Cultivation technology of paddy straw mushroom & Oyster mushroom, MITS Institute of Professional Studies (MIPS), Rayagada, Odisha Mushroom Spawn Production Technology

1. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
Submitted By :
Students of Mushroom Cultivation Group
B.Sc. Ag. (2018-2022)
Skill Development And Entrepreneurship
MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES,
RAYAGADA

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is with a sense of great pleasure, We are the students of “Mushroom Cultivation” Group of 4th year
B.Sc. (Ag.), studying “Skill Development & Entrepreneurship” feel highly delighted after the accomplishment
of our assigned projects on topic “Mushroom Cultivation”. Our journey towards accomplishment would not
have been possible without the guidance of our subject professors.
We are grateful to Vice Chairman Biswajit Panda sir for his help & support during this programme.
We are also grateful to Dean, MIPS Prof. Dr. Santanu Mohanty, for advising us, making a learning
environment for all of us and teaching about various informative ideas and knowledge that would help us in
the programme.
We would like to thank the co-ordinators; Mr. Prados Ku. Jena, Dr. Sudip Das for arranging the
programme that will help a lot in developing and grooming our entrepreneurial skill.
Last but not least, we would like to thank to each and every member of Mushroom Cultivation for
contributing to their best extent for making this program less burdening and easy going. The completion would
have been difficult without the help of all the members associated.

3. Anisha panda Ankeeta Anusmita Dalabehera Aryadutta Sarangi Ashutosh Sahu Baishali Mohanta
Diptysurya Snehasis Dhala Gloria Mohanty Mohammad Belal Prana krushna Pradhan Priyanka Bidhar
Pujari Purusottam Rao Rajesh Pradhan Sanskruti Pattnayak Saswati Mondal Sephali Pruseth
Siddharth Panda Surendra Sahoo Swagat kumar Patra Tapaswini Sahu Tukhika Limma
Dr. Sudip Das
(Asst. Prof. Plant Biotechnology)
Mr. Prados Kumar Jena
(Asst. Prof. Plant Pathology)
Dr. Santanu Mohantay
(Dean, MIPS, Rayagada)

4. • Mushroom is a fleshy fruiting body of some fungi arising from a group of
mycelium grown in substratum.
• Most of the mushrooms belong to the subdivision Basidiomycotina and a few
belong to Ascomycotina of kingdom-fungi.
• Mushroom lack chlorophyll and live on dead organic matter and hence are
saprophytic.
MUSHROOM

5. • Fruiting body
• Spore
• Mycellium
Structure of mushroom
Structure of Mushroom
• Hyphea
• Gills
• Volva

6. Spawn Production
 Spawn is the mycelium of mushrooms growing in its substratum and prepared for the purpose of
propagating mushroom production.
STEPS IN SPAWN PRODUCTION
Step 1:Preparation of Mother culture
a) Media Preparation
b) Tissue Culture
Step 2: Sub culture
Step 3: Spawn Production
a) Mother Spawn/ Master spawn
b) Commercial Spawn/ Planting spawn
Steps in spawn production

7. Preparation of Mother culture
Culture media preparation
Different mediums are as follows:
1. Wheat extract agar medium
2. Lambert's agar medium
3. Malt extract agar medium (MEA)
4. Compost extract agar medium
5. Potato Dextrose Agar Medium(PDA)
Mushroom Culture Preparation
Subculture/Pure culture
↓
Mother spawn / Master spawn
↓
Commercial spawn/ Planting spawn
Mushroom
Button stage
↓
Tissue culture
Mature stage
↓
Spore culture
(Single spore/ multi spore)

8. Material required
Peeled potato-200g ,Dextrose - 20g , Agar powder-20g , Water- 1lit
Wash potatoes Peel and cut into
pieces
Boil for 15 minutes
with 500ml water
Filter out the water Add clean water &
adjust to 500ml
Pour rest 500 ml
water
into a boiling pot
Add agar powder &
stir boil until it mixed
Add dextrose
with water Stir well
for 10 minutes
Mix both solution
and adjust 1000ml
PDA solution
Pour it in bottle
Plug with cotton
plugs
Put bottles in
Autoclave
Preparation of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA)

9. Disinfection of working area with
70% alcohol and hands with
disinfectant
Making two equal halves of
mushroom with the help of sterilized
knife
Place several pieces on PDA & plug
with cotton ball
These are incubated in BOD incubator
for one week. Mycelium from growing
edges is carefully transferred to PDA
slants and again incubated for 2 weeks
to obtain pure cultures.
Preparation of Pure Culture
Tissue Culture
Method

10. Mother/ Master spawn preparation
Healthy and cleaned cereal grains soaked 12 hour in water
↓
Boil grains in steam (15-20 min)
↓
Dry grains in shade (2 h)
↓
Mix CaCO3 (2%)
↓
Fill 200g grains in glass bottles
↓
Plug cotton and autoclave at 22 p.s.i. for 2 hrs.
↓
Inoculate growing mycelium of desired strain under aseptic condition in laminar air flow
↓
Incubate in BOD at 23±20C for 20-25 days (For oyster mushroom) 30±200C for 10-15
days (For straw mushroom)

11. Paddy straw bundles
1.5 ft
Draining Off excess water
Wet bundles
Soaking in water
Bed preparation
Pressing from the top
and covering with plastic sheet
Mycelial colonized bed
Fructification Mushroom
Spawn
200 gm/bed
Pulse powder
150gm/bed
Room temperature at 28-320C
RH 80% + Fluorescent light + Fresh air
Incubation at 32-340C
Harvesting
at button stage
PROCEDURE FOR PADDY STRAW MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

12. Cleaning of surrounding Measuring and layout design of room Cleaning the mushroom unit
Cleaning the water tank
Cleaning of bricks, polythene with
bleaching powder Cutting the bamboo pieces
26/10/21 27/10/21 28/10/21
30/10/21
30/10/21
29/10/21
MUSHROOM UNIT SET UP

13. Presentation on business plan Arrangement of Bamboo
Arrangement of bricks Sieving of sand
8/11/21
3/11/21 5/11/21
9/11/21

14. Unloading of paddy Straw Preparation of bed Fumigation of mushroom unit
Making of Straw bundle Tying of bundles Cutting of bundle
13/11/21
15/11/21
11/11/21 13/11/21
15/11/21 15/11/21
15/11/21
12/11/21
PROCEDURE

15. ESTIMATION OF PH OF PADDY STRAW

16. Cleaning of tank
Addition of limestone (20kg, Bavistin 80gm,
bleaching powder(200gm) Mixing of lime stone with water
Soaking of paddy straw Covering the straw with polythene & bricks Drying of soaked straw after 12hr.
STERILIZATION OF PADDY STRAW

17. Arrangement of straw bundle
Measurement of weight of spawn and pulse
powder Divide into 3 equal parts
Spawning of mushroom Covering of beds with polyethene sheet Maintenance of humidity and temperature
SPAWNING OF MUSHROOM

18. PREPARATION OF DEMONSTRATION OF PADDY STRAW
CULTIVATION

19. Tiny button stage Button stage Mature stage
Harvesting ( Day 1) Marketing day 1 Harvesting and marketing day 2
HARVESTING AND MARKETING

20. PROCEDURE FOR OYSTER MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
Raw material requirement: Paddy straw, Polythene bags, Spawn
Cutting of straw into 2 to 2.5 inch size
↓
Soaking in solution by using water, Bavistin, formalin, lime stone powder
↓
Draining excess water & dry in shade to get 65% moisture
↓
Filling in the polythene bag (60×40 cm)with sterilized straw
↓
Sprinkling of ¼ part of spawn over it at the periphery only
↓
Again covering with sterilized straw pieces
↓
Repeat spreading of straw pieces and spawn for 4th time.
↓
Covering the top layer with thin layer of straw & tie the polythene bag at the top & making 20 to 25 holes
for exchange of gas & keeping it in dark room.

21. PROCEDURE FOR OYSTER MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
Removing the polythene cover after 16th day.
↓
Sprinkling of water twice a day as per the weather to keep the bed moist.
↓
Harvesting fresh mushrooms after 7 days by twisting carefully when the edges starts upward curling.
↓
1st flush - 1 kg
↓
7 days after 2nd flush - 250 gm.
↓
7 days after 3rd flush - 250 gm
↓
Marketing of fresh mushroom.

22. CUTTING & SOAKING OF STRAW
Making of bundles for paddy straw mushroom Cutting of straw for oyster mushroom Cutting of straw for oyster mushroom
Soaking of straw for12 hr Drying of Soaked straw
Preparation of
solution by
using water,
Bavistin,
formalin, lime
stone powder

23. SPAWNING OF OYSTER MUSHROOM
Dividing 1 kilo oyster
mushroom spawn into 5 group
i.e., each group consists of 200
gram.5 pack of Oyster
mushroom bed can be prepared
from 1 kg spawn.
Spawning of Oyster
mushroom . Each
packet of bed can have
4 layer of spawning...
And gap between each
layer is 3 to 4 inch
After spawning we
covered and tied at
tip of polythene...
And we made
some hole for
removing excess
air
Placing of prepared oyster
mushroom bed

24. Spawning of spawning of Pleurotus djamor (pink oyster mushroom)
After soaking the paddy straw
for 12 hours .The paddy straw
are Sun dried to drain out the
excess water.
We have taken a
polythene bag of
size 60×40cm and
tied one end of the
bag .
200 g of spawn is divided
into 4 part for each bed .
Spread a layer of paddy
straw in the polythene bag &
spread the spawn in the
peripheral region. Each bag
has 4 layer of spawning with
a gap of 3-4 inch

25. OTHER ACTIVITY DONE BY OUR GROUP
Method demonstration on cultivation of paddy
straw mushroom.
Preparation of model of paddy straw mushroom cultivation
Youtube Video On mushroom cultivation
Link: https://youtu.be/wy-AkA6sQHE Making of leaflet on mushroom cultivation

26. THANK YOU
THANK YOU