Dr Mansukh Mandaviya launches National Lists of Essential Medicines (NLEM) 2022
384 Drugs included in NLEM 2022; 34 new drugs added
“Under Hon. PM’s vision of Sabko Dawai, Sasti Dawai NLEM another step towards affordable healthcare with reduced Out-of-Pocket-Expenditure (OOPE)”
It will further ensure efficacy, safety, quality, affordability and accessibility of medicines: Dr Mansukh Mandaviya
These presentation describes the rules and regulations for the manufacture of drugs and grant of license. Loan License and Repacking License is also described. These presentation is the part of series Drugs & Cosmetics Act.
This act gives an idea about the constitution and functions of PCI. Brief about Education Regulation in India. Registration procedure for the pharmacist in India.
EML :Satisfy the priority healthcare needs of majority of the population.
WHO EML was recognised as important guiding document mainly for the public sector for the procurement, distribution, rational use and quality assurance of medicines.
The list is made with consideration to disease prevalence, efficacy, safety and comparative cost-effectiveness of the medicines.
Careful selection of a limited range of essential medicines results in a higher quality of care, better management of medicines and more cost-effective use of health resources.
Not considered on Sales turnover on the basis of volume.
National Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy(NPPP)2012, DPCO
Medicinal and toilet preparations act and rules,1955Ganesh Shevalkar
It is an Act with provision for levy and collection of excise duties on medicinal and toilet preparations containing alcohol, opium, Indian hemp (cannabis) or other narcotic drugs.
These presentation describes the rules and regulations for the manufacture of drugs and grant of license. Loan License and Repacking License is also described. These presentation is the part of series Drugs & Cosmetics Act.
This act gives an idea about the constitution and functions of PCI. Brief about Education Regulation in India. Registration procedure for the pharmacist in India.
EML :Satisfy the priority healthcare needs of majority of the population.
WHO EML was recognised as important guiding document mainly for the public sector for the procurement, distribution, rational use and quality assurance of medicines.
The list is made with consideration to disease prevalence, efficacy, safety and comparative cost-effectiveness of the medicines.
Careful selection of a limited range of essential medicines results in a higher quality of care, better management of medicines and more cost-effective use of health resources.
Not considered on Sales turnover on the basis of volume.
National Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy(NPPP)2012, DPCO
Medicinal and toilet preparations act and rules,1955Ganesh Shevalkar
It is an Act with provision for levy and collection of excise duties on medicinal and toilet preparations containing alcohol, opium, Indian hemp (cannabis) or other narcotic drugs.
A presentation aimed at providing information with regards to the Pharmacy Act, 1948.
-INTRODUCTION
-HISTORY OF THE ACT
-PHARMACY COUNCIL OF INDIA
-STATE PHARMACY COUNCIL
-SPECIAL PROVISIONS OF THE ACT
-OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
-CONCLUSION
-REFERENCES
LINK FOR VIDEO LECTURES
https://youtu.be/-4nzP2vOGdg
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD IS IN THE PHARMACY SYLLABUS AND THE QUESTIONS ARE ASKED IN THE PHARMACY EXAMS .
SUCH AS GPAT NIPER AND SEMSESTER EXAM/
At the end of the 19th century and early 20 century use of Allopathy system increases
Drugs of natural origin: Veg, mineral oil and animals
At that time, profit became main motive than service
Overdose of quinine.A Central law to control drugs and pharmacy profession.
Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements), 1954 Act,1954 Sagar Savale
An Act to control the advertisement of drugs in certain cases, to prohibit the advertisement for certain purposes of remedies alleged to possess magic qualities and to provide for matters connected therewith. This act is not unconstitutional, because it does not interferes with private business and also it does not impose unreasonable restrictions.
The government has notified the DPCO 2013 under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, which will give power to the NPPA (National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA )to regulate prices of 348 essential drugs along with their specified strengths and dosages under NLEM 2011.
Codes of pharmaceutical ethics
In relation to his trade
In relation to his Job
In relation to his Profession
In relation to Medical Profession
Pharmacist's Oath
State pharmacy council and joint state pharmacy council:
Under the Pharmacy Act each Sate Govt. is required to constitute a state pharmacy council for the maintenance of register of Pharmacists of the State and to monitor their professional activities.
Two or more states can also enter into an agreement to form a Joint State Pharmacy Council.
Narcotic and Psychotropic Substance act 1985Prakash Mali
The statutory control over narcotic drugs was being exercised under The Opium Act, 1857, The Opium Act, 1878 and The Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930.
India had no legislation regarding narcotics until 1985. Cannabis smoking in India has been known since at least 2000 BC and is first mentioned in the Atharvaveda, which dates back a few hundred years BC.
The WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines are updated every two years by the Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines.
The first Essential Medicines List was published in 1977, and the first Essential Medicines List for Children was published in 2007.
The current versions, updated in September 2021, are the 22nd Essential Medicines List (EML) and the 8th Essential Medicines List for Children (EMLc).
A presentation aimed at providing information with regards to the Pharmacy Act, 1948.
-INTRODUCTION
-HISTORY OF THE ACT
-PHARMACY COUNCIL OF INDIA
-STATE PHARMACY COUNCIL
-SPECIAL PROVISIONS OF THE ACT
-OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
-CONCLUSION
-REFERENCES
LINK FOR VIDEO LECTURES
https://youtu.be/-4nzP2vOGdg
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD IS IN THE PHARMACY SYLLABUS AND THE QUESTIONS ARE ASKED IN THE PHARMACY EXAMS .
SUCH AS GPAT NIPER AND SEMSESTER EXAM/
At the end of the 19th century and early 20 century use of Allopathy system increases
Drugs of natural origin: Veg, mineral oil and animals
At that time, profit became main motive than service
Overdose of quinine.A Central law to control drugs and pharmacy profession.
Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements), 1954 Act,1954 Sagar Savale
An Act to control the advertisement of drugs in certain cases, to prohibit the advertisement for certain purposes of remedies alleged to possess magic qualities and to provide for matters connected therewith. This act is not unconstitutional, because it does not interferes with private business and also it does not impose unreasonable restrictions.
The government has notified the DPCO 2013 under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, which will give power to the NPPA (National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA )to regulate prices of 348 essential drugs along with their specified strengths and dosages under NLEM 2011.
Codes of pharmaceutical ethics
In relation to his trade
In relation to his Job
In relation to his Profession
In relation to Medical Profession
Pharmacist's Oath
State pharmacy council and joint state pharmacy council:
Under the Pharmacy Act each Sate Govt. is required to constitute a state pharmacy council for the maintenance of register of Pharmacists of the State and to monitor their professional activities.
Two or more states can also enter into an agreement to form a Joint State Pharmacy Council.
Narcotic and Psychotropic Substance act 1985Prakash Mali
The statutory control over narcotic drugs was being exercised under The Opium Act, 1857, The Opium Act, 1878 and The Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930.
India had no legislation regarding narcotics until 1985. Cannabis smoking in India has been known since at least 2000 BC and is first mentioned in the Atharvaveda, which dates back a few hundred years BC.
The WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines are updated every two years by the Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines.
The first Essential Medicines List was published in 1977, and the first Essential Medicines List for Children was published in 2007.
The current versions, updated in September 2021, are the 22nd Essential Medicines List (EML) and the 8th Essential Medicines List for Children (EMLc).
Essential medicines are those medicines that satisfy the priority health care needs of the
population. WHO published the first essential medicine list in 1977 and has been updating it
every two years since. Nepal being a signatory of the Alma Ata declaration (1978) implemented the essential medicine
program with a first ever National List of Essential Medicines, NLEM in 1986. Since then NLEM revised five times (1992, 1997, 2002, 2011 and 2016) with the support from
WHO Nepal
Essential Medicines (EM) are those that satisfy the healthcare needs of most of the population and therefore should always be available in appropriate amounts and in appropriate dosage forms.
Assessment of drug utilization and rational drug use on WHO indicationZaibaFathima8
This is a study done in the outpatient department for a short period of time to recognize the drug utilized and use of rational drug use based on WHO indicators under the guidance of Dr. GOPINATH S, M Pharm., Ph.D.,
by Prabhavathi S co. B Pharmacy final year project.
Essential medicines, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) are "those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population; they should therefore be available at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosage forms, at a price the community can afford
NDCT Rules, 2019: An Overview | New Drugs and Clinical Trial Rules 2019Akash Agnihotri
The New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules, 2019 (NDCT Rules, 2019) apply to all new drugs, investigational new drugs for human use, clinical trials, bioequivalence studies, bioavailability studies, and ethics committees. The rules also apply to orphan drugs, phytopharmaceutical drugs, and biomedical and health research.
Pharmacodynamics of Drugs: Introduction to PharmacologyAkash Agnihotri
Pharmacodynamics is one the basic unit to understand the pharmacology subject.
Pharmacodynamics (sometimes described as what a drug does to the body) is the study of the biochemical, physiologic, and molecular effects of drugs on the body and involves receptor binding (including receptor sensitivity), postreceptor effects, and chemical interactions.
This ppt will be helpful for MBBS, Pharmacy, and Nursing Students.
Pharmacokinetics of Drugs: Introduction to PharmacologyAkash Agnihotri
Pharmacokinetics of drugs is the study of (ADME) Absorption, Distribution, Metabolims, and Excretion.
Pharmacokinetics is all about understanding how drugs move, change, and leave the body.
This is one of the basic unit of pharmacology, to understand the subject pharmacology.
This ppt will be use for MBBS, Nursing and Pharmacy students.
Receptor desensitization and regulation of receptors,Diseases resulting from...Akash Agnihotri
Receptor desensitization and regulation of receptors,Diseases resulting from receptor and pathway dysfunction, Physiological systems Integrated multiple signals
Drugs Used in Heart Failure
Drugs without positive inotropic effects used in Heart Failure:
Diuretics
ACE/ARB & Related agents
Vasodilators
β-Adrenergic Blockers
Others
Drugs with positive inotropic effects used in Heart Failure:
Digitalis
Other positive inotropic drugs:
Bipyridines
Beta-Adrenergic agonists
Investigational positive inotropic drugs: Istaroxime, Levosimanden, Omecamtiv mecarbil
Caffeine-Pharmacology and other info by DrugsInfoAkash Agnihotri
It's is all you need to know about caffeine. All the information available in this ppt, made by authenticated sources. That is following evidence-based medicine process.
Follow @drugs_info_ on Instagram
@drugsinfo01 on facebook and
youtube/DrugsInfo
Animal models for screening agents useful in Heart FailureAkash Agnihotri
This ppt will give you all information about various animal models for screening of drugs that are useful in the treatment of heart failure. This ppt is made by various authenticated research articles and books.
ppt include-
In-vivo models:
1. Rat models
2. Dog models
3. Rabbit models
4. Guinea pig models
5. Syrian hamster models
6. Murine models
7. Zebrafish models
8. Swine models
9. Transgenic mice
10. Other models (22 other models)
In-vitro models:
1. Isolated hamster cardiomyopathic heart
2. Isolated cat papillary muscle
3. Ouabain binding
YouTube Channel Link for drug information:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC49iKtopfbsV3ggHy7pmAug/about
Adrenergic Agonist & Sympathomimetic Drugs.
It includes:
Sympathetic Nervous System
Structures of the major catecholamines
Drugs acting at adrenergic neurons
Structure-Activity Relationship of sympathomimetic Amines
Structure & main clinical use of important sympathomimetic drugs
Adrenergic Receptors: Types, Nomenclature
Sympathomimetic drugs (with Recent Advances)
Beta-adrenergic blockers as a potential treatment for COVID-19 patients
Summary
Functional Organization of Autonomic ActivityAkash Agnihotri
This slide including Functional Organization of Autonomic Activity
A little intro about ANS
Then Organization of the nervous system including
Afferent/Efferent: Transmission
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous system
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system
Enteric nervous system
Their functions, differences in between functions and organization with some tables and figures
Then, the Role of the CNS in the control of autonomic functions
with example
Then, presynaptic modulation and postsynaptic modulation
Also, Innervations by the ANS
And lastly Transmitters other than acetylcholine and noradrenaline
Transporter superfamilies in the human genomeAkash Agnihotri
Transporter superfamilies in the human genome.
This includes 2 main families of transporters- SCL and ABC superfamily and their functions, locations, and sub-classification with their related disorders and drug interactions.
Also,
Transporters in pharmacokinetics
Movement of drug across cellular membrane
SLC Gene Nomenclature System
Solute Carrier Proteins (SLCs)
SLC transporters and diseases
SLC types of transporters- OAT Family, OAT Family (with example)
ABC Transporter Nomenclature System
Human ABC Superfamily
Tissue Distribution of Drug-Related ABC Transporters
ABC transporters form barriers
ABC Transporters in Drug Absorption and Elimination
'Basic mechanisms of membrane transport is the topic of general pharmacology.
Introduction- Membrane Transport
Plasma Membrane
Lipid solubility in membrane permeation
Transporters Versus Channels
Mechanisms of Transport
Passive Diffusion
Relationship between Molecular weight and Diffusion
Carrier mediated Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Primary Active Transport
P type- Na+ K+-ATPase
Secondary Active transport- Symport, Antiport
Intestinal Transporters with e.g
Vesicular Transport-Exocytosis, Endocytosis-Phagocytosis,Pinocytosis
Pore (Convective) Transport
Ion Pair Formation
Absorption- Extent and Rate (Bioavailability)
MCQ Answers- 1. C (Largely hydrophobic, yet soluble in aqueous solutions)- Lippincott
2. B (Oral)- KDT
3. C (Is incompletely absorbed)-KDT
Content:
Absorption- via gastrointestinal tract
Absorption- via Parenteral sites
Absorption- via Lungs
Extent and Rate of Absorption- Why?
Bioavailability (with formula)
Concept of Bioavailability
Extent of absorption
First-pass elimination (with Extraction ratio formula)
Rate of absorption
Rate and extent of absorption (bioavailability)
Measurement of bioavailability
Factor influencing bioavailability
Multiple Choice Questions.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
National List of Essential Meidicne 2022 by DrugsInfo
1. National List of Essential
Medicine (NLEM) 2022
Part-1
Criteria for adding
and deletion of
medicine in NLEM
Prepared by: Akash Agnihotri
2. NLEM-2022: Highlights
• 384 drugs have been included in this list with
addition of 34 drugs
• While 26 from the previous list have been dropped
• The medicines have been categorized into 27
therapeutic categories
3. NLEM
• National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) are
those that satisfy the priority healthcare needs,
based on: efficacy, safety, quality and the total
cost of treatment.
• The purpose of the list is to ensure safety, quality,
affordability and accessible of medicines for the
population.
• In India, the essential medicines list is categorized
based on medicines at primary, secondary, and
tertiary healthcare levels.
4. A significant criteria for
inclusion in NLEM is based on:
6. When more than one medicine are available from
the same therapeutic class, one
prototype/medically best suited medicine of that
class to be included
7. The price of total treatments shall be considered
and not the unit price of a medicine
8. The fixed dose combinations are usually not
included
9. In case of vaccines, It is as and when it is
included in Universal Immunization Programme
5. A significant criteria for
inclusion in NLEM is based on
1. The medicine shall be useful in diseases that is a
public health problem in India
2. The medicine shall be licensed/approved by the
Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI)
3. It shall have proven efficacy and safety profile
based on scientific evidence
4. It should be comparatively cost effective and
aligned with the current treatment guidelines
5. The medicine shall be recommended under
National Health Programs of India
6. The criteria for deletion from
NLEM is based on:
1. The medicine has been banned in India
2. If there are reports of concerns on the safety
profile
3. If medicine with better efficacy or favourable
safety profile and better cost-effectiveness is now
available
4. The disease burden for which medicine is
indicated is no longer a national health concern
5. In case of antimicrobials, if the resistance pattern
has rendered an antimicrobial ineffective
8. NLEM Info
• The National List of Essential Medicines was first
formulated in 1996 and it was revised thrice earlier in
2003, 2011, and 2015
• “Under Hon. PM’s vision of Sabko Dawai, Sasti
Dawai NLEM another step towards affordable
healthcare with reduced Out-of-Pocket-Expenditure
(OOPE)”
9. National List of Essential
Medicine (NLEM) 2022
Part-2
List of drugs
deleted
Prepared by: Akash Agnihotri
10. NLEM For Antimicrobials drugs
• For the antimicrobial drugs, the World Health
Organization (WHO) has classified anti-microbials
as Access, Watch and Reserve group.
• In Indian context, though the committee did not
specify as Access, Watch and Reserve in NLEM
2022, but a similar philosophy of WHO
antimicrobial classification was kept in mind for
the list.
11. NLEM For Anticancer drugs
For the anticancer drugs, with advancement in
treatment and affordability being an issue, out of 42
non-NLEM Trade Margin Rationalisation (TMR)
drugs, there are now four in NLEM.
"Four Anti-cancer drugs have been added to the list like
Bendamustine Hydrochloride, Irinotecan HCI Trihydrate,
Lenalidomide and Leuprolide acetate, these medicines are
effective in various types of cancers and these are
affordable also,"
12. NLEM For Fixed dose
combinations
• For the fixed drug combinations, although, many
antibiotic FDCs with multiple antibiotics,
analgesics, vitamins, minerals, etc have been
banned, there are still many combinations in the
market with doubtful rationality.
• Though, the committee wish to publish a negative
list of such disease, it is restricting itself as the list
will become only example and cannot be
exhaustive.
13. NLEM: Still under patent drugs
• NLEM 2022 also mentions four drugs which are
still under patent, namely
• Bedaquiline
• Delamanid
• Dolutegravir
• Daclatasvir
16. List of medicines removed from
NLEM 2022
Ranitidine was pulled out of the essential list after
detailed discussion with the Drug Controller General
of India (DCGI) and All India Institute of Medical
Sciences (AIIMS) citing concerns over cancer
causing N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
17. List of medicines removed from
NLEM 2022
Ranitidine, Sucralfate, White Petrolatum, Atenolol and
Methyldopa, etc have been deleted from the revised list.
The deletion has been done based on the parameters of
cost-effectiveness and availability of better drugs.
Important drugs:
18. National List of Essential
Medicine (NLEM) 2022
Part-3
List of drugs added
Prepared by: Akash Agnihotri