The layout pattern of the interconnections between devices in a network is called network topology. There are a number of different types of network topologies, including point-to-point, bus, star, ring, mesh, tree and hybrid. Network media is the actual path over which an electrical signal travels as it moves from one component to another.

2. Network
Topology
& Media HASSAAN
ASHRAF
BEEE 2nd
Semester

3. Sequence of Presentation
 Introduction
 Point to Point (P2P)
 Bus Topology
 Star Topology
 Ring Topology
 Mesh Topology
 Tree Topology
 Hybrid Topology
 Guided Media
 Un-Guided Media
 Conclusion

4. Introduction
 The layout pattern of the interconnections
between devices in a network is called
network topology.
 There are a number of different types of
network topologies, including point-to-
point, bus, star, ring, mesh, tree and
hybrid.
 Network media is the actual path over
which an electrical signal travels as it
moves from one component to another.

5. Point-to-Point Topology
 The simplest of all the network topologies.
 The network consists of a direct link
between two computers.

6. Bus Topology
 In this topology nodes are connected to a
single cable, by the help of interface
connectors.
 This central cable is the backbone of the
network and is known as the bus.

7. Star Topology
 In this topology each device is connected to
a central hub with a point-to-point
connection.
 All traffic that traverses the network passes
through the central hub. The hub acts as a
signal repeater.

8. Ring Topology
 In ring topology, the computers in the network
are connected in a circular fashion, and the
data travels in one direction.
 Each computer is directly connected to the
next computer, forming a single pathway for
signals through the network.
 When a device sends data,
it must travel through each
device on the ring until it
reaches its destination with
the help of token

9. Mesh Topology
 In a mesh topology, every device has a
dedicated point-to-point link to every other
device.
 The term dedicated means that the link
carries traffic only between two devices it
connects.

10. Tree Topology
 A tree topology is essentially a combination
of bus topology and star topology.
 The nodes of bus topology are replaced with
standalone star topology networks.

11. Hybrid Topology
 Hybrid networks use a combination of any
two or more topologies, in such a way
that the resulting network does not exhibit
one of the standard topologies (e.g. bus,
star, ring & etc).

12. Guided Media
 Twisted Pair Cable is used for telephone
communications and most modern Ethernet
networks. Two basic types of twisted-pair
cable exist
 Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
 Shielded twisted pair (STP)

13. Guided Media
 Coaxial cable consists of a hollow outer cylindrical
conductor that surrounds a single inner wire made
of two conducting elements.
 Optical fiber is a thin strand of glass that guides
light along its length. First your electrical signal is
transfer in light signal and ten transmitted.

14. Guided Media
Media
Type
Maximum
Segment
Speed Cost Advantages Disadvantages
UTP 100 m 10 Mbps to
1000 Mbps
Least
expensive
Easy to install;
widely available
and widely used
Susceptible to
interference; cover
only a limited
distance
STP 100 m 10 Mbps to
100 Mbps
More
expensive
than UTP
Reduced
crosstalk; more
resistant to EMI
than UTP
Difficult to work
with; can cover
only a limited
distance
Coaxial 500 m (Thicknet)
185 m (Thinnet)
10 Mbps to
100 Mbps
Relatively
inexpensiv
e, but
more
costly than
UTP
Less susceptible
to EMI
interference than
other types of
copper media
Difficult to work
with (Thicknet);
limited bandwidth;
limited applications
Fiber-
Optic
10 km and further
(single-mode)
2 km and farther
(multimode)
100 Mbps to
100 Gbps
(single mode)
100 Mbps to
9.92 Gbps
(multimode)
Expensive security is better;
can be used over
great distances;
has a higher
data rate than
coaxial and
twisted-pair
cable
Difficult to
terminate

15. Un-Guided Media
 Unguided media means wireless media need no
medium to transmit signal.
 Wireless communication uses radio frequencies
(RF) or infrared (IR) waves to transmit data
between devices on a LAN.
 For wireless LANs, a key component is the wireless
hub, or access point, used for signal distribution.
 Wireless frequencies range from 3 kilohertz (kHz) to
300 gigahertz (GHz).
 The data-transmission rates range from 9 kilobits
per second (kbps) to as high as 54 Mbps.

16. Conclusion
 Knowledge of Topologies help you to build best
and reliable network.
 Its help you build safe and secure network in
cheap rates.
 Network medium knowledge helps you in with
environment with medium is best.
 Network medium knowledge enable you to
build require network in right manners.
 It helps you how to handle less or more number
of user at a time.
 It helps you that with technique is best for your
network.