The document discusses the three types of words in Arabic: ism (nouns), fi'l (verbs), and harf (particles). It provides definitions and examples of each. It also explains the three forms of status that indicate a word's role in a sentence: raf' (subject), nasb (object), and jarr (possessive). The document teaches how to identify the status of a word based on its ending patterns and provides practice identifying and assigning status to Arabic words.
The document discusses two types of sentences in Arabic: verbal sentences and nominal sentences. Verbal sentences start with a verb and have two main parts - the doer and the verb. Nominal sentences start with a noun and have two main parts - the subject noun and a predicate providing information about the subject. Examples are provided of sentences with agreement in gender, number, and case between the subject and predicate. An exception is noted for plural non-human subjects treated as feminine singular.
Arabic grammar: How to identify The ٱلْفاعِلُ (the subject) in a sentence. abd5050
This document provides information on identifying subjects in Arabic grammar:
- The subject is the noun that performs the verb's action and comes after the verb.
- To identify singular subjects, look for nouns after the verb with dammah or tanween on the last letter.
- Dual subjects lose final dammah and add ُِان. Plural masculine subjects add ُون to the end.
- Examples are given to demonstrate identifying subjects in singular, dual, and plural masculine forms.
There are three types of words in Arabic: ism, fi'l, and harf. Isms are nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and have meaning but no tense. Fi'ls are verbs that have meaning and tense. Harfs are connecting words that have no meaning on their own. Words can be identified as isms, fi'ls, or harfs based on their endings and properties like status, number, and gender. The status of a word indicates if it is a subject, object, or possessive and is identified by certain endings.
Arabic grammar 2: ¨ Basics on verbs ¨ illustrates the necessary details that every Arabic learner should know, and serve beside the previous slides ¨ Arabic grammar 1: Basic son nouns ¨ as a good background to move towards deep knowledge in Arabic grammar.
This document contains Arabic vocabulary words organized into categories including occupations, descriptions, body parts, computers, places, days, and daily life. Words include professions like police, teacher, postman, engineer; descriptors like new, old, large, small; body parts like face, knee, nails, foot; computer terms like CD, printer, screen, mouse; locations like garden, library, bank, post office, school; days like tomorrow, yesterday, today, week; and household items like door, chair, bed, mirror. The vocabulary aims to teach basic Arabic terms.
This document provides an introduction to and overview of the first chapter of the textbook "Basic Arabic Grammar: Part A". The chapter focuses on forming basic nominal sentences in Arabic. It discusses definite and indefinite nouns and adjectives, and how they are used in nominal sentences of the form "subject is/are predicate". It also introduces the singular detached pronouns that can replace nouns as subjects, and the conjunction "and" which can join multiple predicates or nominal sentences. Several example sentences are provided to illustrate these concepts.
The document discusses two types of sentences in Arabic: verbal sentences and nominal sentences. Verbal sentences start with a verb and have two main parts - the doer and the verb. Nominal sentences start with a noun and have two main parts - the subject noun and a predicate providing information about the subject. Examples are provided of sentences with agreement in gender, number, and case between the subject and predicate. An exception is noted for plural non-human subjects treated as feminine singular.
Arabic grammar: How to identify The ٱلْفاعِلُ (the subject) in a sentence. abd5050
This document provides information on identifying subjects in Arabic grammar:
- The subject is the noun that performs the verb's action and comes after the verb.
- To identify singular subjects, look for nouns after the verb with dammah or tanween on the last letter.
- Dual subjects lose final dammah and add ُِان. Plural masculine subjects add ُون to the end.
- Examples are given to demonstrate identifying subjects in singular, dual, and plural masculine forms.
There are three types of words in Arabic: ism, fi'l, and harf. Isms are nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and have meaning but no tense. Fi'ls are verbs that have meaning and tense. Harfs are connecting words that have no meaning on their own. Words can be identified as isms, fi'ls, or harfs based on their endings and properties like status, number, and gender. The status of a word indicates if it is a subject, object, or possessive and is identified by certain endings.
Arabic grammar 2: ¨ Basics on verbs ¨ illustrates the necessary details that every Arabic learner should know, and serve beside the previous slides ¨ Arabic grammar 1: Basic son nouns ¨ as a good background to move towards deep knowledge in Arabic grammar.
This document contains Arabic vocabulary words organized into categories including occupations, descriptions, body parts, computers, places, days, and daily life. Words include professions like police, teacher, postman, engineer; descriptors like new, old, large, small; body parts like face, knee, nails, foot; computer terms like CD, printer, screen, mouse; locations like garden, library, bank, post office, school; days like tomorrow, yesterday, today, week; and household items like door, chair, bed, mirror. The vocabulary aims to teach basic Arabic terms.
This document provides an introduction to and overview of the first chapter of the textbook "Basic Arabic Grammar: Part A". The chapter focuses on forming basic nominal sentences in Arabic. It discusses definite and indefinite nouns and adjectives, and how they are used in nominal sentences of the form "subject is/are predicate". It also introduces the singular detached pronouns that can replace nouns as subjects, and the conjunction "and" which can join multiple predicates or nominal sentences. Several example sentences are provided to illustrate these concepts.
This document provides an introduction and guidelines for learning Arabic verbs using the included textbook. It explains that Arabic conjugation is relatively simple, with only two tenses, but that weak letters can make verbs more complex. It recommends starting with strong verbs and gradually incorporating weaker forms. The common conjugation system is presented on a single page with prefixes and suffixes to memorize. Exercises are included to practice conjugating new verbs based on examples. Mastering the present tense and its variations is emphasized as key to understanding how verbs are used.
Arabic 3: Basics on the nominal sentence Mohamed ZAIM
¨ Arabic 3: Basics on the nominal sentence ¨ is the first step to live a sentence in Arabic. You will find all necessary details that help understanding well the function of each part of it and so knowing deep the secret meaning and grammar that such lovely sentence carries. The slides are available also beside others on my blog:
www.alif-zaim.blogspot.com > ¨Grammar Slideshare¨ section cross column on right. Enjoy !
The document provides information about Arabic pronouns and possession. It includes:
1) Tables listing the subject pronouns and determinative possessive pronouns in Arabic, including singular, dual, and plural forms.
2) Examples of using pronouns to say "I am a boy" and "He is a boy".
3) An explanation of dual pronouns referring to two people.
Arabic grammar 1: Basics on nouns that any Classical Arabic and/or Modern Standard Arabic learner should know to be prepared for future grammar studies.
Medina Arabic - book 1 (translated notes)Zaffer Khan
This document provides an overview of demonstrative pronouns, possessive constructions, and other grammatical concepts in Arabic. It discusses:
1) Demonstrative pronouns which indicate proximity and change form based on gender and number.
2) The possessive construction which shows belonging using a possessed noun followed by a possessor noun.
3) Other topics covered include vocative particles, genitive prepositions, relative and detached pronouns, verbs, numbers and more.
4) Various grammatical forms are illustrated through examples to demonstrate how they change based on concepts like gender, number, definiteness.
1) The document discusses Arabic grammar rules related to nouns, including the different types of nouns and their properties.
2) Nouns can be masculine or feminine, singular, dual or plural, rational or irrational, definite or indefinite. They can also take certain prefixes or suffixes to indicate these properties.
3) Other topics discussed include pronouns, verbs, particles that indicate gender and distance for nouns, and idafa possessive constructions.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This document contains Arabic vocabulary words organized into lessons. Lesson 1 introduces basic words like house, mosque, book. Lesson 2 introduces imam and stone. Lesson 3 contrasts adjectives like rich and poor, tall and short. Lesson 4 introduces words about locations like where, room, bathroom, kitchen and prepositions like in and on. The document appears to be from a primer teaching basic Arabic vocabulary.
This document provides an overview of parts of speech and grammatical concepts in Arabic. It discusses:
- The three main parts of speech in Arabic: noun (ism), verb (fi'l), and particle (harf).
- Arabic nouns have different endings (vowel signs on the last letter) to indicate their grammatical function in a sentence as the subject (nominative case), object (accusative case), or possessor (genitive case).
- Vowel signs in Arabic and their representation of short vowels - fatah for a, kasrah for i, dammah for u, and sukun to indicate absence of a vowel.
- Def
Lesson 11 | Types of Sentences in Arabic Lesson | Learn Arabic to Understand ...E-Learning Centre
The document discusses the sentence in Arabic and the two types of sentences: nominal and verbal. A nominal sentence begins with a noun and has two parts, a subject (al-mubtada) and a predicate (al-khabar) which both take the nominative case. The subject is the noun at the beginning of the sentence and the predicate provides a description of the subject. Examples of nominal sentences are provided to demonstrate these concepts.
Lesson 6 | Attached Pronouns | Learn Arabic for AllaahE-Learning Centre
This document provides an overview of attached pronouns in Arabic. It begins by welcoming students to a lesson on pronouns. It then lists the different attached pronouns based on person and number, and provides their English meanings. Examples are given of how attached pronouns are used with prepositions and to indicate possession. Finally, some detached pronouns used with prepositions like "for" are presented. The document thus introduces students to a core concept in Arabic grammar around different types of pronouns.
For the board examination, detailed notes of Asan Sindhi with MCQs, short and long answers, I hope it will facilitate you in preparation for your examination.
The document provides an overview of Tajweed, which is the rules of recitation of the Qur'an. It discusses Arabic alphabets and pronunciation, symbols used in recitation, and the different chapters of the Qur'an. It also summarizes key aspects of Arabic grammar including the different parts of a meaningful word (noun, verb, preposition), types of nouns (gender, number), and pronouns. Additionally, it covers topics like vowels, sun and moon letters, and prepositions. The document thus serves as a comprehensive introduction to the principles and structure of both Qur'anic recitation and Arabic grammar.
Getting your IELTS writing corrected by a professional is one of the effective ways to improve your writing. I will check your writing and give you feedback on errors and ways to improve your writing. My correction service includes task 2 essays, task 1 academic reports, and task 1 general letters. Receive valuable feedback on your mistakes from an IELTS examiner.
English 6-dlp-54-using-words-as-adjective adverbAlice Failano
This document provides guidance on using words as adjectives or adverbs. It contains examples of words used as both and activities for learners to identify the part of speech. Learners are asked to determine if underlined words in sentences modify nouns or verbs, and thus are being used as adjectives or adverbs. The document also contains guidance on forming adverbs from adjectives using "-ly" and choosing the correct word form based on its use.
الشاطبية في نقاط مختصرة سؤال وجواب الجزء الأول سمير بسيوني
هذه أسئلة وأجوبة كنت قد اعددتها من سنوات عام 2008م في ابتداء دراستها ونشرتها في منتديات القراءات العشر وتناقلها الكثير على عدة منتديات، في دراسة لمبتدئ وتذكرة لمنتهي ، وأسأل الله أن ينفع بها ويتقبلها ... آمين
سمير بن عبدالرحيم علي بسيوني
There are three types of words in Arabic: ism, fi'l, and harf. Isms are nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and have meaning but no tense. Fi'ls are verbs that have meaning and tense. Harfs are connecting words that have no meaning on their own. Each word has a status (raf, nasb, or jarr) that is identified by its ending vowels or combinations. Isms can also have properties of number, gender, and type.
The document discusses key concepts in Arabic grammar including the three types of words in Arabic - ism (noun), fi'l (verb), and harf (particle). It explains the four properties of every ism - status, number, gender, and type. Status refers to the role of a word in a sentence and can be rafa' (nominative), nasb (accusative), or jarr (genitive). The document also presents the Muslim chart, which outlines the different forms an ism can take based on its number, gender, and status. It provides examples of applying these grammatical rules to analyze Arabic words and sentences.
This document provides an introduction and guidelines for learning Arabic verbs using the included textbook. It explains that Arabic conjugation is relatively simple, with only two tenses, but that weak letters can make verbs more complex. It recommends starting with strong verbs and gradually incorporating weaker forms. The common conjugation system is presented on a single page with prefixes and suffixes to memorize. Exercises are included to practice conjugating new verbs based on examples. Mastering the present tense and its variations is emphasized as key to understanding how verbs are used.
Arabic 3: Basics on the nominal sentence Mohamed ZAIM
¨ Arabic 3: Basics on the nominal sentence ¨ is the first step to live a sentence in Arabic. You will find all necessary details that help understanding well the function of each part of it and so knowing deep the secret meaning and grammar that such lovely sentence carries. The slides are available also beside others on my blog:
www.alif-zaim.blogspot.com > ¨Grammar Slideshare¨ section cross column on right. Enjoy !
The document provides information about Arabic pronouns and possession. It includes:
1) Tables listing the subject pronouns and determinative possessive pronouns in Arabic, including singular, dual, and plural forms.
2) Examples of using pronouns to say "I am a boy" and "He is a boy".
3) An explanation of dual pronouns referring to two people.
Arabic grammar 1: Basics on nouns that any Classical Arabic and/or Modern Standard Arabic learner should know to be prepared for future grammar studies.
Medina Arabic - book 1 (translated notes)Zaffer Khan
This document provides an overview of demonstrative pronouns, possessive constructions, and other grammatical concepts in Arabic. It discusses:
1) Demonstrative pronouns which indicate proximity and change form based on gender and number.
2) The possessive construction which shows belonging using a possessed noun followed by a possessor noun.
3) Other topics covered include vocative particles, genitive prepositions, relative and detached pronouns, verbs, numbers and more.
4) Various grammatical forms are illustrated through examples to demonstrate how they change based on concepts like gender, number, definiteness.
1) The document discusses Arabic grammar rules related to nouns, including the different types of nouns and their properties.
2) Nouns can be masculine or feminine, singular, dual or plural, rational or irrational, definite or indefinite. They can also take certain prefixes or suffixes to indicate these properties.
3) Other topics discussed include pronouns, verbs, particles that indicate gender and distance for nouns, and idafa possessive constructions.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This document contains Arabic vocabulary words organized into lessons. Lesson 1 introduces basic words like house, mosque, book. Lesson 2 introduces imam and stone. Lesson 3 contrasts adjectives like rich and poor, tall and short. Lesson 4 introduces words about locations like where, room, bathroom, kitchen and prepositions like in and on. The document appears to be from a primer teaching basic Arabic vocabulary.
This document provides an overview of parts of speech and grammatical concepts in Arabic. It discusses:
- The three main parts of speech in Arabic: noun (ism), verb (fi'l), and particle (harf).
- Arabic nouns have different endings (vowel signs on the last letter) to indicate their grammatical function in a sentence as the subject (nominative case), object (accusative case), or possessor (genitive case).
- Vowel signs in Arabic and their representation of short vowels - fatah for a, kasrah for i, dammah for u, and sukun to indicate absence of a vowel.
- Def
Lesson 11 | Types of Sentences in Arabic Lesson | Learn Arabic to Understand ...E-Learning Centre
The document discusses the sentence in Arabic and the two types of sentences: nominal and verbal. A nominal sentence begins with a noun and has two parts, a subject (al-mubtada) and a predicate (al-khabar) which both take the nominative case. The subject is the noun at the beginning of the sentence and the predicate provides a description of the subject. Examples of nominal sentences are provided to demonstrate these concepts.
Lesson 6 | Attached Pronouns | Learn Arabic for AllaahE-Learning Centre
This document provides an overview of attached pronouns in Arabic. It begins by welcoming students to a lesson on pronouns. It then lists the different attached pronouns based on person and number, and provides their English meanings. Examples are given of how attached pronouns are used with prepositions and to indicate possession. Finally, some detached pronouns used with prepositions like "for" are presented. The document thus introduces students to a core concept in Arabic grammar around different types of pronouns.
For the board examination, detailed notes of Asan Sindhi with MCQs, short and long answers, I hope it will facilitate you in preparation for your examination.
The document provides an overview of Tajweed, which is the rules of recitation of the Qur'an. It discusses Arabic alphabets and pronunciation, symbols used in recitation, and the different chapters of the Qur'an. It also summarizes key aspects of Arabic grammar including the different parts of a meaningful word (noun, verb, preposition), types of nouns (gender, number), and pronouns. Additionally, it covers topics like vowels, sun and moon letters, and prepositions. The document thus serves as a comprehensive introduction to the principles and structure of both Qur'anic recitation and Arabic grammar.
Getting your IELTS writing corrected by a professional is one of the effective ways to improve your writing. I will check your writing and give you feedback on errors and ways to improve your writing. My correction service includes task 2 essays, task 1 academic reports, and task 1 general letters. Receive valuable feedback on your mistakes from an IELTS examiner.
English 6-dlp-54-using-words-as-adjective adverbAlice Failano
This document provides guidance on using words as adjectives or adverbs. It contains examples of words used as both and activities for learners to identify the part of speech. Learners are asked to determine if underlined words in sentences modify nouns or verbs, and thus are being used as adjectives or adverbs. The document also contains guidance on forming adverbs from adjectives using "-ly" and choosing the correct word form based on its use.
الشاطبية في نقاط مختصرة سؤال وجواب الجزء الأول سمير بسيوني
هذه أسئلة وأجوبة كنت قد اعددتها من سنوات عام 2008م في ابتداء دراستها ونشرتها في منتديات القراءات العشر وتناقلها الكثير على عدة منتديات، في دراسة لمبتدئ وتذكرة لمنتهي ، وأسأل الله أن ينفع بها ويتقبلها ... آمين
سمير بن عبدالرحيم علي بسيوني
There are three types of words in Arabic: ism, fi'l, and harf. Isms are nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and have meaning but no tense. Fi'ls are verbs that have meaning and tense. Harfs are connecting words that have no meaning on their own. Each word has a status (raf, nasb, or jarr) that is identified by its ending vowels or combinations. Isms can also have properties of number, gender, and type.
The document discusses key concepts in Arabic grammar including the three types of words in Arabic - ism (noun), fi'l (verb), and harf (particle). It explains the four properties of every ism - status, number, gender, and type. Status refers to the role of a word in a sentence and can be rafa' (nominative), nasb (accusative), or jarr (genitive). The document also presents the Muslim chart, which outlines the different forms an ism can take based on its number, gender, and status. It provides examples of applying these grammatical rules to analyze Arabic words and sentences.
This document provides an overview of nouns in Arabic. It explains that Arabic words can be nouns, verbs, or particles. It then discusses the different types of nouns like proper nouns, nouns with al- defined by, and possessive nouns. The document also covers how to identify a noun based on features like tanween endings or prepositions. Finally, it distinguishes between definite and indefinite nouns, as well as conjugated nouns that change form versus nouns that have one consistent form like pronouns.
Arabic nouns have endings to indicate their grammatical function in a sentence, similar to how we change our clothes based on the occasion. There are three noun endings: dammah, fatah, and kasrah. Dammah indicates the nominative case and subject. Fatah indicates the accusative case and object. Kasrah indicates the genitive case and comes after prepositions, adverbs, or to show possession. Memorizing the Arabic terms for these cases is important for understanding noun functions in Arabic sentences.
The document discusses Arabic grammar and verbal sentences. It provides definitions and examples of two main parts of Arabic grammar: Sarf (deriving words from root letters) and Nahw (forming pairs and sentences using different words). The document focuses on verbal sentences, providing examples of changing subjects and verbs to be singular, plural, or feminine. It also discusses using the word "inna" to change the state of the first noun in a sentence to the accusative case.
This document provides an overview of Arabic grammar concepts including isim ma'rifah (definite noun), isim nakirah (indefinite noun), harf nida' (vocative particle), idhofah (genitive construction), and detached and attached pronouns. It defines these terms and provides examples from the Quran to illustrate their usage. Key points include that isim ma'rifah begins with alif lam while isim nakirah does not, harf nida' makes the following noun definite, and idhofah shows possession or a relationship between two nouns.
This document provides an introduction to basic Arabic greetings and introductions.
It includes a table with the Arabic alphabet, letters, names, and examples. It also lists common greetings in Arabic like "Marhabaa" (Welcome), "Ahlan wa Sahlan" (Welcome), and "Assalaamu Alaykum" (Peace be upon you).
Finally, it provides examples of basic introductions and questions like "What is your name?" and responses for identifying one's name, occupation, and asking the same about the other person.
This document provides an introduction and explanation for a booklet that lists and defines the most common words found in the Quran. It explains that the booklet covers over 80% of the total words in the Quran and provides the most common meanings for each word. It also outlines the organization and methodology used in compiling the word lists and verb conjugations in the booklet to help readers understand and memorize the Quranic vocabulary.
The document provides definitions for various grammatical terms in Arabic. It defines different types of nouns like definite nouns, verbal nouns, nouns after prepositions. It also defines parts of speech like verbs, pronouns, prepositions. Additionally, it covers grammatical concepts like plural forms, sentences structures, and particles that affect grammar rules. The document serves as a reference for students to understand key terms used in Arabic grammar.
This document provides an overview of פִּעֵל verbs in Biblical Hebrew. It begins with introductory sections on abbreviations and how to use פִּעֵל verbs. The main sections discuss recognizing פִּעֵל verbs based on their form, and forming פִּעֵל verbs by applying the correct prefixes, suffixes and vowel patterns. Key aspects are the presence of a dagesh in the second root letter and variations caused by gutturals or resh in the root.
The document discusses the makhaarij (places of articulation) of Arabic letters from which sounds emanate when pronouncing each letter. It explains that the 29 letters of the Arabic alphabet are pronounced from 17 different makhaarij in the throat, palate, teeth or lips. It provides a table listing the place of articulation, names and corresponding letters for each category of makhaarij. The purpose is to understand proper pronunciation of each letter according to its unique place of origin in the mouth.
This document provides an Arabic language lesson on three letters: Jeem, Hā', and Khā'. It discusses the formation, articulation point (makhraj), and diacritic marks for each letter. It also includes vocabulary words, writing practice, and grammar related to each letter. Homework is assigned. The lesson is part of an introductory Arabic language course.
This document provides an overview of the hif'il verb form in Biblical Hebrew. It begins with introductions and checks of prerequisite knowledge. Then it outlines the basic patterns of the hif'il verb, including its distinctive prefixed u-class vowel. Examples are given of how to recognize the hif'il in the perfect, imperfect, and participles. Notable variations for certain root types are also explained. The goal is to supplement classroom learning about this infrequent but important verb form.
This document provides a summary of an 80% word list of the Quran compiled by Dr. Abdulazeez Abdulraheem. It notes that if a person masters these word lists, they would only need to know 2 out of every 9 words on average in the Quran. The first 6 pages contain words that occur very frequently and make up 41.5% of the total words in the Quran. Each word is provided with its number of occurrences and common meanings to help with memorization and understanding of the Quran. Additional information and guidelines are also included to aid in using this word list to learn the Quran.
This document provides an overview of the second lesson of an Arabic language course. It introduces the letters Bā', Tā', and Thā' including their place of articulation, diacritic marks, vocabulary, writing practice, and grammar. Key information about each letter is given such as sounding like the 'b' in 'baby' for Bā'. Example words are provided to demonstrate writing and pronunciation. The lesson concludes with a review of letter formation based on position in a word.
This document provides a summary of the structure of noun phrases in Zahrani Spoken Arabic. It discusses how a noun phrase can contain a noun or pronoun as the head, and can include modifiers like adjectives, numerals, quantifiers and demonstratives, which usually follow the head noun. Adjectives and numerals show agreement with the noun in features like gender, number and definiteness when following the noun. When preceding the noun, adjectives and numerals do not show agreement. Cardinal numbers can either agree with the noun or not, while ordinal numbers do not agree when preceding the noun. The paper analyzes the structures and agreement patterns of noun phrases in detail.
How to understand the quran without knowledge of grammar.pdfSharjeel Aslam Faiz
Many people have difficulty in understanding Quranic Grammar. They resort to taking courses or watching lengthy videos. I did that too. But there is an easy way out to understand the Quran. This document will help you understand the Quran without knowing any grammar.
This document provides an Arabic language lesson on four letters: Dāl, Dhāl, Rā', and Zā'. For each letter, it gives the formation, articulation point (makhraj), how to read it with diacritic marks, vocabulary practice, writing practice, and homework. It explains how the shape of each letter changes depending on its position within a word. Key concepts are defined such as interdental and gingival letters. Example words are provided to demonstrate writing and usage of each letter. The overall purpose is to teach students how to properly form, pronounce and write these four Arabic letters.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Nahw +10 day+wb+final
1. Dream Worldwide 1
Three Kinds of Words in Arabic
There are three kinds of words in Arabic:
1) Ism: The name of a person, place, thing, idea, adjective,
adverb and more.
2) Fi’l: A word that has a tense (past, present or future)
3) Harf: A word that makes no sense unless another word
comes after it.
Write the alternative definitions for these words below:
1) Ism:
2) Fi’l:
3) Harf:
Identify whether the words in the table below are isms, fi’ls or harfs.
table cats in
Dallas of loudly
jumps peace tall
from slept soundly
on freedom red
a Makkah mother
at students rollercoaster
cake typing house
country America smiles
2. Dream Worldwide 2
Every ism has four properties.
Write the four properties of the ism here
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Three Forms of Status
(SUBJECT) Doer of the act: ر
َ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻊ
/
ﻣ
َ
ﺮ
ْ
ﻓ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ع Raf (R)
(OBJECT) Detail of the act: ﻧ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﺐ
/
ﻣ
َ
ﻨ
ْ
ﺼ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ب Nasb (N)
(POSSESSIVE) Word after ‘of’: ﺟ
َ
ﺮ
ّ
/
ﻣ
َ
ْ
ﺮ
ُ
و
ْ
ر Jarr (J)
Examples:
A teacher entered the classroom.
A student of his was sleeping soundly.
The teacher threw a pencil.
The teacher’s student woke up suddenly.
R N
R J N
R N
J R N
3. Dream Worldwide 3
Three forms of status. Place an R, N, or J over the highlighted words.
1) My teacher drinks chocolate milk regularly.
2) He doesn’t like vegetables or fruits.
3) He buys his chocolate milk happily.
4) He knows his children like it, but he doesn’t share.
5) My teacher also likes yummy shawarmas.
6) His students also like shawarmas.
7) He buys shawarmas for his class sometimes.
8) My teacher loses his phone often.
9) My teacher patiently explains hard concepts.
10) May Allah (swt) forgive my teachers.
4. Dream Worldwide 4
How To Tell Status
ر
َ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻊ Raf’ Recognition:
◌
ُ (u) or◌
ٌ (un) ending for singular
ا (aa) or ا
ن
ِ (aani) ending for pair
و (oo) or و
ن
َ
(oona) ending for plural
آ
ت
ُ
(aatu) or آ
ت
ٌ
(aatun) ending for plural feminine
ﻧ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﺐ Nasb Recognition:
◌
َ (a) or ◌
ً (an) ending for singular
◌
َ
ي
ْ (ay) or ◌
َ
ﻳ
ْ
ﻦ
ِ (ayni) ending for pair
◌
ِ
ي
ْ (ee) or ◌
ِ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻦ
َ (eena) ending for plural
آ
ت
ِ (aati) or آ
ت
ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine
ﺟ
َ
ﺮ
ّ Jarr Recognition:
◌
ِ (i) or ◌
ٍ (in) ending for singular
◌
َ
ي
ْ (ay) or ◌
َ
ﻳ
ْ
ﻦ
ِ (ayni) ending for pair
◌
ِ
ي
ْ (ee) or ◌
ِ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻦ
َ (eena) ending for plural
آ
ت
ِ (aati) or آ
ت
ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine
8. Dream Worldwide 8
There are only FOUR reasons for an ism to be light. Write them
below as we learn them:
1)
2)
3)
4)
9. Dream Worldwide 9
Flexibility
There are three categories of flexibility:
1) Fully flexible
• Most isms are fully flexible.
• Can be heavy or light.
• Can show all statuses ( ر
َ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻊ , ﻧ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﺐ , and ﺟ
َ
ﺮ
ّ )
• Muslim chart on page 6
2) Non Flexible
• Only have one form.
• Looks the same in all statuses.
• Some words that are non-flexible:
o Words ending in alif eg: د
ُ
ﻏ
ْ
ﻴ
َ
ﺎ
ﻣ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
n
َ
o Single & Plural ism mowsool (listed below)
ا
˜
B
ِ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻦ
َ
the ones who(m)
ا
˜
B
َ
ا
ن
ِ *
the two who(m)
ا
˜
B
ِ
ي
ْ
the one who(m)
ا
ﻻ
B
k
ِ
ْ
/
ا
ﻻ
B
š
ِ
ْ
the ones who(f)
ا
ﻛ
B
َ
ﺎ
ن
ِ *
the two who(f)
ا
ﻟ
B
ﺘ
ِ
ْ
the one who(f)
*Partly Flexible
ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
Whoever(m)
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
Whatever(m/f)
o The singular and the plural pointing words
ﻫ
َ
ﺬ
َ
ا , ﻫ
َ
ﺬ
ِ
ه
ِ , ﻫ
َ
ﺆ
ُ
ﻻ
َ
ء
ِ , ذ
َ
ﻟ
ِ
ﻚ
َ
, ﺗ
ِ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻚ
َ
, أ
ُ
و
ْ
ﺤ
َٰ
ِ
ﻚ
َ
3) Partly Flexible
• Cannot be heavy and cannot take a kasrah at the end.
• Has two forms: one for ر
َ
ﻓ
ْ
ﻊ and one form for ﻧ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﺐ and ﺟ
َ
ﺮ
ّ
11. Dream Worldwide 11
Number
1) Normal masculine plural (Muslim chart)
2) Normal feminine plural (Muslim chart)
3) Human broken plural
4) Non-human broken plural
5) Plural by meaning (Eg: people ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
س
ٌ
, generation ﻗ
َ
ﺮ
ْ
ن
ٌ
, nation ﻗ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
م
ٌ )
Broken Plurals
BPs don’t have plural endings like those in the Muslim chart. Broken
plurals have ending sounds. They can only be identified through
vocabulary, otherwise they look singular.
Human Broken Plurals:
• BPs representing intelligent beings. eg: ﻋ
ُ
ﻠ
َ
ﻤ
َ
ﺂ
ء
ُ , ر
ُ
ﺳ
ُ
ﻞ
ٌ
, ﻣ
َ
ﻼ
َ
ﺋ
ِ
ﻜ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
• Treated as “she” or what they really are “they”.
Non-Human Broken Plural
• BPs representing non intelligent beings. Eg: ﻛ
ُ
ﺘ
ُ
ﺐ
ٌ ﻣ
َ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ﺟ
ِ
ﺪ
ُ
ﻛ
ِ
َ
ب
ٌ
ALL non-human plurals (broken or not) are treated as a “she”.
Word Meaning Treatment? Word Meaning Treatment?
1. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻜ
َ
ﺬ
ِ
ّ
ﺑ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ the perpetual
liars
plural 9. آ
ﻳ
َ
ﺎ
ت
ٌ miraculous
signs
sing, fem
2. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ِ
ﺒ
َ
ﺎ
ل
َ the
mountains
10. ﺑ
َ
ﺸ
َ
ٌ a person
3. و
ُ
ﺟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ه
ٌ faces 11. ا
ﻟ
َْ
ﺤ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻢ
َ hellfire
4. ﻧ
ِ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ء
َ women 12. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻞ
ِ
the
elephant
5. ا
ﻛ
ْ
ِ
ﺤ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ُ seas 13. ا
ﻷ
ْ
َ
ر
ْ
ض
ُ
the earth
6. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﺘ
َ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ
ﻓ
ِ
ﺴ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ those who
race/compete
14. أ
َ
ﻗ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﺎ
ل
ٌ
deeds
7. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻘ
ُ
ﺒ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ر
ِ the graves 15. ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﻼ
َ
ﺋ
ِ
ﻜ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
the angels
8. ا
ﻛ
ْ
َ
ﻴ
ِ
ّ
ﻨ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
clear proof 16. ر
َ
ﺟ
ُ
ﻠ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ two men
12. Dream Worldwide 12
FEMININE BECAUSE THE ARABS SAID SO…
During a ﺣ
َ
ﺮ
ْ
ب , a soldier was daydreaming looking up at the ﺳ
َ
ﻤ
َ
ﺂ
ء until
the ﺷ
َ
ﻤ
ْ
ﺲ came up. When he snapped out of it, he realized he was the
only ﻏ
َ
ﻔ
ْ
ﺲ left on the battlefield. He was surrounded by ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
ر so he used a
د
َ
ﻟ
ْ
ﻮ full of water to make a ﺳ
َ
ﺒ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻞ and a ﻃ
َ
ﺮ
ِ
ﻳ
ْ
ﻖ all the way to safer أ
َ
ر
ْ
ض . In
the hot blowing ر
ِ
ﻳ
ْ
ﺢ he was desperately looking for a ﺑ
ِ
ﺌ
ْ
to draw water
from. In his search, he found an empty د
َ
ا
ر inside which he finds a ﻛ
َ
ﺄ
ْ
س
full of ﺧ
َ
ْ
ﺮ . He is tempted despite his fear of ﺟ
َ
ﻬ
َ
ﻨ
B
ﻢ and ا
ﻟ
ﺴ
B
ﻌ
ِ
ﻴ to take a sip
but wards off his temptation and uses his ﻋ
َ
ﺼ
َ
ﺎ to strike the drink.
13. Dream Worldwide 13
Gender
Masculine
• Default
Feminine
• Real Feminine eg: أ
ُ
م
· (mother) ﻧ
َ
ﻘ
َ
ﺮ
َ
ة
ٌ
(cow)
• Fake Feminine
o ة ى
ٰ آ
ء (in some cases)
o Non-Human Broken Plurals
o Proper name of places
o Body parts in pairs
o Because the Arabs said so (pg. 12)
Word Meaning
How’s it
treated?
Word Meaning
How’s it
treated?
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻜ
َ
ﺬ
ِ
ّ
ﺑ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ the perpetual liars plural, masc آ
ﻳ
َ
ﺎ
ت
ٌ
miraculous signs sing, fem
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ِ
ﺒ
َ
ﺎ
ل
َ
the mountains ﺑ
َ
ﺸ
َ
ٌ a person
و
ُ
ﺟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ه
ٌ faces ا
ﻟ
َْ
ﺤ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻢ
َ hellfire
ﻧ
ِ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ء
َ women ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻞ
ِ the elephant
ا
ﻛ
ْ
ِ
ﺤ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ُ seas ا
ﻷ
ْ
َ
ر
ْ
ض
ُ
the earth
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﺘ
َ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ
ﻓ
ِ
ﺴ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ those who
race/compete
أ
َ
ﻗ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﺎ
ل
ٌ
deeds
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻘ
ُ
ﺒ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ر
ِ the graves ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﻼ
َ
ﺋ
ِ
ﻜ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
the angels
ا
ﻛ
ْ
َ
ﻴ
ِ
ّ
ﻨ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
clear proof ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻴ
ُ
ﺴ
ْ
َ
ى
ٰ the easiest
ر
ُ
ﺳ
ُ
ﻞ
ٌ
messengers ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ٍ a fire
ا
ﻟ
ﺴ
B
ﺎ
ﺋ
ِ
ﻞ
َ
the one who asks ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﺆ
ْ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻨ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ the believers
15. Dream Worldwide 15
Common vs. Proper
Common
• Default
7 Kinds of Proper
1) Words with ا
ل
2) Proper names
3) The one being called
4) Pronouns (page 18)
5) Ism Ishaarah (pointer words) eg: ﻫ
ﺬ
ه
ﺗ
ﻠ
ﻚ
َ
(page 30)
6) Ism Mowsool eg: ا
˜
B
ِ
ي
ْ
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
7) The word before “of” if the word after “of” is proper
For example, in the following ayaat, the highlighted words are
proper.
ا
ﻷ
ْ
ُ
و
ْ
¿
َ
ٰ ا
ﻟ
ﺼ
ُّ
ﺤ
ُ
ﻒ
ِ ﻟ
َ
ﻔ
ِ
ْ ﻫ
َٰ
ﺬ
َ
ا إ
ِ
ن
B
Indeed, this is in the former scriptures, (87:18)
ﻣ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
n
َ
ٰ و
َ إ
ِ
ﺑ
ْ
ﺮ
َ
ا
ﻫ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻢ
َ ﺻ
ُ
ﺤ
ُ
ﻒ
ِ The scriptures of Abraham and Moses. (87:19)
ا
ﻛ
ْ
َ
ﺘ
َ
ِ ﺑ
ِ
ﻬ
َٰ
ﺬ
َ
ا ﺣ
ِ
ﻞ
·
أ
َ
ﻧ
ﺖ
َ و
َ And you, [Muhammad], are free of restriction in this city (90:2)
و
َ
ﺳ
ُ
ﻘ
ْ
ﻴ
َ
ﺎ
ﻫ
َ
ﺎ ا
ﷲ
ِ ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
ﻗ
َ
ﺔ
َ
ا
ﷲ
ِ ر
َ
ﺳ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
ُ
ﻟ
َ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ﻓ
َ
ﻘ
َ
ﺎ
ل
َ
And the messenger of Allah [Salih] said to them, "[Do
not harm] the she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink." (91:13)
ﻳ
َ
ﺘ
َ
َ
ﻛ
B
ٰ ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
Æ
َ
ُ ﻳ
ُ
ﺆ
ْ
ﺗ
ِ
ْ ا
˜
B
ِ
ي
ْ [He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself (92:18)
19. Dream Worldwide 19
Write your pronoun notes here:
1) An independent pronoun is always in the __________ status
2) An attached pronoun is nasb in two cases:
i.
ii.
3) An attached pronoun is jarr in two cases:
i.
ii.
21. Dream Worldwide 21
Primary Rules for the Idhafah ( ا
ﻹ
ْ
ِ
ﺿ
َ
ﺎ
ﻓ
َ
ﺔ )
1. The ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف (word before “of”) should be:
a. Light
b. No alif-laam ( ا
ل )
2. The ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف
إ
ِ
É
َ
ْ
ﻪ
ِ (word after “of”) should be
a. In ﺟ
َ
ﺮ
ّ status
3. No long distance relationship
4. The last property of the ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف , type, is dictated by the ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف
إ
ِ
É
َ
ْ
ﻪ
ِ
5. Both the ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف and the ﻣ
ُ
ﻀ
َ
ﺎ
ف
إ
ِ
É
َ
ْ
ﻪ
ِ should be isms.
Basic Kinds of Idhafah
1. “of” translation eg: Imam of the masjid إ
ِ
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
م
ُ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﺴ
ْ
ﺠ
ِ
ﺪ
ِ
2. Pronoun attached to an ism eg: His house ﺑ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﺘ
ُ
ﻪ
ُ
3. Special Mudhafs eg: Under the earth ﺗ
َ
ْ
ﺖ
َ
ا
ﻷ
ْ
َ
ر
ْ
ض
ِ
22. Dream Worldwide 22
Special Mudhafs
(usually doesn’t give an “of” meaning)
Special Mudhafs below are by default nasb status
besides,
other than
د
ُ
و
ْ
ن
َ
below ﺗ
َ
ْ
ﺖ
َ above ﻓ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ق
َ
between ﺑ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
َ after ﻧ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
before ﻗ
َ
ﺒ
ْ
ﻞ
َ
around,
surrounding
ﺣ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
َ
with ﻣ
َ
ﻊ
َ with, at,
has,
by/beside
ﻋ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
especially
from
o
َ
ُ
ن
ْ
behind ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻒ
َ
in front of أ
َ
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
م
َ
behind,
beyond
و
َ
ر
َ
آ
ء
َ right in
front of
ﻗ
ُ
ﺪ
B
ا
م
َ
Special mudhafs below can be raf/nasb/jar status
which,
any
أ
َ
ي
ُّ other
than
ﻏ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ُ each, all,
every, the
whole
ﻛ
ُ
ُّ some,
some of
ﻧ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺾ
ُ
25. Dream Worldwide 25
Special Mudhaf Practice. Fill in the blanks with the correct meanings
1. ﺑ
ِ
ﻐ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ
ا
ﻟ
َْ
ﻖ
ِ
ّ ______________ the right justification
2. و
َ
ر
َ
آ
ﺋ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ all of you
3. ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻔ
ِ
ﻬ
ِ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ them
4. ﻓ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ق
َ
ا
ﺛ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﺘ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ ______________ two women
5. ﻗ
َ
ﺒ
ْ
ﻠ
ِ
ﻬ
ِ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ them
6. ﻧ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﻀ
ُ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ you all
7. ﺑ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ ______________ us
8. أ
َ
ﻓ
ُّ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ them
9. ﺑ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
َ
ا
ﻷ
ْ
ُ
ﺧ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ ______________ two sisters.
10. و
َ
ر
َ
آ
ء
َ
ذ
َٰ
ﻟ
ِ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ______________ that for all of you
11. o
َ
ُ
ﻧ
B
ﺎ ______________ behalf
12. ﻧ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﺮ
ِ
ﻳ
ْ
ﻀ
َ
ﺔ
ِ ______________ the obligation
13. د
ُ
و
ْ
ن
َ
ذ
َٰ
ﻟ
ِ
ﻚ
َ
______________ that
14. ﻋ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
ك
َ ______________ have
15. ﻓ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻗ
َ
ﻬ
َ
ﺎ ______________ her/it
16. ﺗ
َ
ْ
ﺖ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ﺸ
B
ﺠ
َ
ﺮ
َ
ة
ِ ______________ the tree.
17. ﺑ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻤ
َ
ﺎ ______________ both of them.
26. Dream Worldwide 26
Primary Rules for Mowsoof + Sifah
1. Mowsoof ( ﻣ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ﺻ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ف ) must be
a. First
b. Only one
2. Sifah ( ﺻ
ِ
ﻔ
َ
ﺔ )
a. Has the same 4 properties as the Mowsoof
b. Is after the Mowsoof
c. May be more than one
d. Can tolerate a long distance relationship
Note:
• The mowsoof is never a pronoun, pointer word, or ism mowsool
• The sifah is never a proper name, pronoun, or pointer word.
• Look out for non human plurals and their feminine sifahs. For example:
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻜ
ُ
ﺘ
ُ
ﺐ
ُ
ا
ﻟ
ﺼ
B
ﻐ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ
ة
ُ the small books ﺣ
َ
ﻘ
َ
ﺎ
ﺋ
ِ
ﺐ
ُ
ﺟ
َ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
ﺔ
ٌ
beautiful bags
Examples of Mowsoof Sifah. Write the 4 properties of the highlighted words
based on how they are treated.
a heavy word ﺛ
َ
ﻘ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻼ
ً
ﻗ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻻ
ً
the greatest calamity ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻜ
ُ
ﺒ
ْ
َ
ى
ٰ ا
ﻟ
ﻄ
B
ﺎ
ﻣ
B
ﺔ
ُ
purified scriptures ﻣ
ُّ
ﻄ
َ
ﻬ
B
ﺮ
َ
ة
ً
ﺻ
ُ
ﺤ
ُ
ﻔ
ً
ﺎ
a great test from your Lord ﻋ
َ
ﻈ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻢ
ٌ ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ر
َ
ﺑ
ِ
ّ ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ ﺑ
َ
ﻼ
َ
ء
ٌ
elevated beds ﻣ
B
ﺮ
ْ
ﻓ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻋ
َ
ﺔ
ٌ
ﺳ
ُ
ُ
ر
ٌ
like eaten straw ﻣ
B
ﺄ
ْ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
ٍ ﻌ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﻒ
ٍ ﻛ
َ
the great attainment ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻜ
َ
ﺒ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ُ ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ز
ُ
an intensely hot fire ﺣ
َ
ﺎ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻴ
َ
ﺔ
ٌ
ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ٌ
for two orphan boys ﻳ
َ
ﺘ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ ﻟ
ِ
ﻐ
ُ
ﻼ
َ
ﻣ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ
abundant gains ﻛ
َ
ﺜ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ
ة
ٌ
ﻣ
َ
ﻐ
َ
ﺎ
ﻧ
ِ
ﻢ
ُ
27. Dream Worldwide 27
Primary Rules for Harf of Jarr
1. The harf of jarr makes its ism jarr.
2. No long distance relationship.
3. There are 17 harf of jarr. We will learn 11 that are in the Quran.
4. The harf of jarr is called the ﺟ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ّ and the ism it makes jarr is the ﻣ
َ
ْ
ﺮ
ُ
و
ْ
ر
for/have
(pronoun ل
َ
all else ل
ِ )
ل
like
(comparison)
ك
َ swear by Allah
only
ت
َ
with ب
ِ
about/away from ﻗ
َ
ﻦ
ْ in/about ﻓِ
ْ from/because of
(not ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ )
ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ oath
(Not the و
َ for “and”)
و
َ
to/towards إ
ﻟ until (2) ﺣ
َ
k
B
on/upon/against ﻟ
َ
َ
Additional notes:
• When attached to a pronoun, the ل is pronounced ل
َ
otherwise it is ل
ِ .
For example: ﻟ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ vs. ﻟ
ِ
ﺮ
َ
ﺳ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
ٍ
• Don’t confuse the harf of jarr lam with the lam for emphasis. The lam for
emphasis does not make isms jarr. For example:
ﺠ
َ
َ
ﺤ
ْ
ﻦ
ُ – Most certainly, I swear to it, we. ﺠ
َ
َ
ﺎ – For us (harf of jarr).
• Don’t confuse the و
َ harf of jarr (for oaths only) with the connector و
َ
which means “and”
• When ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ and ﻗ
َ
ﻦ
ْ are attached to ﻣ
َ
ﺎ they are written as ﻣ
ِ
ﻤ
B
ﺎ and ﻗ
َ
ﻤ
B
ﺎ .
• When attached to a pronoun, إ
ِ
ﻟ
َ
and ﻟ
َ
َ
are pronounced with a ي
ْ . For
example: ﻋ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻪ
ِ or إ
ِ
É
َ
ْ
ﻚ
َ
Identify if the following are harf of jarr fragments
1. ﺑ
ِ
ﺎ
ﻟ
َْ
ﻖ
ِ
ّ 2. ﻛ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﻒ
ٍ
ﻣ
B
ﺄ
ْ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
ٍ 3. ﺑ
ِ
َ
ﻤ
ْ
ﺪ
ِ
ر
َ
ﺑ
ِ
ّ
ﻚ
َ
4. ﺑ
ِ
ِ
ﺠ
َ
ﺎ
ر
َ
ة
ٍ
ﻣ
ِ
ّ
ﻦ
ْ
ﺳ
ِ
ﺠ
ِ
ّ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻞ
ٍ
5. ﻟ
ِ
ﻜ
ُ
ِ
ّ
ﻫ
ُ
ﻤ
َ
ﺰ
َ
ة
ٍ 6. ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ﺧ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ف
ٍ 7. ﻓ
ِ
ْ
ﺟ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﺪ
ِ
ﻫ
َ
ﺎ 8. ﻓ
ِ
ْ
د
ِ
ﻳ
ﻦ
ِ
ا
ﷲ
ِ
9. ﻓ
ِ
ْ
ﻗ
َ
ﻤ
َ
ﺪ
ٍ
ﻣ
ُّ
ﻤ
َ
ﺪ
B
د
َ
ة
ٍ 10. ﻟ
َ
َٰ
ﻃ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﺎ
م
ِ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ِ
ﺴ
ْ
ﻜ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ِ 11. و
َ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ﺷ
َ
ِ
ّ 12. ﻣ
َ
ﻊ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻌ
ُ
ﺴ
ْ
ِ
13. ﺑ
ِ
ﺄ
َ
ﺻ
ْ
ﺤ
َ
ﺎ
ب
ِ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻞ
ِ 14. ﻟ
ِ
ﺮ
َ
ﺑ
ِ
ّ
ﻚ
َ
15. ﺣ
َ
k
B
ٰ
ﻣ
َ
ﻄ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
ﻊ
ِ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﺠ
ْ
ﺮ
ِ 16. ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
أ
َ
ﻗ
ْ
ﻄ
َ
ﻰ
ٰ
28. Dream Worldwide 28
Primary Rules for Harf of Nasb
1. The harf of nasb makes its ism nasb.
2. Can tolerate a long distance relationship.
however ﻟ
َ
ـ
ٰ
ﻜ
ِ
ﻦ
B certainly, for sure إ
ِ
ن
B
so that, hopefully, maybe ﻟ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻞ
B
that أ
َ
ن
B
alas (express regret) É
َ
ْ
ﺖ
َ َas though, as if ﻛ
َ
ﺄ
َ
ن
B
because ﺑ
ِ
ﺄ
َ
ن
B
Note:
The nasb form of the pronoun أ
َ
ﻧ
َ
ﺎ is k
ِ
ْ and the nasb form of ﻧ
َ
ْ
ﻦ
ُ is ﻧ
َ
ﺎ . When
attached to a harf of nasb, these pronouns can be written fully, or the ن can be
dropped. إ
ِ
ﻧ
B
ﻨ
ِ
ْ or إ
ِ
k
ِ
ّ
and إ
ِ
ﻏ
B
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ or إ
ِ
ﻧ
B
ﺎ . For example:
ﺎ آ
ﻣ
َ
ﻨ
B ﻨ
َ
ﺎ إ
ِ
ﻏ
B
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ ر
َ
ﺑ
B ن
َ
ﻓ
َ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ ﻦ
َ ﻓ
ْ
ا
˜
B
ِ Those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed…." (3:16)
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻘ
َ
ﺪ
ْ
ر
ِ É
َ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
ﺔ
ِ ﻓ
ِ
ْ أ
َ
ﻧ
ﺰ
َ
ﺠ
ْ
َ
ﺎ
ه
ُ ﺎ إ
ِ
ﻧ
B
Indeed, We sent it down during the Night of Decree. (97:1)
ﻚ
َ
ر
َ
ﺑ
ُّ أ
َ
ﻧ
َ
ﺎ إ
ِ
k
ِ
ّ
ْ Indeed, I am your Lord (20:12)
أ
َ
ﻧ
َ
ﺎ إ
ِ
ﻻ
B
إ
ِ
Æ
ََٰ ﻻ
َ
ا
ﷲ
ُ أ
َ
ﻧ
َ
ﺎ ﻨ
ِ
ْ إ
ِ
ﻧ
B
Indeed, I am Allah. There is no deity except Me (20:14)
Determine if the following contains a harf of nasb fragment.
1. أ
َ
ن
B
ﻟ
َ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
أ
َ
ﺟ
ْ
ﺮ
ً
ا 2. إ
ِ
ﻏ
B
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﻓ
ِ
ﺘ
ْ
ﻴ
َ
ﺔ
ٌ
3. إ
ِ
ﻏ
B
ﻬ
َ
ﺎ
ﻋ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻬ
ِ
ﻢ
ْ 4. إ
ِ
ن
B
إ
ِ
É
َ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ
إ
ِ
ﻳ
َ
ﺎ
ﻧ
َ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
5. ﻓ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
B
ﻚ
َ
ﺑ
َ
ﺎ
ﺧ
ِ
ﻊ
ٌ
ﻏ
B
ﻔ
ْ
ﺴ
َ
ﻚ
َ
6. ﻟ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
ﻧ
B
ﺪ
ْ
ﻋ
ُ
ﻮ
َ 7. إ
ِ
ن
B
ﺷ
َ
ﺎ
ﻧ
ِ
ﺌ
َ
ﻚ
َ
8. ﻋ
ُ
ﻢ
B
إ
ِ
ن
B
ﻋ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ
ﺣ
ِ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ﻧ
َ
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
9. إ
ِ
ن
ْ
ﻓ
َ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ
إ
ِ
ﻻ
B
ﻛ
َ
ﺬ
ِ
ﺑ
ً
ﺎ 10. Æ
َ
ُ
و
َ
É
ِ
ü
ﺎ 11. و
َ
ﺻ
َ
ﺪ
B
ق
َ
12. أ
َ
ن
ْ
ﻟ
B
ﻦ
ْ
ﻓ
َ
ﻘ
ْ
ﺪ
ِ
ر
َ
13. إ
ِ
ﻧ
B
ﺎ
ﺟ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎ 14. إ
ِ
ن
B
ا
ﻹ
ْ
ِ
ﻧ
ْ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ن
َ
15. ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
ﺑ
َ
ِ
ﻞ
َ
16. ﻧ
َ
ﺎ
ر
ٌ
ﻣ
ُّ
ﺆ
ْ
ﺻ
َ
ﺪ
َ
ة
ٌ
17. أ
َ
ن
B
أ
َ
ﺻ
ْ
ﺤ
َ
ﺎ
ب
َ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻜ
َ
ﻬ
ْ
ﻒ
ِ 18. أ
َ
ن
B
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
Æ
َ
ُ 19. إ
ِ
ن
B
ﻫ
َٰ
ﺬ
َ
ا 20. إ
ِ
ن
B
ﻣ
َ
ﻊ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻌ
ُ
ﺴ
ْ
ِ
ﻳ
ُ
ﺴ
ْ
ً
ا
29. Dream Worldwide 29
Harf of Jarr: Examples from the Quran
With the believers (with, because of, by, at, in, etc) ﺑ
ِ
ﺎ
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﺆ
ْ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻨ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
َ ب
ِ
They said, “By Allah!” ﻗ
َ
ﺎ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا
ﺗ
َ
ﺎ
ﷲ
ِ ت
َ
Like eaten straw ﻛ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ﻒ
ٍ
ﻣ
B
ﺄ
ْ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ل
ٍ ك
َ
And for you(pl). و
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ل
(I swear) By the fleeting passage of time! و
َ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻌ
َ
ﺼ
ْ
ِ و
َ
From amongst yourselves. ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
أ
َ
ﻏ
ْ
ﻔ
ُ
ﺴ
ِ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
In just retribution there is life ﻓ
ِ
ْ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻘ
ِ
ﺼ
َ
ﺎ
ص
ِ
ﺣ
َ
ﻴ
َ
ﺎ
ة
ٌ
ﻓ
ِ
ْ
They ask you regarding the spoils of war ﻳ
َ
ﺴ
ْ
ﺄ
َ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻧ
َ
ﻚ
َ
ﻋ
َ
ﻦ
ِ
ا
ﻷ
ْ
َ
ﻏ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﺎ
ل
ِ ﻗ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
And upon Allah the believers should place their trust. و
َ
ﻟ
َ
َ
ا
ﷲ
ِ
ﻓ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻴ
َ
ﺘ
َ
ﻮ
َ
!
B
ِ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻤ
ُ
ﺆ
ْ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻨ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ
ﻟ
َ
َ
Until the rise of dawn(1). ﺣ
َ
k
B
ﻣ
َ
ﻄ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
ﻊ
ِ
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﺠ
ْ
ﺮ
ِ ﺣ
َ
k
B
Until a time(2). ﺣ
َ
k
B
ﺣ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ٍ ﺣ
َ
k
B
It (the Quran) guides towards what is right. ﻓ
َ
ﻬ
ْ
ﺪ
ِ
ي
ْ
إ
ِ
ﻟ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ﺮ
ُّ
ﺷ
ْ
ﺪ
ِ إ
ِ
ﻟ
َ
Harf of Nasb: Examples from the Quran
Certainly Allah is إ
ِ
ن
B
ا
ﷲ
َ إ
ِ
ن
B
That they are/ that certainly they are أ
َ
ﻏ
B
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ أ
َ
ن
B
As though there is a deafness in his ear (literally barrier) ﻛ
َ
ﺄ
َ
ن
B
ﻓ
ِ
ْ
أ
ُ
ذ
ُ
ﻏ
َ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻪ
ِ
و
َ
ﻗ
ْ
ﺮ
ً
ا ﻛ
َ
ﺄ
َ
ن
B
That is because they said…. ذ
َٰ
ﻟ
ِ
ﻚ
َ
ﺑ
ِ
ﺄ
َ
ﻏ
B
ﻬ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﻗ
َ
ﺎ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ﺑ
ِ
ﺄ
َ
ن
B
Woe is me! I only I didn’t take so-and-so for a friend. ﻳ
َ
ﺎ
و
َ
ﻳ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
k
َ
ٰ
É
َ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻨ
ِ
ْ
ﻟ
َ
ﻢ
ْ
أ
َ
ﺗ
B
ِ
ﺬ
ْ
ﻓ
ُ
ﻼ
َ
ﻧ
ً
ﺎ
ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
ِ
ﻴ
ْ
ﻼ
ً
É
َ
ْ
ﺖ
َ
On the contrary, righteousness is ﻟ
َٰ
ﻜ
ِ
ﻦ
B
ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﺒ
ِ
B ﻟ
َٰ
ﻜ
ِ
ﻦ
B
So that you may be grateful. ﻟ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
B
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﺗ
َ
ﺸ
ْ
ﻜ
ُ
ﺮ
ُ
و
ْ
ن
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻞ
B