Nanotechnology is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular and supramolecular scale. Nanotechnology useful for targeting the cancer cells and destroy them based on the surface receptor molecule or markers present on the cancer cells helpful for targeted therapy. The two process by which the drug concentrated around cancer cell is passive diffusion and targeted cellular uptake and destroy cancer cell by active drug.nanotechnology opens a new era in cancer therapy

1. NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR
TARGETED CANCER THERAPY
(ARYA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY)
kandi, sangareddy.
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS & DRUG DELIVERY
PRESENTED BY:
J.NAVEEN KUMAR,
FATHIMA ZAHUTHA ERAM
KHAN,
PHARM.D 4th YEAR ,
ACOP.
CODE:
CEU-02

2. NOVEL
DRUG
DELIVERY
SYSTEM
NDDS refers to an approaches, formulations, technologies, systems
for transportation a pharmaceutical compound in body as needed to
safely achieve its desired therapeutic effects & increased efficacy.
NDDS consists of various drug delivery systems. They are oral,
mucosal, nasal, ocular, vaginal, transdermal, parenteral, targeted,
intra-uterine drug deliver systems.
NDDS include drug carriers. They should be delivered at rate specific,
site specific.
NDDS classes are sustained & controlled release drug delivery system.
Advantages: improve patient convenience, increase safety, max
utilization & less frequency dosing.
Disadvantage: Decreased systemic availability, poor invivo, possibility
of dose dumping etc.

3. NDDS include
novel
carriers(drug
carriers):
DRUG
CARRIERS
Micro
emulsions
Liposome
Solid Nano
particles
Sub micron
emulsions
micelles
Ethosomes
Solid
dispersions
Micro
spheres
Ocular
inserts
Hydrogel
system

4. CANCER
• Cancer second world wide cause of death.
• It accounted for 8.2 million deaths worldwide in 2012.
• Current treatments rely on radiation, chemotherapeutic
agents that kill normal cells.
• Targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs is
needed.
• Nanotherapeutics are being implemented to overcome
limitations of conventional drug delivery system.
• Nanoparticles for therapeutics and diagnostics have
been approved for clinical applications, and more are
currently under clinical trials.

5. NANO PARTICLES
• These are solid state and
amorphous/crystalline.
• Nano material like Nanotubes,
Nanowires, Nano shells, Quantum
dots, Nanopores, Gold Nano particles.
• They can cross through blood brain
barrier for drug delivery.
• Nanoparticle types:
• organic-liposomes, protein based,
polymeric.
• Inorganic-iron oxide, silica, gold.

11. NANOPARTICLE
FORMULATION
• Drug & Organic polymer molecule in
organic solution by using a dropper poured
into rapidly stirring water.
• Initially copolymer rapidly self assemble at
organic water interphase of nanodroplets
preorienting themselves so that hydrophobic
blocks surrounding themselves stabilized by
hydrophilic walls.
• This polymer according subsequently
surface modified with various cancer
targeting ligands such as antibodies or small
molecules.

12. DELIVERY OF NANOPARTICLES
• The nanoparticle modified into IV administration.
• They are quickly distributed throughout body by
circulatory system with also delivery to site of
tumour.
• One hundred times smaller than RBC
nanoparticles. Possess unique ability to permeate
through leaky walls of tumour vasculature which
are formed during process of tumour growth.
• Through this passive targeting technique
nanoparticle can be concentrated within tumour
tissue.

15. TARGETED CELLULAR UPTAKE
• On the cancer cells surface membrane, surface receptor molecule
microscopic markers expressed on cancer cell but not expressed
on normal tissue.
• The nanoparticles targeting ligands bind specifically to these
receptors triggering a response also known as receptor-mediated
endocytosis which draws nanoparticle into cancer cell.
• This enables thousands of nanoparticles to enter into each of
targeting cells. Inside the cell nanoparticle & develop endosomes.
• These endosomes merge to form larger endosomes or eventually
lysosome to digest.
• The anti-cancer drug released in a controlled manner by
degradation of polymer nanoparticle shell. The highly toxic
chemotherapy can directly be at site for intended action without
effecting other body systems.
• Typically the cancer cell will cause cancer cell to undergo
apoptosis or programmed cell death. The nanoparticle therapy
can eventually lead to eradication of tumour mass.

18. DOXORUBICIN DRUG DELIVERY
• Doxorubicin is most efficient anti-cancer drug but
can cause death of health cells too so Nano capsule
can deliver DOX only inside cancer cells using
oncomarker signatures.
• It consists of DNA origami shell covered by
immune factors with molecular binding site on its
surface.
• Side effects of DOX: darkening of skin/nails,
alopecia, weak, cardiac toxicity, nausea, vomiting,
low blood cell count, moth sore, urine red.
• Trade Name: Adriamycin, Rubex. FDA approved
dose of 60-75mg/m2 IV 14-21 days.

19. PRE-CLINICAL STUDIES
To compare pharmacokinetics & efficacy of doxorubicin
Into two groups of mouse models of cancer, studies on ovarian cancer xenografts
DOX
PVN PLD
RESULTS: PVN (lant virus nanoparticle) more efficacious than PLD (PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin) in ovarian cancer.
The pharmacokinetic profile of PVN has fast plasma clearance, more efficient tumour delivery
CONCLUSION: PVN at low doses provide both pharmacological & efficacy advantages compared with PLD

20. CLINICAL TRIALS
PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF DOXORUBICIN CARRIED BY POLY ISO
HEXYL CYANO ACRYLATE (PIHCA)NANOPARTICLE
Administered in 21 patients
with refractory solid
tumours. A total of 32
courses at 28 days intervals
administered at 6 dose
levels
Dose:15,30, 45, 60, 75, 90
mg/m2.
It is given as 10 minute
infusion on day1 to first 5
patients two shown allergic
reactions rapidly reversible
once drug discontinued.
In other 16 patients
administered 60 minute IV
infusion diluted with
dextrose 5%.
DOX PIHCA
INCORPORATED
INTO
RESULTS: 1-patient showed allergic reaction.
9-patient showed fever, vomiting.
6-patients no side effects.
No cardiac toxicity among 18 evaluable patients
Haematological toxicity at 75 & 90 mg/m2
doses
CONCLUSION: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of DXR-PIHCA in 3 patient compared with
free DXR given in same condition. Count of surviving patients increased at 2-6 years.
Increased life survival.

22. CONCLUSION
• Nanoparticles are safe &
efficacious in targeted drug
delivery of anti-cancer drugs.
• Markers play the most
important role in target binding
& prolonged action.
• It proves that nanoparticle can
minimize the side effects &
increase life of patient/survival.
• Targeted drug delivery using
nanotechnology opens a new era
in cancer therapy.

23. REFERENCES
• Research & review in pharmacy & pharmaceutical
sciences, Shiva Sharma-Dept of pharmaceutics,
Chandigarh college of pharmacy, Punjab, India.
• PubMed. nanomolecular based drug delivery system
for anti-cancer drug targeting & treatment.
• http://www.nanobotmodels.com Frank Gu research
group, university of waterloo,
http://nanomedicine.waterloo.co.dept
• PMID-28952882, Madden AJ etal, nanomedicine.
• PMID-25146439, Jain V etal, 2015. PubMed
• Biopharmaceutics & pharmacokinetics-Brahmankar