drug induced toxicity
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The document discusses different types of drug induced toxicity. It notes that while drugs are intended to treat diseases, they can also have toxic effects on certain patients due to unwanted pharmacological effects. It describes how drugs can induce harmful immune responses like hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune diseases. Autoimmunity can occur when a drug causes the immune system to attack the body's own cells. The document also mentions that as more people take multiple medications, there are increased risks of drug-drug interactions, which can have pharmacological or dynamic effects. Drug toxicity can range in severity from minor side effects to life-threatening conditions.
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Pharmacovigilance is the science related to detecting, assessing, understanding, and preventing adverse effects from drugs. It plays an important role in rational drug use and safety assessment. Adverse drug reactions are unintended effects that occur at normal drug doses, while adverse drug events may or may not be causally related to treatment. Adverse effects can be categorized as side effects, interactions, toxic effects, idiosyncrasies, allergies, withdrawal reactions, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and drug-induced diseases. Minimizing inappropriate use, using correct doses, considering patient variables and history, checking for interactions, and monitoring can help reduce adverse drug reactions.
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Toxicology
Toxicology
Principles of Toxicology
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Drugs can have both beneficial and harmful effects. While drugs save lives and improve health, they can also threaten life. It is important to consider whether the potential benefits of a medication outweigh the risks for a given individual. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a common clinical problem that can have serious consequences for patients, including death. Anyone taking medication can experience an ADR, but some groups are at higher risk, such as the elderly, those taking multiple drugs, and those with multiple medical conditions. Proper diagnosis and management of ADRs is important to prevent further harm.
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The document discusses adverse drug reactions (ADRs), defined as harm caused by a medication at normal doses during normal use. It describes the types of ADRs, including type A reactions which are augmented and predictable, and type B reactions which are bizarre and unpredictable. The mechanisms of ADRs are also explained, including humoral reactions mediated by antibodies and cell-mediated reactions involving T-lymphocytes. Finally, the document outlines some ways to prevent ADRs, such as avoiding inappropriate drug use, considering a patient's history, and watching for potential drug interactions.
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Hello everyone! Published by Miss. Vedika Narvekar, Assistant Professor
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Adverse Drug reaction ppt
Drugs can have both beneficial and harmful effects. While drugs save lives and improve health, they can also threaten life. Whether the potential benefits of a medication outweigh the risks depends on the individual taking it. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a common clinical problem that can have serious consequences for patients, from mere inconvenience to death. Anyone taking medication can experience an ADR, but some groups are at higher risk, such as the elderly, those taking multiple drugs, and those with multiple medical conditions. ADRs should be considered if new symptoms appear after starting or increasing a drug dose and disappear after stopping the drug. The most common causes of ADRs are antibiotics, anticancer drugs, cardiovascular drugs,
Adverse Drug Reaction
This document provides information about adverse drug reactions. It begins with defining an adverse drug reaction as an unintended effect of a drug occurring at normal doses. Adverse drug reactions are common, with 3% of medical admissions due to them. It then classifies adverse drug reactions and discusses various types like predictable reactions, allergic reactions, and interactions. It describes methods for detecting adverse drug reactions like spontaneous reporting, record linkage studies, cohort studies, and case control studies.
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This document discusses adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It defines ADRs as noxious changes suspected to be caused by a drug. It notes the incidence of ADRs is higher in populations like the elderly, children, and pregnant women. ADRs can develop immediately or after prolonged medication use, and are classified based on their severity from minor to lethal. The document also categorizes ADRs and discusses types like augmented, bizarre, chronic, delayed, and ending drug use. It covers topics such as pharmacovigilance, preventing ADRs, drug interactions, and classifications including side effects, toxicity, intolerance, and idiosyncrasy.
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This document discusses adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It defines ADRs as noxious changes suspected to be caused by a drug. It notes the incidence is higher in populations like the elderly, children, and immunosuppressed individuals. ADRs can develop immediately or after prolonged medication use, and are graded based on their severity. ADRs are broadly classified as Type A (predictable) or Type B (unpredictable). It also discusses concepts like idiosyncrasy, allergy, dependence, withdrawal, teratogenicity, and pharmacovigilance monitoring of ADRs.
Adverse drug reaction
The patient was prescribed ceftriaxone, paracetamol and vitamins for fever. After taking the medications, he developed a rash and macular lesion on his forearm. When the prescribing doctor replaced ceftriaxone with ampicillin, the lesion disappeared. This suggests the patient had an adverse drug reaction to ceftriaxone.
1.c.1 adverse drug reaction
According to Syllabus of Gujarat Technological University
Pharmacy Practice
Topic :
Classifications of Adverse Drug Reaction
1. Excessive Pharmacological effects
2. Secondary Pharmacological effects
3. Idiosyncrasy
4. Allergic reactions
5. Genetic make up of the patients
6. Sudden drug withdrawal
7. Drug interactions
https://youtu.be/OHwPDeD-xyc
Adverse reactions_E.ppt
(1) Adverse drug reactions (ARs) include all undesirable effects of drugs from minor to fatal. ARs can develop promptly or after prolonged use and occur in 10-25% of patients. ARs are classified into types A-F depending on their mechanism and timing of occurrence. (2) The causes of ARs include patient susceptibility, drug properties, and prescriber factors like inappropriate use or interactions. ARs range from minor to lethal in their severity. Minimizing ARs requires proper use, monitoring, and avoiding interactions and allergies.
Adverse Drug Reaction by Firoz Rosid.pptx
Adverse reaction of any drug is a major concerning issue in many countries. A medicine may act as poison without proper dosing as well as management. Sometimes, adverse drug reaction is life threatening. About 10% of diseased people are dying due to adverse reaction of drug. They even don't know why medicine is not being effective them well. So, to get proper medication, knowledge about adverse drug reaction is a must.
Drug induced side effects.pptx
Drugs can cause unwanted side effects through several mechanisms. Side effects may result from the same pharmacological action as the therapeutic effect, a different aspect of the drug's action, or an effect that is therapeutic in one context but a side effect in another. Secondary effects are an indirect consequence of the primary drug action. Toxic effects occur from excessive pharmacological action due to overdose or prolonged use, potentially damaging organs like the CNS, CVS, kidneys, lungs, skin, or blood. Intolerance is an inability to tolerate adverse effects at therapeutic doses due to a low individual threshold to the drug's action.
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This document introduces key concepts in pharmacology. It defines drugs, pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, and therapeutics. An ideal drug is effective, safe, and selective, but in reality no drug is ideal as all can cause harm and have side effects. The objective of drug therapy is to provide maximum benefit with minimum harm by considering factors like administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and individual patient variations.
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- 1. DRUG INDUCED TOXICITY NAVANEETH A MSc Environmental Technology CUSAT
- 2. Physicians prescribe drugs to prevent or treat disease. Those same drugs can be toxic to certain patients, this toxicity is due to the pharmacologic effect that are not necessary for the achievement of desired action of drug It must be recognized that no drug is entirely specific. All drugs have both primary intended effects and secondary unintended effects, the latter known as side effects Adverse effects can range in severity from nuisance to life threatening. Drug toxicology focuses on the harmful effects of drugs in the animal and human body INTRODUCTION
- 15. HARMFUL IMMUNE RESPONSES Drugs are xenobiotics that can be recognized by the immune system as foreign substances If a drug is sufficiently large (e.g., a therapeutic peptide or protein), it may directly activate the immune system. The two principal immune mechanisms by which drugs can produce damage are hypersensitivity responses (allergic responses) and autoimmune reactions. Autoimmunity results when the organism’s immune system attacks its own cells. Several drugs and a number of other chemicals can initiate autoimmune reactions. Methyldopa can cause hemolytic anemia by eliciting an autoimmune reaction against the Rhesus antigens (Rh factors).
- 16. Types of hyper sensitivity
- 18. DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS As the population has aged and increasing numbers of patients have been prescribed multiple medications, the potential for drug-drug interactions has grown. Numerous adverse interactions have been identified, and the mechanisms often involve pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic effects. Drug-herb interactions are also an important subset of drug-drug interactions.
- 28. References https://www.slideshare.net/rview-of-drug-toxicity https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_drug_intoxication https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20978361 Loomis’s Essentials of Toxicology