. Developmental

4. The Line of Resistance
Series of illness surrounding the
core structure. these are vary in
size and from center and called as
flexible line of defenses.

5. Represent the internal factor of a
person that defend against the
stressor.
stabilize the person and
encourage a return to normal line of
defense

6. Core Structures
Line of
Resistance
Normal line of
defense
Flexible line of
defense

7. Normal line of defense
Represented as a solid line outside
the lines of resistance.
State of equilibrium that a client
has developed over time.

8. A broken line outside the NLD
Protective barrier to prevent the
stressor from breaking through the
NLD.
Flexible line of defense

9. It is a dynamic and can change
over a short period of time.
Affected by variables like less
sleep which affects the use of FLD
against stressor by patient.

10. If FLD fails the stressor can break
through NLD and cause reaction.
Reaction to stressors

11. Its an environmental force tat
alters the system stability
it include any tension producing
stimulus tat has the potential to
affect persons NLD.
Stressors

12. Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Extra personal
Stressors are,

13. Intrapersonal Interpersonal Extra personal
Occur with in the
person
Include feelings such
as anger and fear
Occur between the
person
Include pressure
related role
expectation.
Occur outside the
person
Include job or
financial pressures

14. Its an amount of system
instability tat occurs after the
exposure to a stressor
Degree of Reaction

15. Reaction to stressor is determined
by the natural and learned resistance
,which is manifested by strength of
LOR.

16. Specific interventions are used to
maintain the system stability these
includes Primary, Secondary, and
Tertiary prevention.

17. • Refers to intervention before reaction
occurs
• Seeks to interfere wit the stressors
penetration into the normal line of defense
• Attempts to prevent the stressor from
occurring that lessen its affect on person.
Primary Prevention

18.  Refers to intervention after reaction
occurs
Includes early case detection and
treatment
Seeks to strengthen the LOR o
reduce the degree of reaction
Secondary Prevention

19.  Refers to intervention after achieve
treatment of a reaction
Takes place when some degree of
stabilization occurs
Seeks to maintain an adaptation and
strengthen the LOR
Tertiary Prevention

20. Whole, multi dimensional, dynamic
system.
Composed of basic core structures
and all elements
Can be an individual, family, group or
communities
Person

21.  Both internal and external that
surrounded the person at any given
time.
 Includes interpersonal Intrapersonal
and extra personal that affect the
system stability
Environment

22. State of wellness or system stability
Harmony or balance all parts and
subparts of the client subsystem
Reflected by the level of welness
Health

23.  Profession that deals with all the variables
affecting the person
 Views the person as whole.
 Uses primary secondary and tertiary
interventions .
 Consists of three steps Nursing Diagnosis,
goals and outcome.
Nursing

24. THANK YOU