This document discusses the use of nanotechnology for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. It explains that nano particles between 1-100 nm in size can be used to specifically target drugs to cancer cells, minimizing systemic side effects. This is achieved through the enhanced permeability and retention effect, where nano-sized molecules accumulate more in tumors due to abnormal blood vessel structure and lack of lymphatic drainage. Several FDA-approved nanomedicines are provided as examples, including Doxil and Abraxane for treating various cancers. The document concludes by stating nanotechnology has potential for overcoming cancer drug resistance.

1. Nano drug delivery system for the cancer
therapy
Presented By
Srikala. kamireddy
Assistant Professor,
Nirmala college of Pharmacy

2. Introduction
• Treatment that employs large size material for
drug delivery presents problems such as poor
bioavailability, low solubility, a lack of
targeted delivery and generalized side effects.
• The application of nanotechnology for drug
delivery provides the potential for enhanced
treatments with targeted delivery and fewer
side effects.

4. Nanodrug delivery system
• Nano particles are 1-100 nm in size. The
particles can be used in a targeted drug delivery
approach .
• They can specifically target a drug or drug carrier
towards cancer cell to minimize drug - oriented
systemic toxic effects.
• Nanotechnology drug delivery occur through the
use of designed nanomaterials as well as
forming delivery systems from nanoscale
molecules such as liposomes.

8. Nanodrug delivery system
The Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect (EPR)
• Targeted delivery of anticancer agents is achieved by exploiting a
unique characteristic of the tumor cells called “the Enhanced
Permeation and Retention Effect (EPR effect).
• An important discovery for drug delivery nanotechnology
applications is the enhanced permeability and retention effect.
Molecules at the nanoscale tend to accumulate in tumor tissue
more than in normal tissue. This is because fast growing tumors
have a great oxygen demand and require the fast generation of
blood vessels. The blood vessels produced are structurally
abnormal and contain pores which allow nanoscale molecules to
permeate through to the tumor tissue. As fast growing tumors also
lack functioning lymphatic systems, the enhanced permeability and
retention effect should allow for targeted delivery of
chemotherapeutic drugs.

10. Nano drug delivery system
• Studies have analyzed which types of tumours have
responded best to selective drug release via the
enhanced permeability and retention effect.
• Data from clinical trials found that lung, breast and
ovarian cancers have the best response with greater
expression of the polymer drug conjugate tested.
• The results indicated a high enhanced permeability
and retention effect in these tumour types.

15. List of FDAapproved Nanodrugs

16. Nanoparticles based products currently available in market.
Product Company Drug Formulation
Route of
administration Application
Doxil/caelyx
Sequus
Pharmaceuticals
Doxorubicin Liposome IV injection
Kaposi sarcoma
in AIDS, Breast
cancer
Ambisome
NeXstar
Pharmaceuticals
Amphotericin B Liposome IV infusion
Serious fungal
and HIV
infection
Dauno Xone
NeXstar
Pharmaceuticals
(Boulder,
Colorado)
Daunorubicin
citrate
Liposome IV injection
Kaposi sarcoma
in AIDS
Emend
Merck/Elan
(USA)
Aprepitant,
MK869
Nanocrystal
particles
Oral
For
chemotherapy
patient to delay
nausea and
vomiting
Abraxane
American
Biosciences
Paclitaxel
Albumin bound
nanoparticle
IV injection
Metastatic
breast cancer
Megaace ES
PAR
Pharmaceuticals
Megaestrol
acetate
Nanocrystal
particles
Oral
Treatment of
weight loss in
patient with
AIDS

17. Cancer drug delivery in the nano era

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