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Virya
- 1. By Vd. Mrunal Akre Assi.Prof. Dravyaguna
- 2. Etymology वीर् ववक्रान्तो। द्र.मै.सि The term virya is derived from the root “Vir”, in Vikrant (potent or powerful). Definition वीरयते ववक्रान्तः कममिमर्थो भवतत अनेन इतत वीयमम ् । द्र.गु.वव The factor capable of producing drug action or responsible for producing drug action.
- 3. Charecteristics of Virya(Lakshana) वीयं तु क्रक्रयते येन या क्रक्रया | नावीयं कु रुते क्रकञ्चित् िवाम वीयमकृ ता क्रक्रया ||६५||Ch.su.26 Virya controls all types of drug action, hence virya is characterized by drug action. Vagbhatta considered virya as potent quality in dravya and ordinary qualities are not considered as virya
- 4. Nature of Virya(Swaroopa) “येन कु वमञ्न्त तद्वीयमम ्” Virya is the factor that perform pharmacological action. Virya is the active principle of the dravya. Virya can be seen by- Samagra guna saratwa- the most potent 8 qualities are the essence of all gunas Shaktyat Karshata- the quality that provide strength to Rasaadi gunas. Vyavhar Mukhyata- it is more important in utility among all other qualities. Bahulya- it is present in abundant as compared to other.
- 5. Number of Virya Virya GunaVirya Vada Shaktimatra Virya vada (Ch) Paribhashik Virya Vada (Su, Va) Karma Virya Vada Dravya Virya Vada Chintya (Virya) Achintya (Prabhava)
- 6. 1. Shaktiviryavada- नावीयं कु रुते क्रकञ्चित ् िवाम वीयमकृ ता क्रक्रया ||६५||Ch.su.26 It is also called as Bahuvirya Vada as it is belived that drug action is out come of Shakti of dravya Acharya charaka called virya as shakti, he belives that composition of drug will have therapeutic effect by shakti of drug. 2. Paribhashikvirya Vada- गुवामदीनाां वीयमिांज्ञाववसिष्टाम्नायववहितावि लौक्रककीतत िमुद्भाव्यते|As.sa.su.17 According to Sushruta and Vagbhatta, the most potent quality among gurvadi guna will act as virya. This has 2 types- A. Dvividhavirya vada B. Ashtavidhavirya vada
- 7. A. DwividhaviryaVada- तच्ि वीयं द्ववववधमुष्णां िीतां ि, अग्नीषोमीयत्वाज्जगतगतः |Su.Su.4 0 This theory forward on Panchamahabuta property. Whole world composed of panchamahabhuta which has agni-somiya essence, hence virya are also 2 in number i.e Ushna (Agni) and Sheeta (Somiya) B. Ashtavidhavirya Vada- मृदुतीक्ष्णगुरुलघुञ्ननग्धरूक्षोष्णिीतलम ् | वीयममष्टववधां के चित्, के चिद्द्ववववधमाञ्नर्थताः ||६४|| िीतोष्णसमतत Ch.Su.26 According to Acharya Charaka Guru, Laghu, Sheeta, Ushna, Snigdha, Rooksha, Mridu, Tikshna are most powerful qualities hence they are term as virya. In this view Sushruta has stated Pichchila and vishada as virya instead of Guru and Laghu.
- 8. 3. KarmaVirya Vada- Acco to Bhadant Nagarjuna Karma is Charecteristic feature of Virya Dravya cant perform any function without karma even though it has Rasa and Guna.
- 9. Panchabhautikatwa of Virya Acharya sushruta had explained the phanchabhautik properties of virya as follows- Sr No Virya Panchamahabhuta 1 Tikshna and Ushna Agni Mahabhuta 2 Guru and Sheeta Jala Mahabhuta 3 Snigdha Jala Mahabhuta 4 Mridu Jala and Akasha Mahabuta 5 Ruksha Vayu Mahabhuta 6 Laghu Agni, Akasha and Vayu Mahabhuta
- 10. Function of Virya Following are the function of Virya Sr No Virya Effects on Dosha Effect on Strotas 1 Ushna Pitta vardhak, Vata- Kapha hara Dipan, Pachan, Dahajanan, Murchan, Swedan, Vaman, Virechan, Vilayan, Trishnajanan, Avrishya 2 Sheeta Vata-Kapha vardhak, Pitta har Pralhadan, Vishyandan, Sthirikaran, Prasadan, Kledan, Jivaniya, Stambhan, Raktaprasadan, Balya 3 Snigdha Kapha vardhak, Vata har Snehan, Brihana, Tarpan, Vajikaran, Vayasthapan 4 Ruksha Vata vardhak, Kapha- Pitta har Sangrahan, Pidan 5 Guru Kapha vardhak, Vata Har Uplepana, Brihana, Balya 6 Laghu Vata vardhak, Kapha hara Lekhana, Langhana, DhatuKshya 7 Mridu Pitta hara Raktaprasadan, Mamsaprasadan 8 Tikshna Kapha hara Sangrahi, Aachushan, Avdharana, Stravan 9 Vishada Kapha hara Rukshan, Ropan, Kledaachushan 10 Pischila Kapha vardhaka Uplepa, Purana, Bruhana, Vajikar
- 11. Virya uplabdhi वीयं यावदधीवािाञ्न्निाताच्िोिलभ्यते||६६||Ch.Su.26 Acharya Charaka explained that cause of perception of Virya is by Adhivasa and Nipata. Adhivasa means internal contact Nipata means external contact Chakrapani coated that some drugs will act by both Nipata and Adhivasa Ex- Sheeta virya of Saindhava and Ushna Virya of Anup Mamsa may be perceived by Adhivasa, which can be get by Anuman Tikshna Virya of Rajika is perceived by Nipat, which can be get by Pratyaksha smell by ghrana Ushna virya of Marcha by Nipata and Adhivasa
- 12. Virya Nirdharan िीतां वीयेणयद्द्रव्यां मधुरां रििाकयोः | तयोरम्लां यदुष्णां ि यद्द्रव्यां कटुकां तयोः ||४५||Ch.Su.26 A common quot is that Madhur rasa and vipaka will have sheeta virya, and Amla, Katu rasa and vipaka will have ushna virya But this is with samanpratyarabdha or prakriti sam samveta dravya; some drugs will have virya independent of rasa and vipaka. Such drugs act by prabhava/ Achitya virya. Acharya Charaka and Sushruta had given examples of different virya
- 13. Examples in classics SrNo Dravya Rasa Virya Karma Charaka 1 Anup Mamsa Madhura Ushna 2 Amalki Aamla Sheeta Rasayan 3 Saindhava lavan Lavana Anushna Kledana 4 Guduchi Tikta Ushna Rasayan 5 Brihat Panchamula Kashaya, Tikta Ushna Vata har 6 Haritaki Kashaya Ushna Anuloman Sushruta 1 Brihat Panchamula Kashaya, Tikta Ushna Vata har 2 Amalki Aamla Sheeta & Mridu Pitta Hara 3 Saindhava lavan Lavana Sheeta & Mridu Kledana 4 Kulatha Kashaya Snigdha Vata har 5 Palandu Katu Snigdha Vata Har 6 Ikshu Madhura Sheeta Vata kara 7 Pippali Katu Sheeta & Mridu Pitta har 8 Mulak Katu Snigdha Kapha hara
- 14. Virya Pradhanatva KarmaKarana- Karma depends on virya Rasabibhava- Virya will supress tha action of rasa and exhibits its own effect Aptopdesh- Acharya emphasize virya and its effect Virya pradhanatva- it is imortant among all constituents.
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