It is a technology of growing mushrooms using plant, animal and industrial waste. This technology has gained importance worldwide because of its dietary fibres andproteins value.
2. HISTORICAL VIEW-MUSHROOM
• China
It is indicated that the first
mushroom was cultivated
around 600 A.D. in China.
• This was Auricularia
auricula. Of the
leading mushrooms of
today, Agaricus bisporus
(1600) and Volvariella
volvacea (1700), that
were cultivated before
1990.
• Mushrooms were thought
to be special and
supernatural in origin –
4600 years ago.
• the Egyptians believed
mushrooms to be plants of
immortality.
• The Romans thought
mushrooms were the food
of the gods.
• Many people collect
mushrooms for the purpose
of consumption, but lots of
myths and false concepts
still survive today.
3. • History „
Chinese and Japanese have utilized
mushrooms for medicinal usage for
thousands of years.
• Cultivation of mushrooms in Western
cultures first recorded in 1650. „
• Agaricus bisporus was first species cultivated,
on compost. In Asia, specifically China and
Japan, it is not known when cultivation
began.
• „
Several species of mushrooms cultivated on
wood
4. PRESENT STATUS OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
IN INDIA
• Present, the
total mushroom production
in India is approximately
0.13 million tons.
• From 2010-2017,
the mushroom industry
in India has registered an
average growth rate of 4.3%
per annum.
• By considering
the production statistics,
the spawn demand
in India is estimated about
8000-10000 tons per
annum.
• Mushroom farming is one of
the most profitable agri-
business that can start with
a low investment and less
space.
• Mushroom
cultivation in India is growin
g gradually as an alternative
source of income for many
people.
• In India, Uttar Pradesh is the
leading producer
of mushrooms followed by
Tripura and Kerala.
5. • 1.Uttar
Pradesh
81.84 m.tons
• 2.Tripura 6.19
• 3.Kerala 4.65
Consumers are now
demanding more
mushrooms due to their
medicinal benefits.
They are more aware
now. The western
region of Maharashtra
has a huge demand for
mushrooms.
The commercial varieties
like pink, grey, blue,
yellow oyster
mushrooms are edible.
6. TYPES OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM IN INDIA
• White Button
Mushrooms.
• Portobello Mushrooms.
• Shiitake Mushrooms.
• Oyster Mushrooms.
• Enoki Mushrooms.
• Shimeji Mushrooms.
• Porcini Mushrooms.
7.
8.
9. SURFACE STERILIZATION OF EXPLANT
• It is a process which involves the immersion
of explants into appropriate concentration of chemical
sterilant(s) or disinfectant(s) for a specified time
resulting in the establishment of a contamination-free
culture.
• Explant sterilization using
chemical sterilants like benzalkonium chloride (0.1%)
alone and in combination with 70% alcohol and
0.1% HgCl2 .