Oyster mushroom can grow at moderate temperature ranging from 20 to 300 C and humidity 55-70% for a period of 6 to 8 months in a year. It can also be cultivated in summer months by providing the extra humidity required for its growth. In hilly areas above 900m

1. OYSTER MUSHROOM
CULTIVATION

2. Oyster Mushroom
Kingdom:Fungi
Division:Basidiomycota
Class:Agaricomycetes
Order:Agaricales
Family:Pleurotaceae
Genus:Pleurotus
Species:P. ostreatus
Binomial name
Pleurotus ostreatus

3. use of oyster :
. An edible fungus
. To treat high cholesterol,
infections,
diabetes, and cancer
. Among all the mushroom
varieties
oyster mushrooms are easiest
to grow.
.High profit and low
maintenance .

4. Materials required
for the process
For mother culture
preparation:
 Petri plates or small glass
jars, such as baby food jars.
 Agar medium such as potato
dextrose agar (PDA) medium
or malt extract agar (MEA)
medium.
Tweezers, needles, and
spatulas.
Sterilization flame of alcohol
lamp or propane burner.
Parafilm or tape.
 Ethanol (200 proof alcohol)
for burning and preparation
of 70% alcohol as

5. Materials required
for the process
For spawn
preparation:
 Plant seeds, such as millet,
wheat, sorghum, and rye.
Note: the use of a specific
seed type
depends on availability, cost,
and preference.
 Mason glass jars (1 L) with
metal screw caps. There
should be a small (2–2.5 cm)
hole
created in the center of the lid
and guarded with a Millipore
filter or cotton plug.
 Ethanol (200 proof alcohol)

6. 1. Potato dextrose agar (PDA)
∙ 200 g of thin slices of potato.
∙ 20 g glucose, or 20 g sucrose (table sugar).
∙ 15 g of agar powder.
∙ Boil the potato slices in 500 ml of water until the
potato tissue is completely cooked and soft. Strain
the 500
ml of potato broth through several layers of
cheesecloth.
∙ Add the sugar plus the agar into 500 ml of
water. Boil for about 5 min to completely
dissolve agar and sugar and keep stirring to
avoid burning the material (fungi don't like burned
food).
∙ Combine the 500 ml potato broth plus the 500 ml
of dissolved agar and sugar to get 1,000 ml of PDA
(bring up to a 1000 ml volume with additional water if
need be),
which is ready for sterilization using an autoclave.
Alternatively, a
pressure cooker may be used to sterilize the
medium. In general,
MOTHER CULTURE
PREPARATION:

7. TISSUE CULTURE ISOLATION FOR MOTHER CULTURE PRODUCTION
1.Pure cultures of oyster mushroom can be
obtained
by tissue culture from desired
mushroom fruiting bodies, the basidiocarps.
2.The inside tissue of a fruiting body is exposed
by
pulling apart the mushroom cap to expose the
inside uncontaminated tissues.
3. Then, pluck tiny pieces of the inside tissue
using
sterile fine-tip tweezers and transfer onto the
agar
media.
4. This is done inside a still-air transfer chamber
or a

8. SPAWN
PREPARATION AND
INOCULATION:
SOAKING
AND STERILIZATI
ON OF THE SEEDS'
SPAWN SUBSTRATE
Step 1: Rinse and clean the grains, soak in water for 12-24 hours.
Step 2: Cook the grains for 15-20 minutes so that they absorb water.
Step 3: Drain and dry excess moisture from the outside of the grains.
Step 4: Load grain into mason jars and sterilize for 90 minutes at 15 PSI.
1. THEN CALCIUM CARBONATE AND CALCIUM SULPHATE IS
ADDED IN THE RATIO 4:1 RESPECTIVELY.
2. 20 GRAM OF CALCIUM CARBONATE PER KG OF GRAIN AND
5 GRAM OF CALCIUM SULPHATE PER KG OF GRAIN

9. SPAWN
PREPARATION AND
INOCULATION:
SOAKING
AND STERILIZATI
ON OF THE SEEDS'
SPAWN SUBSTRATE
INOCULATION
1.We remove the piece of mycelium from the agar dish and throw
it into the jar.
2. We keep the piece of mycelium upstream of all
other materials throughout the process.
3.We should try to have the lid of the jar open for as little time as
possible.
4.Now we take at least three pieces of mother culture in the jar.
5.This allows for more inoculation points, and should speed up
the colonization process. The faster the jar is able to colonize,
the less likely it is to contaminate.

10. 10
After two to three weeks we check
the growth of the spawn . If there
are some cotton like structures
started forming in the bags then the
spawn is ready to grow else any other
kind of growth will be considered as
the contamination and we have to
repeat the whole process once again.
Hair like growth in grain
bags

11. CONCLUSI
ON
1.Spawn, which is used as a seed in propagation for mushroom
production is defined as a substrate in
which mycelium is impregnated and developed.
2.Spawn production is the most important stage for the production of
mushroom at Large scale.
The quality of carrier and moisture (60-70%) greatly affect the quality
of spawn as it determines the growth and colonization of the
mycelium on the substrate. The spawned substrate requires a
certain temperature ranging from 25-30°C and a dark room which
satisfy the mycelia for proper growth and colonize the substrate.