1) The researchers sequenced and analyzed the genomes of domesticated tomato and its wild relative Solanum pimpinellifolium.
2) They found the two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nucleotide divergence, indicating recent admixture, but more than 8% divergence from potato.
3) Comparative analysis revealed the Solanum lineage experienced two genome triplications, one ancient and shared with other plants and one more recent, providing material for genes controlling fruit traits like color and fleshiness to evolve.
This document summarizes the findings of the 1000 Genomes Project, which sequenced the genomes of 1,092 individuals from 14 populations worldwide. The project discovered 38 million SNPs, 1.4 million indels, and over 14,000 large deletions. It characterized genetic variation across populations and found that rare variants show more geographic differentiation than common variants. The project was able to detect over 98% of SNPs present at a frequency of 1% or more in related populations, providing insight into human genetic diversity and the contribution of variation to disease.
Promoters cassette and expression cassetteravisharma1035
Promoters are regions of DNA that initiate transcription of particular genes. They contain sequences that bind RNA polymerase and transcription factors to recruit the polymerase. In bacteria, sigma factors and activator proteins also help recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter. Eukaryotic promoters are more complex and require multiple factors. Expression cassettes contain genes and regulatory sequences to direct expression in transfected cells. The promoter is the most important component as it controls the initial transcription rate and amount of recombinant protein obtained. Common strong bacterial promoters used in expression vectors include the lac, trp, tac, and λPL promoters. The T7 promoter is also used with T7 RNA polymerase.
The document discusses different expression vectors and systems used for recombinant protein expression. It describes key elements required for an expression vector including an origin of replication, selective marker, promoter, multiple cloning site, and terminator. It provides details on commonly used expression systems in E. coli such as the lac, tac, lambda PL, and T7 promoters. It also summarizes protein expression in yeast using the galactose-inducible GAL promoter system.
Plant epigenetic memory in plant growth behavior and stress response. Sally M...CIAT
Speaker: Sally Mackenzie, Lloyd and Dottie Huck Chair for Functional Genomics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University. Fellow in the American Society of Plant Biologists and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
Event: Robert D. Havener Seminar on “Innovations for Crop Productivity”.
http://ciat.cgiar.org/event/robert-d-havener-seminar-on-innovations-for-crop-productivity/
ShRNA-specific regulation of FMNL2 expression in P19 cellsYousefLayyous
This video encompasses all the steps and data produced for my graduation project in BSc in Biopharmaceutical science. During the course of the project we modified mammalian cells using Short Hairpin RNA to inhibit the correct function of the cytoskelleton. In this way we studied the importance of FMNL2 for the activation and regulation of actin fibers. Among the methods used are Flourescent microscopy, mamallian cell culture, cloning and flow cytometry.
Inferring microbial gene function from evolution of synonymous codon usage bi...Fran Supek
Introduction: Thousands of microbial genomes are available, yet even for the model organisms, a sizable portion of the genes have unknown function. Phyletic profiling is a technique that can predict their function by comparing the presence/absence profiles of their homologs across genomes. In addition, prokaryotic genomes contain an evolutionary signature of gene expression levels in the codon usage biases, where highly expressed genes prefer the codons better adapted to the cellular tRNA pools.
Objectives: We aimed to augment the existing phyletic profiling approaches by incorporating more detailed knowledge of gene evolutionary history, and create a very large database of predicted gene functions direcly usable for microbiologists.
Materials & methods: We used the OMA groups of orthologs and the paralogy relationships inferred through OMA's „witness of non-orthology“ rule. Genes were assigned to Gene Ontology categories and the phyletic profiles compared using the CLUS classifier that performs a hierarchical multilabel classification using decision trees. We quantified significant codon biases using a Random Forest randomization test that compares against the composition of intergenic DNA. Codon biases in COG gene families were contrasted between microbes inhabiting different enviroments, while controlling for phylogenetic inertia.
Results: The genomic co-occurence patterns of both the orthologs and the paralogs (the homologs separated by a speciation and by a duplication event, respectively) were informative and synergistic in a phylogenetic profiling setup, even though paralogy relationships are thought to conserve function less well. The resulting ~400,000 gene function predictions for 998 prokaryotes (at FDR<10%)> method to systematically link codon adaptation within COG gene families to microbial phenotypes and environments (thus functionally characterizing the COGs) and experimentally validated the predictions for novel E. coli genes relevant for surviving oxidative, thermal or osmotic stress.
Conclusion: Our work towards ehnancing phylogenetic profiling, as well as developing complementary genomic context approaches, will contribute to prioritizing experimental investigation of microbial gene function, cutting time and cost needed for discovery.
Molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding roundtable 2010xFOODCROPS
This document provides an overview of molecular markers and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. It begins with a discussion of different types of genetic variation and how molecular markers can be used to detect variation at the DNA level. The document then describes different types of molecular markers, including restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It also discusses what a QTL is and how QTL mapping is performed. The document concludes with how molecular markers and QTL mapping can be used to understand the genetic basis of traits and help improve crops.
The ribosomal RNA gene unit of Tritrichomonas foetus was cloned and analyzed. Southern blot analysis showed the rDNA unit is organized as a tandem head to tail repeat of 6 kb, with 12 copies present. The small subunit rRNA is one of the shortest reported at 1571 bp, while the 5.8S rRNA is 159 bp. Northern blot analysis detected primary and precursor rRNA transcripts of 5.8 kb and 4 kb. Sequence analysis confirmed the secondary structure of the small subunit rRNA is similar to other eukaryotes, while being shorter in variable regions.
This document summarizes the findings of the 1000 Genomes Project, which sequenced the genomes of 1,092 individuals from 14 populations worldwide. The project discovered 38 million SNPs, 1.4 million indels, and over 14,000 large deletions. It characterized genetic variation across populations and found that rare variants show more geographic differentiation than common variants. The project was able to detect over 98% of SNPs present at a frequency of 1% or more in related populations, providing insight into human genetic diversity and the contribution of variation to disease.
Promoters cassette and expression cassetteravisharma1035
Promoters are regions of DNA that initiate transcription of particular genes. They contain sequences that bind RNA polymerase and transcription factors to recruit the polymerase. In bacteria, sigma factors and activator proteins also help recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter. Eukaryotic promoters are more complex and require multiple factors. Expression cassettes contain genes and regulatory sequences to direct expression in transfected cells. The promoter is the most important component as it controls the initial transcription rate and amount of recombinant protein obtained. Common strong bacterial promoters used in expression vectors include the lac, trp, tac, and λPL promoters. The T7 promoter is also used with T7 RNA polymerase.
The document discusses different expression vectors and systems used for recombinant protein expression. It describes key elements required for an expression vector including an origin of replication, selective marker, promoter, multiple cloning site, and terminator. It provides details on commonly used expression systems in E. coli such as the lac, tac, lambda PL, and T7 promoters. It also summarizes protein expression in yeast using the galactose-inducible GAL promoter system.
Plant epigenetic memory in plant growth behavior and stress response. Sally M...CIAT
Speaker: Sally Mackenzie, Lloyd and Dottie Huck Chair for Functional Genomics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University. Fellow in the American Society of Plant Biologists and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
Event: Robert D. Havener Seminar on “Innovations for Crop Productivity”.
http://ciat.cgiar.org/event/robert-d-havener-seminar-on-innovations-for-crop-productivity/
ShRNA-specific regulation of FMNL2 expression in P19 cellsYousefLayyous
This video encompasses all the steps and data produced for my graduation project in BSc in Biopharmaceutical science. During the course of the project we modified mammalian cells using Short Hairpin RNA to inhibit the correct function of the cytoskelleton. In this way we studied the importance of FMNL2 for the activation and regulation of actin fibers. Among the methods used are Flourescent microscopy, mamallian cell culture, cloning and flow cytometry.
Inferring microbial gene function from evolution of synonymous codon usage bi...Fran Supek
Introduction: Thousands of microbial genomes are available, yet even for the model organisms, a sizable portion of the genes have unknown function. Phyletic profiling is a technique that can predict their function by comparing the presence/absence profiles of their homologs across genomes. In addition, prokaryotic genomes contain an evolutionary signature of gene expression levels in the codon usage biases, where highly expressed genes prefer the codons better adapted to the cellular tRNA pools.
Objectives: We aimed to augment the existing phyletic profiling approaches by incorporating more detailed knowledge of gene evolutionary history, and create a very large database of predicted gene functions direcly usable for microbiologists.
Materials & methods: We used the OMA groups of orthologs and the paralogy relationships inferred through OMA's „witness of non-orthology“ rule. Genes were assigned to Gene Ontology categories and the phyletic profiles compared using the CLUS classifier that performs a hierarchical multilabel classification using decision trees. We quantified significant codon biases using a Random Forest randomization test that compares against the composition of intergenic DNA. Codon biases in COG gene families were contrasted between microbes inhabiting different enviroments, while controlling for phylogenetic inertia.
Results: The genomic co-occurence patterns of both the orthologs and the paralogs (the homologs separated by a speciation and by a duplication event, respectively) were informative and synergistic in a phylogenetic profiling setup, even though paralogy relationships are thought to conserve function less well. The resulting ~400,000 gene function predictions for 998 prokaryotes (at FDR<10%)> method to systematically link codon adaptation within COG gene families to microbial phenotypes and environments (thus functionally characterizing the COGs) and experimentally validated the predictions for novel E. coli genes relevant for surviving oxidative, thermal or osmotic stress.
Conclusion: Our work towards ehnancing phylogenetic profiling, as well as developing complementary genomic context approaches, will contribute to prioritizing experimental investigation of microbial gene function, cutting time and cost needed for discovery.
Molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding roundtable 2010xFOODCROPS
This document provides an overview of molecular markers and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. It begins with a discussion of different types of genetic variation and how molecular markers can be used to detect variation at the DNA level. The document then describes different types of molecular markers, including restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It also discusses what a QTL is and how QTL mapping is performed. The document concludes with how molecular markers and QTL mapping can be used to understand the genetic basis of traits and help improve crops.
The ribosomal RNA gene unit of Tritrichomonas foetus was cloned and analyzed. Southern blot analysis showed the rDNA unit is organized as a tandem head to tail repeat of 6 kb, with 12 copies present. The small subunit rRNA is one of the shortest reported at 1571 bp, while the 5.8S rRNA is 159 bp. Northern blot analysis detected primary and precursor rRNA transcripts of 5.8 kb and 4 kb. Sequence analysis confirmed the secondary structure of the small subunit rRNA is similar to other eukaryotes, while being shorter in variable regions.
1. Yeast plasmids like the 2 micron circle have been extensively studied and developed into yeast cloning vectors.
2. Shuttle vectors like YEp vectors contain selectable marker genes like LEU2 and bacterial plasmid origins of replication like pBR322, allowing them to replicate in both E. coli and yeast.
3. The 2 micron circle is a 6kb endogenous yeast plasmid that replicates autonomously through an ARS sequence and is maintained at 50-100 copies per cell.
This summary analyzes the mRNA expression levels of the Gmhsp17.6-L gene in soybean genotypes that are resistant or susceptible to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Previous research identified a microsatellite marker, 176 Soy HSP, that strongly correlates with resistance to M. javanica. Sequencing of this marker revealed similarity to the promoter region of the Gmhsp17.6-L gene. The study examines levels of Gmhsp17.6-L mRNA transcripts in resistant and susceptible genotypes using ribonuclease protection assay and quantitative PCR. Results indicate higher mRNA levels in resistant genotypes, which had larger AT(n) insertions in the Gmhsp17
TALENs is a technique that enables targeted modification of DNA sequences in living cells and organisms. It has been used to provide plant resistance against bacterial wilt disease by editing the DNA binding code. TALENs has also been used to edit genes in mouse embryonic stem cells to produce mice with modifications to two Y-linked genes. Additionally, TALENs can construct fusion genes associated with certain cancers at their endogenous loci in human cells.
Chromosomes contain DNA and proteins. In eukaryotes, chromosomes are located in the nucleus and must be highly compacted to fit by binding proteins to form chromatin. Chromatin is compacted in a hierarchical manner through interactions with histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which further compact to form the 30nm fiber and loop domains that attach to the nuclear matrix, compacting the DNA over 1000-fold to fit in the cell.
Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells that produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Plant mitochondria contain their own circular DNA and can divide through binary fission. Mitochondrial genes are regulated through transcription, splicing, editing, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. The mitochondrial proteome is comprised mostly of nuclear-encoded proteins that are imported through protein transport pathways. Mitochondria play key roles in energy production, reactive oxygen species regulation, and programmed cell death signaling in plants. Mitochondrial omics research can provide insights into stress responses and enhance stress tolerance in plants.
heterosis is a mystery pheneomenon. although there are so many theories explaing the genetic mechanism behind heterosis, none of them will explain the phenomenon totally. exploring epigenetic mechanism behind heterosis can help in the better understanding.
This document discusses marker-free transgenic plant development. It begins by defining transgenic plants and marker genes. Marker genes are commonly used to select transformed cells but can be problematic. The document then discusses various strategies to produce marker-free transgenic plants, including co-transformation, site-specific recombination using Cre/Lox or FLP/FRT systems, multi-auto transformation, and transposon-based methods. The conclusion states that while several viable methods exist for removing marker genes, continued research is still needed to fully develop techniques for efficient production of marker-free transgenic crops.
Genetic of microorganisms provides advantages for genetic research due to their simple genome structures, universal gene code, lack of diploid chromosomes and dominant genes, ease of cultivation, rapid reproduction, genetic population heterogeneity, and accessibility of modern genetic analysis methods. Bacteria like E. coli have smaller, supercoiled DNA compared to human cells. Bacterial genomes contain structural and regulatory genes organized into operons that control gene expression. The lac and arg operons demonstrate inducible and repressible gene regulation through repressor proteins and substrate/product binding. Mutation, recombination, and mobile genetic elements allow for genetic variation and horizontal gene transfer between microorganisms.
The document discusses the pET plasmid expression system used for recombinant protein expression in E. coli. It notes that the pET system uses strong T7 promoters to drive high expression of cloned genes, but this could be toxic to host cells. The pET plasmid contains the gene for T7 RNA polymerase under control of the lac promoter and lac repressor. In the presence of IPTG, T7 RNA polymerase is expressed and binds the T7 promoter on the plasmid to transcribe the cloned gene. This allows for tightly regulated, high-level expression of recombinant proteins without overloading the host cell.
This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic relationships between 17 species of sea cucumbers found in Malaysia using sequences of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods. The trees showed five main genera of sea cucumbers were present: Molpadia, Holothuria, Stichopus, Bohadschia, and Actinopyga. However, one species of Holothuria was found to be outside of the Holothuria group, making it paraphyletic. Further studies with more samples and different mitochondrial DNA genes are needed to better understand the molecular phylogeny of sea cucumbers.
This document provides an overview of biotechnology principles and applications. It defines biotechnology as the application of technology to modify biological organisms by adding genes from other organisms. The document discusses how genes are identified, isolated, and manipulated to introduce desired traits. It describes techniques such as homology cloning, complementary genetics, and map-based cloning used to isolate genes. The document explains how genes are introduced into plants using transformation methods like Agrobacterium and biolistics. It provides examples of transgenic crops and their applications in agriculture.
This document summarizes information about cytoplasmic genomes and their applications in plant breeding. It discusses how cytoplasmic DNA located in plastids and mitochondria can influence agronomic traits such as male sterility and disease resistance. Common techniques used in chloroplast transformation are also outlined, including vector design and selection markers. The advantages of chloroplast transformation over nuclear transformation are highlighted, such as high levels of transgene expression and gene containment due to maternal inheritance of plastids. Potential applications of chloroplast transformation include developing herbicide and insect/pathogen resistance in crops.
Marker free transgenic crops can be generated using several strategies to avoid issues with marker genes. Selectable marker genes allow selection of transformed cells but their products may be undesirable in food. Strategies include co-transformation using two plasmids without linking marker and trait genes, replacing selectable markers with screenable markers, and excising the selectable marker from the genome after selection using site-specific recombination, transposition, or homologous recombination. Case studies demonstrate applying these strategies successfully in tobacco and mustard to generate marker free transgenic plants.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed gene expression in barley and Arabidopsis plants infected with powdery mildew and Turnip mosaic virus, respectively. The researchers extracted total RNA and polysome-associated (actively translated) RNA from infected and uninfected plants. Microarray analysis identified genes differentially expressed in total and polysomal RNA in response to infection. In barley, 3505 genes were differentially expressed in resistant plants infected with powdery mildew, but no genes were differentially expressed in susceptible plants. In Arabidopsis, 958 genes were differentially expressed in response to Turnip mosaic virus infection. Gene ontology analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched for specific biological functions.
Molecular Markers, their application in crop improvementMrinali Mandape
Molecular markers such as SNPs, SSRs, RAPDs, AFLPs, and RFLPs can be used for crop improvement through applications like marker-assisted selection, linkage mapping, and trait-based selection. Molecular markers are DNA sequences that can identify specific locations in the genome and are linked to important agronomic traits. They are useful because they are selectively neutral, co-segregate with traits of interest, and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns.
Chloroplast transformation allows the integration of genes into the chloroplast genome. Genes integrated into chloroplasts are highly expressed due to high polyploidy of chloroplasts and proper folding of proteins. Genes integrated at the trnA/trnI site are most highly expressed. Selection of transformants is done using spectinomycin resistance encoded by the aadA gene. High-level expression of vaccines, biomaterials, and therapeutic proteins such as human serum albumin is achieved through chloroplast transformation, offering potential for low-cost production. Genes conferring herbicide and insect resistance have also been successfully expressed via the chloroplast genome.
This document describes the identification of a putative human mitochondrial thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK2). The researchers cloned and characterized a cDNA encoding TMPK2 that contains a mitochondrial targeting sequence. They showed that TMPK2 localizes to mitochondria and overexpression increases cellular dTTP levels and the conversion of radioactive thymidine and dTMP to dTDP and dTTP in mitochondria. TMPK2 expression was detected in various tissues and cell lines, and was upregulated during monocyte/macrophage differentiation, suggesting its role in mitochondrial DNA synthesis during cellular differentiation.
In this PPT You can learn briefly about Reporter Gene and Gene fusion And Gene manipulation method.
Reference From Microbiology.
Author - Brock. 12th Edition,
The potato genome was sequenced using a homozygous doubled-monoploid potato clone. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed:
1) The potato genome is approximately 844 megabases in size, with over 39,000 predicted protein-coding genes.
2) There is evidence of at least two whole genome duplication events in the evolutionary history of potato, consistent with paleopolyploidy.
3) Compared to other plant genomes sequenced so far, the potato genome contains over 2,600 genes that are specific to the asterid plant clade, to which potato belongs.
1. Yeast plasmids like the 2 micron circle have been extensively studied and developed into yeast cloning vectors.
2. Shuttle vectors like YEp vectors contain selectable marker genes like LEU2 and bacterial plasmid origins of replication like pBR322, allowing them to replicate in both E. coli and yeast.
3. The 2 micron circle is a 6kb endogenous yeast plasmid that replicates autonomously through an ARS sequence and is maintained at 50-100 copies per cell.
This summary analyzes the mRNA expression levels of the Gmhsp17.6-L gene in soybean genotypes that are resistant or susceptible to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Previous research identified a microsatellite marker, 176 Soy HSP, that strongly correlates with resistance to M. javanica. Sequencing of this marker revealed similarity to the promoter region of the Gmhsp17.6-L gene. The study examines levels of Gmhsp17.6-L mRNA transcripts in resistant and susceptible genotypes using ribonuclease protection assay and quantitative PCR. Results indicate higher mRNA levels in resistant genotypes, which had larger AT(n) insertions in the Gmhsp17
TALENs is a technique that enables targeted modification of DNA sequences in living cells and organisms. It has been used to provide plant resistance against bacterial wilt disease by editing the DNA binding code. TALENs has also been used to edit genes in mouse embryonic stem cells to produce mice with modifications to two Y-linked genes. Additionally, TALENs can construct fusion genes associated with certain cancers at their endogenous loci in human cells.
Chromosomes contain DNA and proteins. In eukaryotes, chromosomes are located in the nucleus and must be highly compacted to fit by binding proteins to form chromatin. Chromatin is compacted in a hierarchical manner through interactions with histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which further compact to form the 30nm fiber and loop domains that attach to the nuclear matrix, compacting the DNA over 1000-fold to fit in the cell.
Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells that produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Plant mitochondria contain their own circular DNA and can divide through binary fission. Mitochondrial genes are regulated through transcription, splicing, editing, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. The mitochondrial proteome is comprised mostly of nuclear-encoded proteins that are imported through protein transport pathways. Mitochondria play key roles in energy production, reactive oxygen species regulation, and programmed cell death signaling in plants. Mitochondrial omics research can provide insights into stress responses and enhance stress tolerance in plants.
heterosis is a mystery pheneomenon. although there are so many theories explaing the genetic mechanism behind heterosis, none of them will explain the phenomenon totally. exploring epigenetic mechanism behind heterosis can help in the better understanding.
This document discusses marker-free transgenic plant development. It begins by defining transgenic plants and marker genes. Marker genes are commonly used to select transformed cells but can be problematic. The document then discusses various strategies to produce marker-free transgenic plants, including co-transformation, site-specific recombination using Cre/Lox or FLP/FRT systems, multi-auto transformation, and transposon-based methods. The conclusion states that while several viable methods exist for removing marker genes, continued research is still needed to fully develop techniques for efficient production of marker-free transgenic crops.
Genetic of microorganisms provides advantages for genetic research due to their simple genome structures, universal gene code, lack of diploid chromosomes and dominant genes, ease of cultivation, rapid reproduction, genetic population heterogeneity, and accessibility of modern genetic analysis methods. Bacteria like E. coli have smaller, supercoiled DNA compared to human cells. Bacterial genomes contain structural and regulatory genes organized into operons that control gene expression. The lac and arg operons demonstrate inducible and repressible gene regulation through repressor proteins and substrate/product binding. Mutation, recombination, and mobile genetic elements allow for genetic variation and horizontal gene transfer between microorganisms.
The document discusses the pET plasmid expression system used for recombinant protein expression in E. coli. It notes that the pET system uses strong T7 promoters to drive high expression of cloned genes, but this could be toxic to host cells. The pET plasmid contains the gene for T7 RNA polymerase under control of the lac promoter and lac repressor. In the presence of IPTG, T7 RNA polymerase is expressed and binds the T7 promoter on the plasmid to transcribe the cloned gene. This allows for tightly regulated, high-level expression of recombinant proteins without overloading the host cell.
This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic relationships between 17 species of sea cucumbers found in Malaysia using sequences of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods. The trees showed five main genera of sea cucumbers were present: Molpadia, Holothuria, Stichopus, Bohadschia, and Actinopyga. However, one species of Holothuria was found to be outside of the Holothuria group, making it paraphyletic. Further studies with more samples and different mitochondrial DNA genes are needed to better understand the molecular phylogeny of sea cucumbers.
This document provides an overview of biotechnology principles and applications. It defines biotechnology as the application of technology to modify biological organisms by adding genes from other organisms. The document discusses how genes are identified, isolated, and manipulated to introduce desired traits. It describes techniques such as homology cloning, complementary genetics, and map-based cloning used to isolate genes. The document explains how genes are introduced into plants using transformation methods like Agrobacterium and biolistics. It provides examples of transgenic crops and their applications in agriculture.
This document summarizes information about cytoplasmic genomes and their applications in plant breeding. It discusses how cytoplasmic DNA located in plastids and mitochondria can influence agronomic traits such as male sterility and disease resistance. Common techniques used in chloroplast transformation are also outlined, including vector design and selection markers. The advantages of chloroplast transformation over nuclear transformation are highlighted, such as high levels of transgene expression and gene containment due to maternal inheritance of plastids. Potential applications of chloroplast transformation include developing herbicide and insect/pathogen resistance in crops.
Marker free transgenic crops can be generated using several strategies to avoid issues with marker genes. Selectable marker genes allow selection of transformed cells but their products may be undesirable in food. Strategies include co-transformation using two plasmids without linking marker and trait genes, replacing selectable markers with screenable markers, and excising the selectable marker from the genome after selection using site-specific recombination, transposition, or homologous recombination. Case studies demonstrate applying these strategies successfully in tobacco and mustard to generate marker free transgenic plants.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed gene expression in barley and Arabidopsis plants infected with powdery mildew and Turnip mosaic virus, respectively. The researchers extracted total RNA and polysome-associated (actively translated) RNA from infected and uninfected plants. Microarray analysis identified genes differentially expressed in total and polysomal RNA in response to infection. In barley, 3505 genes were differentially expressed in resistant plants infected with powdery mildew, but no genes were differentially expressed in susceptible plants. In Arabidopsis, 958 genes were differentially expressed in response to Turnip mosaic virus infection. Gene ontology analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched for specific biological functions.
Molecular Markers, their application in crop improvementMrinali Mandape
Molecular markers such as SNPs, SSRs, RAPDs, AFLPs, and RFLPs can be used for crop improvement through applications like marker-assisted selection, linkage mapping, and trait-based selection. Molecular markers are DNA sequences that can identify specific locations in the genome and are linked to important agronomic traits. They are useful because they are selectively neutral, co-segregate with traits of interest, and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns.
Chloroplast transformation allows the integration of genes into the chloroplast genome. Genes integrated into chloroplasts are highly expressed due to high polyploidy of chloroplasts and proper folding of proteins. Genes integrated at the trnA/trnI site are most highly expressed. Selection of transformants is done using spectinomycin resistance encoded by the aadA gene. High-level expression of vaccines, biomaterials, and therapeutic proteins such as human serum albumin is achieved through chloroplast transformation, offering potential for low-cost production. Genes conferring herbicide and insect resistance have also been successfully expressed via the chloroplast genome.
This document describes the identification of a putative human mitochondrial thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK2). The researchers cloned and characterized a cDNA encoding TMPK2 that contains a mitochondrial targeting sequence. They showed that TMPK2 localizes to mitochondria and overexpression increases cellular dTTP levels and the conversion of radioactive thymidine and dTMP to dTDP and dTTP in mitochondria. TMPK2 expression was detected in various tissues and cell lines, and was upregulated during monocyte/macrophage differentiation, suggesting its role in mitochondrial DNA synthesis during cellular differentiation.
In this PPT You can learn briefly about Reporter Gene and Gene fusion And Gene manipulation method.
Reference From Microbiology.
Author - Brock. 12th Edition,
The potato genome was sequenced using a homozygous doubled-monoploid potato clone. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed:
1) The potato genome is approximately 844 megabases in size, with over 39,000 predicted protein-coding genes.
2) There is evidence of at least two whole genome duplication events in the evolutionary history of potato, consistent with paleopolyploidy.
3) Compared to other plant genomes sequenced so far, the potato genome contains over 2,600 genes that are specific to the asterid plant clade, to which potato belongs.
The potato genome sequencing consortium sequenced and assembled 86% of the 844-megabase potato genome. They predicted 39,031 protein-coding genes and found evidence of at least two genome duplication events. By also sequencing a heterozygous diploid potato clone, they showed that gene presence/absence variants and other potentially deleterious mutations occur frequently and likely cause inbreeding depression in potato. The potato genome provides insights into tuber development and a platform for genetic improvement of this important crop.
Comparative genome mapping involves comparing genetic maps between closely related species to study genome evolution and understand relationships at the genetic level. Genomes can be compared by looking at features like gene location and order, as well as sequence similarity. Many model systems have been used for comparative mapping, including plants like rice and maize, Arabidopsis and Brassica, tomato and potato. These studies have revealed things like conserved synteny between species, rates of rearrangement, and the effects of polyploidization. Comparative mapping is a useful tool for understanding genomes and their relationships across species.
Molecular Systematics provides a solid conceptual basis for the evolutionary history of organisms. Molecular systematics is the study of DNA and RNA sequences to infer evolutionary links across organisms. Molecular approaches/ techniques provide excellent resources for the study of evolution and phylogeny.
This document summarizes a study that found evidence of a base triple interaction in the 58 nucleotide domain of 23S ribosomal RNA through comparative sequence analysis and experiments. The analysis identified covariations between positions 1092/1099 and the unpaired position 1072, suggesting they form a base triple. Mutation experiments showed disruption of the tertiary structure and reduced protein binding when position 1072 was altered, but not when the base pair 1092/1099 was altered, supporting a base triple. Fully compensating the mutations restored wild-type tertiary structure and binding.
A plant genome project aims to discover all genes and their function in a particular plant species.
The main objective of genomic research in any species is to sequence the whole genome and functions of all the different coding and non-coding sequences.
These techniques helped in preparation of molecular maps of many plant genomes.
Plant genome projects initially focused on a few model organisms that are characterized by small genomes or their amenability to genetic studies
Since sequencing technologies have moved on, sequencing cost have dropped and bioinformatics tools advanced, the genomes of many plant species including the enormous genome of bread wheat have been assembled
Genome sequencing projects have been carried out on all three plant genomes: the nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes
This opened venues for advanced molecular breeding and manipulation of plant species, but also have accelerated phylogenetics studies amongst species
Several excellent curated plant genome databases, besides the general nucleotide data base archives, allow public access of plant genomes
1. The document describes using TILLING by sequencing in mung bean to identify mutations in genes related to plant architecture, such as flowering time and branching, in order to develop a plant type suited for mechanical harvesting with increased productivity.
2. Key candidate genes studied include GIGANTEA, RAMOSUS, CONSTANS, LEAFY, and TERMINAL FLOWERING 1b, which regulate flowering time and branching.
3. The TILLING by sequencing workflow included EMS mutagenesis, generation of a TILLING population, sequencing of candidate gene fragments, and identification of mutations, some of which were predicted to be damaging by bioinformatics analysis.
Phylogenetic patterns in the genus Manihot (Euphorbiaceae) inferred from anal...CIAT
This study aimed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among wild Manihot species using DNA sequence data from chloroplast regions, a nuclear gene, and two nuclear sequences from cassava ESTs. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses on the combined data supported some previously proposed species groupings but also showed inconsistencies with current taxonomic sections. Estimated divergence times placed the origin of the Manihot genus around 6.6 million years ago, coinciding with the origin of species in the Cerrado ecosystem of Brazil, where most Manihot species are found. The results support a recent and rapid diversification of the genus.
The document summarizes key aspects of genomics and the human genome project. It discusses that the human genome project mapped the human genome through linkage mapping, physical mapping, and DNA sequencing. It was completed in 2003 and found that humans have around 20,000 genes and repetitive non-coding DNA makes up around half the genome. Transposons and retrotransposons are types of repetitive DNA that can move locations within genomes.
Chromosomes and molecular cytogenetics of oil palm: impact for breeding and g...Pat (JS) Heslop-Harrison
See also related talk Crops, Climate Change and Super-domestication Heslop-Harrison for Oil Palm Breeders symposium on Gearing Oil Palm Breeding and Agronomy for Climate Change: Keynote opening address MPOB PIPOC and PIPOC ISOPB ISOPA
http://www.slideshare.net/PatHeslopHarrison/heslop-harrisoncrops-climatechangesuperdomestication
Molecular cytogenetic analysis of the chromosomes of oil palm allows us to understand their evolution, genetics and segregation, genetic recombination and karyotypic stability. The cytogenetic manipulation of genomes and their chromosomes is often valuable for plant breeders to introduce and exploit new variation. Cytological landmarks such as centromeres, telomeres, heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions are important for the integration of physical chromosomes with the DNA sequence information. This linkage of the genetic, chromosomal and physical maps is particularly useful in a long-lived tree crop where genetic mapping requires decades of preparation and the mapping crosses may not be directly relevant to DxP commercial plantings. Repetitive DNA is often the most rapidly evolving genomic component, but is poorly understood from sequence assemblies; molecular cytogenetic studies allow its organization and variation to be studied, and the exploitation of repetitive sequences as markers and, by the amplification and mobility of transposable elements or satellite repeats, in generation of new variation.
Molecular cytogenetic approaches provide tools for oil palm genomic research, comparative genomics and evolutionary studies and further facilitate understanding the inheritance of specific traits in oil palm, including DNA methylation, epigenetics, and somaclonal variation, allowing work with hybrids, haploids and polyploids. Knowledge of the structures and organization of the chromosomes of oil palm, as in many crop species, is valuable for development of new lines, making hybrids, understanding the causes of some abnormalities or infertility, and exploiting variation and biodiversity found in related species or breeding lines.
Further information and slides from the talk will be on our website www.molcyt.com.
This document summarizes research on the chloroplast gene organization and phylogenetic relationships of green algae. It finds that the chloroplast genomes of green algae like Chlamydomonas have undergone extensive rearrangements compared to land plants. A phylogenetic analysis of rRNA gene sequences from green algae places Chlamydomonas in two major lineages, with greater diversity than all land plants. Mapping of over 70 genes in C. reinhardtii and C. moewusii found they share a similar gene complement but with rearrangements. However, 40 genes were found in 13 conserved clusters, suggesting these were present in their common ancestor.
Identification of Candidate Genes for Drought Stress in MaizeCIMMYT
1) The document summarizes research on identifying genes and regulatory mechanisms related to drought tolerance in maize.
2) Whole genome resequencing of 16 maize inbred lines identified candidate genes containing non-synonymous SNPs associated with drought tolerance.
3) Analysis of natural antisense transcripts (NATs) in maize found many NAT pairs responsive to drought stress, with concordant or discordant expression patterns between sense and antisense transcripts.
4) Experimental validation confirmed the expression of selected NAT pairs and their response to drought stress. The role of the ZmNAC48-cis-NATZmNAC48 pair in the drought response was further investigated.
1. The document describes a study that used Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) by sequencing to identify mutations in candidate genes involved in flowering time and plant architecture in mung bean.
2. The researchers generated a TILLING population by treating mung bean seeds with the mutagen EMS. They then identified 10 mutations across 5 candidate genes (GIGANTEA, RAMOSUS, CONSTANS, LEAFY, and TERMINAL FLOWERING 1b) using Illumina sequencing and bioinformatics.
3. The mutations were analyzed in silico and some were predicted to have damaging effects on protein function. Selected mutants were then validated using Sanger sequencing.
The document discusses various biology concepts. It provides answers to 22 multiple choice questions related to topics like nucleolus function, T cell receptor engagement, amino acid roles in protein glycosylation, neurotransmitters, translation product molecular weight, protein separation techniques, membrane protein structure, epigenetics, plant hormones, genetic variation, primary production, electron microscope resolution, gene mapping, enzyme function, Mendel's experiments, speciation modes, niche competition, and vaccine success factors.
The document outlines the schedule and topics for a series of 6 lectures on plant genetics and breeding taking place between February 3-14. Lecture 2 on February 5 will cover gene structure, transcription, translation, the central dogma of molecular biology, metabolites and metabolic pathways, and the molecular basis of phenotypes. The lecture will be given by Professor Madan K. Bhattacharyya from Iowa State University and Assam Agricultural University from 4-6 PM and include slides on various genetics concepts.
Este documento presenta un diccionario de términos biológicos en español. Incluye entradas para términos, unidades, abreviaturas, y perfiles de los reinos biológicos principales. El prólogo discute actualizaciones en la clasificación biológica y nuevos términos derivados de avances científicos recientes.
Por primera vez, el genoma del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) , ha sido descifrado completamente. Esto es en un paso importante hacia la mejora del rendimiento, la nutrición, la resistencia a las enfermedades, el sabor y el color del tomate y otros cultivos similares. La secuencia completa del genoma de la variedad Heinz 1706 así como la secuencia de un pariente silvestre, fue publicado en el último número de la revista Nature .
Los investigadores del Consorcio formado por investigadores de numerosos países informó que los tomates tienen unos 35.000 genes organizados en 12 cromosomas.
Las secuencias de estos genes y su disposición en los cromosomas se describen en el artículo de Nature. Esta información permitirá a los investigadores avanzar a un ritmo más rápido y a los criadores de plantas para producir nuevas variedades con determinadas características deseadas.
Ahora que la secuencia del genoma de esta variedad de tomate se conoce también será más fácil y mucho menos costoso conocer la secuencia de otras variantes de esta planta. Teniendo como molde la secuencia de esta variedad que costó millones de dólares permitirá conocer a muy bajo costo (10,000 dólares o menos) las secuencias de otras variedades.
Para facilitar el acceso a las secuencias de los genes del tomate y las especies afines han creado un sitio web interactivo ( www.solgenomics.net ).
La secuenciación del genoma del tomate tiene implicaciones para otras especies de plantas. Fresas, manzanas, melones, plátanos y otros muchos frutos carnosos, quienes comparten algunas características con los tomates, por lo que la información sobre los genes y las vías involucradas en la maduración del fruto potencialmente se puede aplicar a ellos, ayudando a mejorar la calidad de los alimentos, la seguridad alimentaria y reducir los costos de cultivo.
Buscando la calidad de un articulo cientificoUltramolecular
Este documento discute los elementos que constituyen la calidad de un artículo científico. Señala que un artículo de calidad debe ser reproducible, tener una hipótesis falsable y cumplir con estándares científicos. También destaca que aunque los autores son responsables de la calidad, los editores evalúan esta mediante procesos como revisión por pares. Finalmente, resalta la importancia de la precisión taxonómica y de corregir errores para mejorar la calidad general de las publicaciones.
Convocatoria a suscribir carta dirigida al presidente ollanta humalaUltramolecular
El documento convoca a los científicos e ingenieros peruanos a firmar una carta dirigida al presidente Ollanta Humala en apoyo a sus propuestas de políticas de ciencia y tecnología. Algunas personas se opusieron a estas propuestas sin entender de investigación científica. La carta pide al presidente que aplique las medidas descritas en su plan de gobierno para sentar las bases de la era científica del Perú y promover un desarrollo inclusivo.
El documento resume el libro "Superficiales: ¿Qué está haciendo Internet con nuestras mentes?" de Nicholas Carr, en el cual argumenta que el uso excesivo de Internet está cambiando la forma en que las personas piensan y aprenden, haciéndolas menos capaces de leer y concentrarse en textos largos y complejos. El autor también experimentó esto personalmente y se mudó a una cabaña aislada para recuperar su capacidad de lectura profunda. Aunque reconoce los beneficios de Internet, advierte que podría reemplazar formas más profundas de
Becas para seguir estudios de post grado en suiza 2012 2013 1...Ultramolecular
Este documento describe las becas para estudios de posgrado en Suiza para el año 2012-2013. Ofrece becas para programas de maestría o investigación de hasta un año. Los requisitos incluyen cartas de recomendación, certificados de idioma, compromiso de regresar al Perú, y presentar documentación antes del 1 de diciembre de 2011. La Comisión Federal de Becas de Suiza otorgará las becas a los mejores candidatos de América Latina.
Becas postgrado mexico 2012 programas bilaterales y multilaterales 10 2011Ultramolecular
Este documento describe las becas de posgrado ofrecidas por el gobierno de México para el año académico 2012. Las becas cubren una variedad de especialidades y programas de posgrado en instituciones mexicanas. Los candidatos elegibles deben cumplir con ciertos requisitos académicos y devolver el conocimiento adquirido a su país de origen. Las becas incluyen colegiaturas, manutención mensual y seguro médico.
This document provides background on Gregor Mendel and his experiments with plant hybrids in the 1860s. It summarizes that Mendel, an Augustinian monk in Brno, conducted experiments crossing pea plants that had different characteristics. He analyzed his results mathematically and discovered the basic laws of inheritance. However, his work was largely ignored when first published. It was not until the early 1900s that his findings were rediscovered by scientists conducting similar experiments, and the importance and implications of his work were finally recognized, establishing him as the founder of the new science of genetics.
Top 50 mejores universidades del mundo de 12000Ultramolecular
Este documento presenta un ranking de las 50 principales universidades de Perú ordenadas por su rango mundial. Proporciona información sobre el tamaño, visibilidad, investigaciones y publicaciones de cada universidad. La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos ocupa el primer lugar, seguida por la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas.
Ranking mundial de las 50 mejores universidadesUltramolecular
El documento presenta un ranking de las principales universidades de Perú basado en cuatro métricas: tamaño, visibilidad, scholar y archivos ricos. La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos ocupa el primer lugar, seguida de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas. El ranking incluye las 50 principales universidades del país de acuerdo a estos indicadores.
El documento presenta un ranking de las principales universidades de Perú según cuatro métricas: tamaño, visibilidad, scholar y archivos ricos. La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos ocupa el primer lugar en el ranking nacional y se ubica en el puesto 643 a nivel mundial. Otras universidades destacadas son la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú en el puesto 870 y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas en el puesto 1600 a nivel global. El documento proporciona los rankings específicos de hasta 84 universidades peruan
Este documento contiene 67 frases memorables atribuidas a Albert Einstein. Algunas de las ideas principales expresadas incluyen que la ignorancia es común a todos pero en cosas diferentes, que la imaginación es más importante que el conocimiento, y que la ciencia y la religión deben coexistir en armonía sin una dominando a la otra.
Este documento contiene 67 frases memorables atribuidas a Albert Einstein sobre una variedad de temas como la ciencia, la religión, la política y la vida. Algunas de las ideas principales expresadas incluyen que la ignorancia es común a todos pero en cosas diferentes, que la imaginación es más importante que el conocimiento, y que la ciencia y la religión deben coexistir en armonía sin una dominando a la otra.
Este documento proporciona consideraciones y recomendaciones para escribir un artículo científico para su publicación en una revista biomédica. Explica que es importante decidir si el estudio tiene mérito de publicación y seleccionar la revista adecuada antes de comenzar a escribir. También describe los pasos típicos del proceso de revisión, incluida la estructura IMRD estándar y las razones más comunes por las que los manuscritos son rechazados. El objetivo es ayudar a los autores a mejor
Becas de la amistad peruano ecuatoriana pregrado y postgrado 27 07-2011Ultramolecular
Este documento describe las Becas de la Amistad Peruano Ecuatoriana que ofrece el Gobierno de Ecuador. El objetivo es fomentar las relaciones bilaterales entre Ecuador y Perú mediante la concesión de becas a ciudadanos peruanos para que estudien carreras de pregrado y posgrado en universidades ecuatorianas. Se ofrecen becas completas que cubren matrícula, manutención, seguros y pasajes de avión.
This document provides an introduction to the Women in Science book series, which profiles notable female scientists. It discusses the barriers that historically discouraged women from pursuing scientific careers in the United States, such as the view that science was not suitable for women. It profiles Jill Sideman, the president of the Association for Women in Science, and her experience facing discouragement from pursuing math and science as a girl in the 1950s, despite being inspired by her mother's love of science. The introduction sets the context for the book's profile of geneticist Barbara McClintock, who achieved the Nobel Prize despite facing societal views that science was not for women.
Este documento proporciona consejos para escribir un artículo científico. Explica que es importante escribir borradores tempranos para identificar huecos en la argumentación. Recomienda clarificar el tema central y repetirlo consistentemente. Sugiere presentar los resultados como una historia coherente que se enfoque en el tema. También enfatiza la importancia de que los tutores ayuden a los estudiantes a desarrollar habilidades de escritura a través de revisiones colaborativas de borradores.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Dive into the realm of operating systems (OS) with Pravash Chandra Das, a seasoned Digital Forensic Analyst, as your guide. 🚀 This comprehensive presentation illuminates the core concepts, types, and evolution of OS, essential for understanding modern computing landscapes.
Beginning with the foundational definition, Das clarifies the pivotal role of OS as system software orchestrating hardware resources, software applications, and user interactions. Through succinct descriptions, he delineates the diverse types of OS, from single-user, single-task environments like early MS-DOS iterations, to multi-user, multi-tasking systems exemplified by modern Linux distributions.
Crucial components like the kernel and shell are dissected, highlighting their indispensable functions in resource management and user interface interaction. Das elucidates how the kernel acts as the central nervous system, orchestrating process scheduling, memory allocation, and device management. Meanwhile, the shell serves as the gateway for user commands, bridging the gap between human input and machine execution. 💻
The narrative then shifts to a captivating exploration of prominent desktop OSs, Windows, macOS, and Linux. Windows, with its globally ubiquitous presence and user-friendly interface, emerges as a cornerstone in personal computing history. macOS, lauded for its sleek design and seamless integration with Apple's ecosystem, stands as a beacon of stability and creativity. Linux, an open-source marvel, offers unparalleled flexibility and security, revolutionizing the computing landscape. 🖥️
Moving to the realm of mobile devices, Das unravels the dominance of Android and iOS. Android's open-source ethos fosters a vibrant ecosystem of customization and innovation, while iOS boasts a seamless user experience and robust security infrastructure. Meanwhile, discontinued platforms like Symbian and Palm OS evoke nostalgia for their pioneering roles in the smartphone revolution.
The journey concludes with a reflection on the ever-evolving landscape of OS, underscored by the emergence of real-time operating systems (RTOS) and the persistent quest for innovation and efficiency. As technology continues to shape our world, understanding the foundations and evolution of operating systems remains paramount. Join Pravash Chandra Das on this illuminating journey through the heart of computing. 🌟
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Nunit vs XUnit vs MSTest Differences Between These Unit Testing Frameworks.pdfflufftailshop
When it comes to unit testing in the .NET ecosystem, developers have a wide range of options available. Among the most popular choices are NUnit, XUnit, and MSTest. These unit testing frameworks provide essential tools and features to help ensure the quality and reliability of code. However, understanding the differences between these frameworks is crucial for selecting the most suitable one for your projects.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers