This document discusses nebulization, which is the process of dispersing liquid medication into microparticles that can be inhaled into the lungs. It has several purposes, including administering medication and loosening thick secretions. Common indications for nebulization include respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD, and pneumonia. The document then describes the history of nebulizers, working principles like Bernoulli's principle, common types of nebulizers including jet and ultrasonic models, and the steps for performing nebulization treatment.

1. NEBULIZATION
VIPIN PATIDAR
Tutor/Clinical Instructor
College of Nursing,
AIIMS Deoghar
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2. Definition
• Process of dispersing liquid medication into
microparticles and deliver into the lungs as
patient inhales.
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3. Purposes
• To Administer medication.
• To soften the thick secretions.
• To increase vital capacity.
• To relieve dyspnea.
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4. Indication
• if a person has stridor.
• respiratory congestion.
• pneumonia
• asthma
• COPD
• RTI
• Atelectesis
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5. history
• The first powered or pressurized inhaler was invented in
1858 by sales in france.
• It used pressure to atomize the liquid medication.
• The first steam driven nebulizer was invented in 1864,
Germany (siegle’s steam spray inhaler)
• The first electrical nebulizer was invented in 1930s called
as pneumostat.
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6. Working Principle
• It works on “bernoulli’s Principle”.
• 19th century the search for atomization or nebulizing.
• Daniel bernoulli observed that when water hits a rock it
creates a mist that can be inhaled.
• later he published a book where he describe similar effect
.
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7. Types
1. Inhaler (MDI, DPI)
2. Jet nebulizer
3. Ultrasonic nebulizer
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8. Inhaler (MDI, DPI)
• A liquid propellant.
• A metering valve that dispenses a constant volume of
solution.
• no Propellant in DPI
• the drug is formulated in a filler and contained in a
capsule, that is place in the dvice and puncture to release
the powder.
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9. Ultrasonic nebulizer
• aerosol can be created with high frequency sound wave
(1-2 MHz)
• it causes ultrasonic vibration, which travel through liquid
and produce aerosol.
• higher output than jet nebulizer.
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10. Jet nebulizer
• Gas is forced through narrow orifice.
• negative pressure created
• it allow small particle for inhalation
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12. Preliminary assessment
• Check :
–The doctor’s order for any specific instruction
–General condition & diagnosis of patient
–Self care ability to follow instruction.
–Type, duration & medication of inhalation
–Articles available in unit .
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13. Preparation of patient & environment
• Explain the procedure to the patient.
• monitor the heart rate before and after use of
bronchodilator drug.
• Provide fowler’s position with back rest , cardiac
table.
• Close windows, door & put off the fans to prevent
draught.
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14. • Provide sputum mug with in the reach of patient
• Provide a face towel to remove sweat from face
during inhalation
• Arrange the articles at bed side.
Preparation of patient & environment (Conti...)
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15. Preparation of article
• A tray containing :
– Air compressor
– nebulization mask
– connecting tubes.
– medication/saline.
– Gauze Piece
– Sputum cup with antiseptic solution.
– face towel.
– kidney tray.
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18. Steps of procedure
1. Wash hands
2. add priscribe amount of medication/saline to the nebulize.
3. connect the tubings to the compressor.
4. place the mask on patient face (cover mouth and nose).
5. instruct the patient to inhale deeply and slowly through
mouth, hold breath and exhale. (for several time)
6. observe the expansion of chest.
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19. Steps of procedure
7. Instruct the patient to breath slowly and deeply until all
medication is nebulized.
8. encourage the patient to cough after completion of
procedure.
9. observe for any side effects.
10.Document the findings.
11.Clean all articles & replace properly
12.wash hands.
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20. Points to remember
• If indicated provide nebulization using Oxygen source.
• time should not be exceed 10-15 min.
• used diluents as normal saline, if prescribed.
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21. Side effects
• Dry or irritated throat, sneezing itchy nose
• watery eyes.
• burning or bleeding nose.
• nausea
• unplesant taste in mouth
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22. Thank you…
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