Muscle Anatomy 101 Pt2
•Download as PPT, PDF•
5 likes•1,136 views
Muscle contraction occurs when actin filaments slide over myosin filaments, shortening the sarcomere. This is triggered by an action potential that causes acetylcholine release and calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium binds to troponin, allowing the myosin heads to bind to actin and generate force. Muscle relaxation occurs when the stimulus stops and calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The size principle states that smaller motor units are recruited before larger ones, based on the force demands of the muscle. Low resistance training recruits smaller units, while high resistance recruits larger units. Only recruited units will benefit from training. The all-or-none
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Muscle Contraction ,[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Skeletal muscle mechanics
- A muscle twitch is a brief, weak muscle contraction in response to a single action potential.
- There are three phases to a muscle twitch: latent period, contraction period, and relaxation period.
- For a muscle to generate force, multiple motor units must contract together through processes like motor unit summation and tetanization which involve increasing stimulation frequency.
- Muscle force production depends on factors like the number of motor units recruited, length of the muscle fibers, and whether the contraction is isotonic or isometric.
Chapter 1 structure and function of the muscular, neuromuscular, cardiovasc...
The document provides an overview of the structure and function of the muscular, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. It describes the macrostructure and microstructure of muscle and the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. It discusses the characteristics of different muscle fiber types and the activation of muscles via motor neurons. It also summarizes the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, including the heart, blood vessels, and blood, as well as the conduction system and electrocardiogram.
Structureskeletalmuscle
The document summarizes the structure and function of skeletal muscle. It describes that skeletal muscle makes up 40-50% of body weight and functions to produce force for locomotion, breathing, and posture. The structure includes connective tissue layers surrounding bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles. Muscle fibers contain myofibrils with actin and myosin filaments that slide during contraction. Contraction is triggered by calcium release and the formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin. Muscle fibers are either fast-twitch or slow-twitch and the fiber type composition varies with athletic performance and training.
Anatomy and physiology of muscle
This document provides information about muscle anatomy and physiology. It defines muscles as contractile units composed of bundles of muscle fibers. It then classifies muscles according to their structure, orientation of fibers, and shape. The main types are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. It describes the physiology of each type, including how calcium regulates contraction and relaxation. It explains the sliding filament model of muscle contraction where thin filaments slide towards each other between thick filaments, shortening the muscle. Motor units are also defined as groups of muscle fibers innervated by a single motor neuron.
Skeletal muscle Physiology
Muscle cells are excitable cells that can transmit action potentials and convert chemical energy into mechanical movement. There are three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and connects to bones. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and has intercalated discs. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. Muscle contraction occurs via the sliding filament model, where myosin heads attach to actin and generate a power stroke, pulling the thin filaments toward the center. Contraction requires ATP hydrolysis to allow myosin to detach from actin and reattach further along. The length-tension relationship shows that muscle develops maximum tension at its optimal length.
Smooth Muscles
Smooth muscle lacks visible cross-striations and contains actin and myosin arranged irregularly. It contracts through calcium binding to calmodulin rather than troponin. Smooth muscle is either single or multi-unit. Single unit smooth muscle contracts as a syncytium through gap junctions and shows spontaneous rhythmic contractions. Multi-unit smooth muscle contracts through discrete localized contractions in response to nerve stimulation. Smooth muscle action potentials are driven by calcium influx and can include plateaus, producing prolonged contractions. Contraction results from calcium binding to calmodulin and phosphorylating myosin light chains, with relaxation through dephosphorylation.
The muscular system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the muscular system. It discusses three main points:
1. There are three types of muscles, with skeletal muscles producing movement by pulling tendons. Skeletal muscles are composed of fascicles surrounded by connective tissue sheaths.
2. Skeletal muscle fibers contain myofibrils made up of repeating sarcomere units containing actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model as cross-bridges form between actin and myosin.
3. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to troponin, exposing actin binding sites and initiating the contraction cycle of cross-bridge formation and actin filament
anatomy and physiology the muscular system
three types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Muscle cells are called muscle fibers
Contraction depends on two kinds of Myofilaments
Actin
Myosin
Prefixes to know: myo, mys, or sarco – word relates to muscle
Each muscle is a discrete organ
Muscle Type Overview
Skeletal Muscle tissue
Skeletal
Striated
Voluntary
Cardiac Muscle tissue
Cardiac
Striated
Involuntary
Smooth Muscle tissue
Visceral
Non-striated
Involuntary
Muscle Functions
1. Producing movement
2. Maintaining posture
3. Stabilizing joints
4. Generating heat
Functional Characteristics of Muscles
Excitability (or Irritability) = ability to receive and respond to stimuli
Contractility = ability to shorten forcibly
Extensibility = ability to be stretched or extended beyond resting length
Elasticity = ability to resume resting length after stretchingMuscle (organ)
Fascicle (a portion of the muscle)
Muscle Fiber (a cell)
These levels are supracellular
Connective Tissue Layer
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium
Anatomy of a Muscle
Typical ex. is a skeletal muscle
The following are all subcellular.
Myofibril = or fibril, complex organelle composed of bundles of
myofilaments
Myofilament = macromolecular structure of contractile proteins
Sarcomere = the smallest, single contracting unit of a myofibril, a segment
Gross Anatomy
Deep fascia = binds large groups of muscles into functional groups
Muscle = hundreds of fascicles bound together by epimysium
Fascicle = thousands of muscle fibers bound into discrete units by
perimysium
Muscle fiber = single muscle cell surrounded by endomysium
Generous blood and nerve supply
Microscopic Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
Muscle Fiber = elongated, cylindrical, multinucleated muscle cell
Sarcolemma = plasma (cell) membrane of a muscle cell
Sarcoplasm = cytoplasm of muscle cell with large amounts of glycogen and
Recommended
Skeletal muscle mechanics
- A muscle twitch is a brief, weak muscle contraction in response to a single action potential.
- There are three phases to a muscle twitch: latent period, contraction period, and relaxation period.
- For a muscle to generate force, multiple motor units must contract together through processes like motor unit summation and tetanization which involve increasing stimulation frequency.
- Muscle force production depends on factors like the number of motor units recruited, length of the muscle fibers, and whether the contraction is isotonic or isometric.
Chapter 1 structure and function of the muscular, neuromuscular, cardiovasc...
The document provides an overview of the structure and function of the muscular, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. It describes the macrostructure and microstructure of muscle and the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. It discusses the characteristics of different muscle fiber types and the activation of muscles via motor neurons. It also summarizes the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, including the heart, blood vessels, and blood, as well as the conduction system and electrocardiogram.
Structureskeletalmuscle
The document summarizes the structure and function of skeletal muscle. It describes that skeletal muscle makes up 40-50% of body weight and functions to produce force for locomotion, breathing, and posture. The structure includes connective tissue layers surrounding bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles. Muscle fibers contain myofibrils with actin and myosin filaments that slide during contraction. Contraction is triggered by calcium release and the formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin. Muscle fibers are either fast-twitch or slow-twitch and the fiber type composition varies with athletic performance and training.
Anatomy and physiology of muscle
This document provides information about muscle anatomy and physiology. It defines muscles as contractile units composed of bundles of muscle fibers. It then classifies muscles according to their structure, orientation of fibers, and shape. The main types are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. It describes the physiology of each type, including how calcium regulates contraction and relaxation. It explains the sliding filament model of muscle contraction where thin filaments slide towards each other between thick filaments, shortening the muscle. Motor units are also defined as groups of muscle fibers innervated by a single motor neuron.
Skeletal muscle Physiology
Muscle cells are excitable cells that can transmit action potentials and convert chemical energy into mechanical movement. There are three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and connects to bones. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and has intercalated discs. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. Muscle contraction occurs via the sliding filament model, where myosin heads attach to actin and generate a power stroke, pulling the thin filaments toward the center. Contraction requires ATP hydrolysis to allow myosin to detach from actin and reattach further along. The length-tension relationship shows that muscle develops maximum tension at its optimal length.
Smooth Muscles
Smooth muscle lacks visible cross-striations and contains actin and myosin arranged irregularly. It contracts through calcium binding to calmodulin rather than troponin. Smooth muscle is either single or multi-unit. Single unit smooth muscle contracts as a syncytium through gap junctions and shows spontaneous rhythmic contractions. Multi-unit smooth muscle contracts through discrete localized contractions in response to nerve stimulation. Smooth muscle action potentials are driven by calcium influx and can include plateaus, producing prolonged contractions. Contraction results from calcium binding to calmodulin and phosphorylating myosin light chains, with relaxation through dephosphorylation.
The muscular system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the muscular system. It discusses three main points:
1. There are three types of muscles, with skeletal muscles producing movement by pulling tendons. Skeletal muscles are composed of fascicles surrounded by connective tissue sheaths.
2. Skeletal muscle fibers contain myofibrils made up of repeating sarcomere units containing actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model as cross-bridges form between actin and myosin.
3. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to troponin, exposing actin binding sites and initiating the contraction cycle of cross-bridge formation and actin filament
anatomy and physiology the muscular system
three types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Muscle cells are called muscle fibers
Contraction depends on two kinds of Myofilaments
Actin
Myosin
Prefixes to know: myo, mys, or sarco – word relates to muscle
Each muscle is a discrete organ
Muscle Type Overview
Skeletal Muscle tissue
Skeletal
Striated
Voluntary
Cardiac Muscle tissue
Cardiac
Striated
Involuntary
Smooth Muscle tissue
Visceral
Non-striated
Involuntary
Muscle Functions
1. Producing movement
2. Maintaining posture
3. Stabilizing joints
4. Generating heat
Functional Characteristics of Muscles
Excitability (or Irritability) = ability to receive and respond to stimuli
Contractility = ability to shorten forcibly
Extensibility = ability to be stretched or extended beyond resting length
Elasticity = ability to resume resting length after stretchingMuscle (organ)
Fascicle (a portion of the muscle)
Muscle Fiber (a cell)
These levels are supracellular
Connective Tissue Layer
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium
Anatomy of a Muscle
Typical ex. is a skeletal muscle
The following are all subcellular.
Myofibril = or fibril, complex organelle composed of bundles of
myofilaments
Myofilament = macromolecular structure of contractile proteins
Sarcomere = the smallest, single contracting unit of a myofibril, a segment
Gross Anatomy
Deep fascia = binds large groups of muscles into functional groups
Muscle = hundreds of fascicles bound together by epimysium
Fascicle = thousands of muscle fibers bound into discrete units by
perimysium
Muscle fiber = single muscle cell surrounded by endomysium
Generous blood and nerve supply
Microscopic Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
Muscle Fiber = elongated, cylindrical, multinucleated muscle cell
Sarcolemma = plasma (cell) membrane of a muscle cell
Sarcoplasm = cytoplasm of muscle cell with large amounts of glycogen and
Muscle physiology
This document summarizes muscle physiology, including:
1. The functions of muscle tissue such as movement, stability, and respiration.
2. The properties of muscle tissue including excitability, conductivity, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity.
3. The types and classifications of muscles as well as the roles of agonist and antagonist muscles.
4. Key aspects of muscle anatomy and the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction.
Lecture 4 muscle physiology(1)
The document discusses the structure and function of skeletal muscle. It describes the hierarchy of muscle organization from the whole muscle down to the sarcomere level. Key components of muscle fibers and sarcomeres such as myofibrils, actin, and myosin are defined. The process of muscle contraction is summarized in three steps: 1) an action potential causes calcium release and binding to troponin, 2) myosin binds to actin and generates force through its power stroke, and 3) relaxation occurs when calcium is reabsorbed and the sarcomere returns to its resting state. Muscle fiber types and their roles in athletic performance are also overviewed.
The Muscular System
The document summarizes the muscular system. There are three types of muscle tissue: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. It contracts through the sliding filament model, where actin and myosin filaments interact powered by ATP. Motor neurons stimulate muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction, and calcium ions link electrical signals to contraction. Muscle utilizes creatine phosphate, glycogen, and cellular respiration to fuel contractions and overcome fatigue. Muscular diseases can result from genetic mutations affecting muscle proteins.
Lec 2. skeletal muscle
Skeletal muscle is composed of individual muscle cells called myocytes or muscle fibers. Each muscle fiber contains many myofibrils which are made up of repeating contractile units called sarcomeres. The sarcomere contains thin actin filaments and thick myosin filaments. Contraction occurs when the myosin heads on the thick filaments interact with and pull on the actin filaments, shortening the sarcomere. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential triggers the interaction of myosin and actin, causing muscle contraction.
Muscular system
The document discusses the muscular system and muscle contraction. It describes three types of muscle based on structure: striated (skeletal and cardiac), and non-striated (smooth). Skeletal muscle is voluntarily controlled and attached to bones, cardiac muscle forms the heart, and smooth muscle is associated with visceral organs. Muscle contraction occurs when an action potential spreads into the muscle fiber and causes calcium release, exposing actin binding sites on troponin and initiating the sliding filament model of contraction where actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.
General Physiology - Skeletal muscles
1. Skeletal muscle contraction occurs via the sliding filament theory, where actin filaments slide inward towards the center of the sarcomere, driven by cross-bridge cycling of the myosin heads.
2. Muscle fibers are innervated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction, and each motor neuron innervates multiple muscle fibers to form a motor unit.
3. Fine control of muscle movement is achieved through graded recruitment of motor units from small to large as more force is required. Larger motor units with more fibers provide more force but less fine-tuned control.
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultr...
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultra structure of stria ,mechanism of muscle contraction ,cori cycle and muscle relaxation. muscle fatigue ,oxygen debt ,rigor mortis, summmation, tetanus, tonus, treppe
Anatomy And Physiology of Muscles tissue
Functions of Muscle Tissue
• Producing body movements
• Stabilizing body positions
• Regulating organ volumes
– bands of smooth muscle called sphincters
• Movement of substances within the body
– blood, lymph, urine, air, food and fluids, sperm
• Producing heat
– involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle (shivering
Structure of skeletal muscle
Structure of skeletal muscleDr. Alamzeb Associate professor ,HOD Physiology Saidu Medical College saidu Sharif Swat Pakistan
Skeletal muscle is composed of bundles of muscle fibers that contain filaments of actin and myosin. Contraction occurs through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential, causing the actin and myosin filaments to interact and shorten the muscle. The sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in muscle contraction by storing and releasing calcium ions in response to electrical signals transmitted via the motor nerve.Skeletal Muscle Physiology Basics
Skeletal muscle is composed of long cylindrical muscle fibers that contain contractile filaments called myofibrils. Myofibrils contain regularly arranged thick and thin filaments that allow for muscle contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. Thick filaments are composed of myosin and thin filaments are composed of actin. When calcium levels rise, myosin heads bind to actin and the power stroke causes thin filaments to slide inward, shortening the sarcomere and muscle fiber. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via T-tubules in response to neural stimulation.
Muscle tissue 1
Types of muscle and functional characteristics of muscle. Levels of organization of muscle, fascicles, myofibrils, and myofibers. Microanatomy and functional unit of contraction, the sarcomere. Used as basis for lecture to high school science students
Physiology of skeletal muscle orthodontic considerations
This document provides information about skeletal muscle structure, function and methods of studying muscle activity. It discusses the development, organization and types of muscle fibers. It describes the microscopic structure of muscle fibers and details the process of muscle contraction. Electromyography is introduced as a method to study muscle activity by recording the electrical signals during muscle contraction and rest. Electrode placement techniques for recording specific jaw muscle activity are also outlined.
Muscular System
This document provides an overview of the muscular system, including the different types of muscles and skeletal muscle structure and function. It discusses the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction and the role of calcium, troponin, tropomyosin, ATP, myosin, and actin. It also addresses muscle fatigue, specificity of muscle fiber recruitment, and different muscle fiber types. Injury such as delayed onset muscle soreness is also summarized.
Muscular System (Our Muscle)
Learn about how our muscle functioning everyday. And check out the muscle roles!! Simple notes, Simple slides for the beginner person who's attracted to science.
Muscular physiology
This document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their structural and physiological characteristics, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, and smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. The document also examines the structure of skeletal muscle fibers down to the sarcomere level and explores muscle contraction types, the role of ATP as an energy source, and factors that influence muscle tension and can lead to fatigue.
MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY 1
Describes the overview of the skeletal muscles, its description, functons, and properties. It also inccludes the gross organization of the skeletal system.
Anatomy and Physiology Muscular System
The muscular system consists of three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Muscles are composed of bundles of fibers called fascicles. Individual muscle fibers contain myofibrils which are made up of overlapping actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model where the thin actin filaments slide past the thick myosin filaments. Energy for muscle contraction comes from ATP generated through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
physiology : muscular system
1. The muscular system contains three main types of muscles - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and attach to bones to enable movement, cardiac muscles are involuntary and found in the heart, and smooth muscles are involuntary and found in organs and blood vessels.
2. Skeletal muscles contain repeating contractile units called sarcomeres composed of the proteins actin and myosin. The sliding of actin over myosin forms cross-bridges that cause muscle contraction.
3. Contraction is initiated by a neural impulse causing calcium release and the binding of calcium to troponin, exposing actin binding sites on the myosin heads to generate force through cross-bridge cycling. Relax
Chapter 01 Power Points
This document provides an overview of skeletal muscle structure and function. It discusses the microscopic and molecular structure of muscle fibers and myofibrils. The key events of the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction are described, including the roles of calcium ions, actin, myosin, and cross-bridge cycling. Different muscle fiber types, motor unit recruitment, and the effects of exercise on fiber-type shifting are also summarized.
Muscular system_powerpoint
The document summarizes the structure and function of the muscular system. It describes the three types of muscles, with a focus on skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles produce movement by pulling on tendons attached to bones. The document then details the anatomy of skeletal muscles including their gross anatomy, blood supply, and microanatomy down to the level of the sarcomere. It explains how skeletal muscle contraction occurs through the sliding filament theory involving the interaction of actin and myosin filaments.
General anatomy of muscle
General Anatomy of muscle discusses the nomenclature, attachments, nerve supply, and actions of muscles. Muscles are named according to their shape, number of heads, location, fiber direction, attachments, and nerve supply. Injuries to nerves can result in paralysis of innervated muscles and functional impairments. For example, injury to the median nerve can cause the "Pope's blessing" sign where the lateral fingers fail to flex when making a fist. The document provides examples of muscle names and the effects of nerve injuries on muscle function.
Lec.9 diaphragm pt&rt
This document discusses the anatomy and function of the diaphragm. It is a dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Contraction of the diaphragm during respiration decreases intrathoracic pressure, allowing air to enter the lungs and blood to return to the heart. The diaphragm receives motor innervation from the phrenic nerves and sensory innervation from the lower intercostal nerves. Structures such as the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys are located superior and inferior to the diaphragm. Contraction of the diaphragm also helps with defecation, urination, childbirth, and weight lifting by increasing intra-abdom
More Related Content
What's hot
Muscle physiology
This document summarizes muscle physiology, including:
1. The functions of muscle tissue such as movement, stability, and respiration.
2. The properties of muscle tissue including excitability, conductivity, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity.
3. The types and classifications of muscles as well as the roles of agonist and antagonist muscles.
4. Key aspects of muscle anatomy and the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction.
Lecture 4 muscle physiology(1)
The document discusses the structure and function of skeletal muscle. It describes the hierarchy of muscle organization from the whole muscle down to the sarcomere level. Key components of muscle fibers and sarcomeres such as myofibrils, actin, and myosin are defined. The process of muscle contraction is summarized in three steps: 1) an action potential causes calcium release and binding to troponin, 2) myosin binds to actin and generates force through its power stroke, and 3) relaxation occurs when calcium is reabsorbed and the sarcomere returns to its resting state. Muscle fiber types and their roles in athletic performance are also overviewed.
The Muscular System
The document summarizes the muscular system. There are three types of muscle tissue: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. It contracts through the sliding filament model, where actin and myosin filaments interact powered by ATP. Motor neurons stimulate muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction, and calcium ions link electrical signals to contraction. Muscle utilizes creatine phosphate, glycogen, and cellular respiration to fuel contractions and overcome fatigue. Muscular diseases can result from genetic mutations affecting muscle proteins.
Lec 2. skeletal muscle
Skeletal muscle is composed of individual muscle cells called myocytes or muscle fibers. Each muscle fiber contains many myofibrils which are made up of repeating contractile units called sarcomeres. The sarcomere contains thin actin filaments and thick myosin filaments. Contraction occurs when the myosin heads on the thick filaments interact with and pull on the actin filaments, shortening the sarcomere. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential triggers the interaction of myosin and actin, causing muscle contraction.
Muscular system
The document discusses the muscular system and muscle contraction. It describes three types of muscle based on structure: striated (skeletal and cardiac), and non-striated (smooth). Skeletal muscle is voluntarily controlled and attached to bones, cardiac muscle forms the heart, and smooth muscle is associated with visceral organs. Muscle contraction occurs when an action potential spreads into the muscle fiber and causes calcium release, exposing actin binding sites on troponin and initiating the sliding filament model of contraction where actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.
General Physiology - Skeletal muscles
1. Skeletal muscle contraction occurs via the sliding filament theory, where actin filaments slide inward towards the center of the sarcomere, driven by cross-bridge cycling of the myosin heads.
2. Muscle fibers are innervated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction, and each motor neuron innervates multiple muscle fibers to form a motor unit.
3. Fine control of muscle movement is achieved through graded recruitment of motor units from small to large as more force is required. Larger motor units with more fibers provide more force but less fine-tuned control.
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultr...
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultra structure of stria ,mechanism of muscle contraction ,cori cycle and muscle relaxation. muscle fatigue ,oxygen debt ,rigor mortis, summmation, tetanus, tonus, treppe
Anatomy And Physiology of Muscles tissue
Functions of Muscle Tissue
• Producing body movements
• Stabilizing body positions
• Regulating organ volumes
– bands of smooth muscle called sphincters
• Movement of substances within the body
– blood, lymph, urine, air, food and fluids, sperm
• Producing heat
– involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle (shivering
Structure of skeletal muscle
Structure of skeletal muscleDr. Alamzeb Associate professor ,HOD Physiology Saidu Medical College saidu Sharif Swat Pakistan
Skeletal muscle is composed of bundles of muscle fibers that contain filaments of actin and myosin. Contraction occurs through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential, causing the actin and myosin filaments to interact and shorten the muscle. The sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in muscle contraction by storing and releasing calcium ions in response to electrical signals transmitted via the motor nerve.Skeletal Muscle Physiology Basics
Skeletal muscle is composed of long cylindrical muscle fibers that contain contractile filaments called myofibrils. Myofibrils contain regularly arranged thick and thin filaments that allow for muscle contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. Thick filaments are composed of myosin and thin filaments are composed of actin. When calcium levels rise, myosin heads bind to actin and the power stroke causes thin filaments to slide inward, shortening the sarcomere and muscle fiber. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via T-tubules in response to neural stimulation.
Muscle tissue 1
Types of muscle and functional characteristics of muscle. Levels of organization of muscle, fascicles, myofibrils, and myofibers. Microanatomy and functional unit of contraction, the sarcomere. Used as basis for lecture to high school science students
Physiology of skeletal muscle orthodontic considerations
This document provides information about skeletal muscle structure, function and methods of studying muscle activity. It discusses the development, organization and types of muscle fibers. It describes the microscopic structure of muscle fibers and details the process of muscle contraction. Electromyography is introduced as a method to study muscle activity by recording the electrical signals during muscle contraction and rest. Electrode placement techniques for recording specific jaw muscle activity are also outlined.
Muscular System
This document provides an overview of the muscular system, including the different types of muscles and skeletal muscle structure and function. It discusses the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction and the role of calcium, troponin, tropomyosin, ATP, myosin, and actin. It also addresses muscle fatigue, specificity of muscle fiber recruitment, and different muscle fiber types. Injury such as delayed onset muscle soreness is also summarized.
Muscular System (Our Muscle)
Learn about how our muscle functioning everyday. And check out the muscle roles!! Simple notes, Simple slides for the beginner person who's attracted to science.
Muscular physiology
This document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their structural and physiological characteristics, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, and smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. The document also examines the structure of skeletal muscle fibers down to the sarcomere level and explores muscle contraction types, the role of ATP as an energy source, and factors that influence muscle tension and can lead to fatigue.
MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY 1
Describes the overview of the skeletal muscles, its description, functons, and properties. It also inccludes the gross organization of the skeletal system.
Anatomy and Physiology Muscular System
The muscular system consists of three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Muscles are composed of bundles of fibers called fascicles. Individual muscle fibers contain myofibrils which are made up of overlapping actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model where the thin actin filaments slide past the thick myosin filaments. Energy for muscle contraction comes from ATP generated through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
physiology : muscular system
1. The muscular system contains three main types of muscles - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and attach to bones to enable movement, cardiac muscles are involuntary and found in the heart, and smooth muscles are involuntary and found in organs and blood vessels.
2. Skeletal muscles contain repeating contractile units called sarcomeres composed of the proteins actin and myosin. The sliding of actin over myosin forms cross-bridges that cause muscle contraction.
3. Contraction is initiated by a neural impulse causing calcium release and the binding of calcium to troponin, exposing actin binding sites on the myosin heads to generate force through cross-bridge cycling. Relax
Chapter 01 Power Points
This document provides an overview of skeletal muscle structure and function. It discusses the microscopic and molecular structure of muscle fibers and myofibrils. The key events of the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction are described, including the roles of calcium ions, actin, myosin, and cross-bridge cycling. Different muscle fiber types, motor unit recruitment, and the effects of exercise on fiber-type shifting are also summarized.
Muscular system_powerpoint
The document summarizes the structure and function of the muscular system. It describes the three types of muscles, with a focus on skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles produce movement by pulling on tendons attached to bones. The document then details the anatomy of skeletal muscles including their gross anatomy, blood supply, and microanatomy down to the level of the sarcomere. It explains how skeletal muscle contraction occurs through the sliding filament theory involving the interaction of actin and myosin filaments.
What's hot (20)
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultr...
Muscle physiology ,types of muscles: striated ,non striated and cardiac. ultr...
Physiology of skeletal muscle orthodontic considerations
Physiology of skeletal muscle orthodontic considerations
Viewers also liked
General anatomy of muscle
General Anatomy of muscle discusses the nomenclature, attachments, nerve supply, and actions of muscles. Muscles are named according to their shape, number of heads, location, fiber direction, attachments, and nerve supply. Injuries to nerves can result in paralysis of innervated muscles and functional impairments. For example, injury to the median nerve can cause the "Pope's blessing" sign where the lateral fingers fail to flex when making a fist. The document provides examples of muscle names and the effects of nerve injuries on muscle function.
Lec.9 diaphragm pt&rt
This document discusses the anatomy and function of the diaphragm. It is a dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Contraction of the diaphragm during respiration decreases intrathoracic pressure, allowing air to enter the lungs and blood to return to the heart. The diaphragm receives motor innervation from the phrenic nerves and sensory innervation from the lower intercostal nerves. Structures such as the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys are located superior and inferior to the diaphragm. Contraction of the diaphragm also helps with defecation, urination, childbirth, and weight lifting by increasing intra-abdom
Diaphragm Anatomy
The document describes the anatomy and function of the diaphragm. It is divided into three parts: the sternal, costal, and lumbar parts. The sternal part arises from the xiphoid process, the costal part from the lower six ribs, and the lumbar part from the lumbar vertebrae. The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerves and contracts during inspiration to flatten its shape and increase the vertical diameter of the thorax. Relaxation of the diaphragm allows expiration to occur as the thorax decreases in size. The diaphragm plays an important role in respiration and separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Anatomy and Physiology; Introduction to the human body
A&P terminology introduced, a brief history of the study of anatomy, body systems, life processes, homeostasis, positive and negative feedback systems, directional terms and regions of the body terminology are introduced
Human anatomy and physiology
The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology. It begins with objectives for students to gain knowledge of body parts and systems. It then defines anatomy and physiology. The rest of the document describes the major functions of 7 body systems - integumentary, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, female and male genitourinary, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems. Each system section lists the main structures and their functions.
Health & fitness presentation
This document discusses healthy eating and exercise habits. It recommends eating a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats and proteins while limiting sugar, salt, and refined grains. For exercise, it suggests getting at least 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week to stay healthy. Small, gradual lifestyle changes are emphasized over strict diets or unrealistic goals. Moderation, balance and listening to your body are keys to healthy living.
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017
Thinking about your sales team's goals for 2017? Drift's VP of Sales shares 3 things you can do to improve conversion rates and drive more revenue.
Read the full story on the Drift blog here: http://blog.drift.com/sales-team-tips
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your Niche
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
Viewers also liked (8)
Anatomy and Physiology; Introduction to the human body
Anatomy and Physiology; Introduction to the human body
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017
Similar to Muscle Anatomy 101 Pt2
Topic4 objectives 7 14
Motor units consist of a single motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. Muscle tension can be increased by recruiting more motor units through increasing the rate and strength of stimulation. Muscles are made up of motor units of varying sizes, with small motor units having few fibers used for precision movements and large motor units having many fibers used for gross movements.
7 muscular-force (1)
1. The document discusses different types of muscle contractions including isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contractions.
2. It explains the Hill equation and how the velocity of muscle contraction decreases as the load increases.
3. The factors that contribute to muscle strength and contraction duration include motor unit recruitment, fiber type, stimulus strength and frequency, initial muscle length, and fatigue.
1587124408-biomechanics-of-skeletal-muscles.pdf
1. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones via tendons and produce movement. They are composed of bundles of muscle fibers that contain contractile filaments of actin and myosin.
2. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model where the heads of myosin cross-bridges attach to actin and generate a power stroke, pulling the filaments closer together and shortening the sarcomere.
3. Repeated stimulation above a threshold frequency results in tetanic contraction where the tension generated is sustained due to summation of individual twitches. The size principle dictates that smaller motor units are recruited before larger ones.
fisologia del musculo
1) Skeletal muscle contraction occurs through the sliding filament mechanism, where the interaction between actin and myosin filaments causes sarcomere shortening.
2) Muscle fibers contain myofibrils which are made up of repeating contractile units called sarcomeres. Contraction results from calcium binding to troponin, exposing actin binding sites for myosin cross-bridges to form.
3) The speed and resistance to fatigue of muscle fibers can vary depending on fiber type, with fast fibers contracting more rapidly but fatiguing sooner than slow fibers. Motor units consisting of similar fiber types allow for graded muscle responses.
4594680.ppt
1. A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it stimulates. A single motor neuron stimulates around 150 muscle fibers to contract together.
2. The latent period refers to the brief delay between stimulation and the beginning of muscle contraction, which allows the muscle action potential and calcium release to occur.
3. The force-velocity relationship describes how the velocity of muscle shortening decreases as the force or load against which the muscle contracts (the afterload) increases. Greater afterloads require slower cross-bridge cycling.
Mitosis Lab By Jon B
This document provides an overview of the muscular system including:
1) Types of muscle such as cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle which makes up 40% of total body mass.
2) The microscopic structure of skeletal muscle including sarcomeres which contain actin and myosin filaments responsible for muscle contraction.
3) The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction involving interactions between actin, myosin, calcium, and ATP.
4) How nerve impulses trigger muscle contraction through the process of excitation-contraction coupling.
5) Causes of muscle fatigue including reduced ATP, lactic acid buildup, dehydration, and decreased nerve signals.
Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
1. There are three types of muscle contractions: isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic. Isometric contractions occur at a fixed length, isotonic contractions involve shortening against a fixed load, and isokinetic contractions shorten at a constant speed.
2. A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. Motor units vary in size depending on the muscle's function. During forceful contractions, more motor units and larger motor units are recruited in a principle known as the size principle.
3. Force summation occurs through multiple fiber summation, recruiting more motor units simultaneously, and frequency summation, where contractions occur rapidly in tetanization. This allows graded muscle force through recruitment patterns
maximal Strength training
Maximal strength training focuses on developing the ability to produce maximum force through exercises like back squats and deadlifts. Three key points are:
1) Maximal strength is defined as the ability to produce maximum force and a minimum strength level of 2 times body mass is recommended for back squats to optimize lower body power.
2) Rate of force development (RFD) is important for explosive activities and can be improved through both heavy strength training and ballistic exercises using a mixed training approach.
3) Variable resistance training using chains or bands is superior to constant resistance as it allows for compensatory acceleration and maximizes motor unit recruitment through incremental loading.
Msd for pspd 2015
This document discusses the neuromuscular system and muscle physiology. It begins by explaining how stimuli are transmitted through nerves to muscles via action potentials, causing muscle contraction. It then describes the structure and function of neurons, neuromuscular junctions, and muscle fibers. Specific topics covered include muscle fiber types, the sliding filament model of contraction, and factors that can cause fatigue. Diagrams illustrate key concepts such as the generation and propagation of action potentials.
Musculoskeletal System II.pptxhdzhdhxdhhdh
This document summarizes key concepts about the muscolo-skeletal system and muscle contraction. It discusses motor units, summation of contractions including multiple fiber and frequency summation leading to tetanization. It also covers topics like muscle length-tension relationship, muscle fatigue, muscle sensory receptors, and the role of action potentials in muscle contraction. The document provides details on how muscles generate force through motor units of varying sizes, and how repeated stimulation leads to stronger contractions through mechanisms like calcium ion buildup in the muscle fiber.
Exercícios Pliométricos
The document discusses plyometrics, which is a type of training using rapid eccentric and concentric muscle contractions to improve power and athletic performance. It covers the neurological and biomechanical principles behind plyometrics, considerations for developing an effective plyometrics program, and provides examples of upper and lower body plyometric exercises. The goal of plyometrics is to enhance the reactivity of the neuromuscular system through high-intensity, explosive exercises.
Controlling muscle contraction
- Skeletal muscle contraction is controlled voluntarily through nervous signals from the brain. When a nerve impulse reaches the motor end plate, it causes acetylcholine to be released, which stimulates a muscle impulse.
- The muscle impulse travels through the muscle fiber and causes calcium ions to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium ions bind to troponin and allow muscle contraction by exposing actin binding sites for myosin.
- Repeated stimuli can cause muscle fibers to contract without fully relaxing through summation, resulting in a sustained tetanic contraction. Forceful exercise causes muscle hypertrophy through recruitment of fast twitch fibers, while disuse leads to muscle atrophy.
Exercise physiology 2011
The document discusses muscle structure and function, including:
1. Muscles are composed of bundles of fibers containing myofibrils with thick and thin filaments that slide past each other during contraction.
2. Nerve impulses trigger the release of calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, allowing cross bridges to form between actin and myosin filaments, causing muscle contraction.
3. Motor units consist of motor neurons and the muscle fibers they innervate, ranging in size based on movement precision needs.
section 5, chapter 9: types of muscle contractions
1. A muscle contraction occurs when a muscle fiber receives a stimulus from a motor neuron. The contraction is recorded using a myograph, which senses changes in muscle fiber length.
2. A muscle fiber will contract fully in response to any stimulus above a threshold level, but a stronger stimulus does not produce a stronger contraction. Additional force is generated by recruiting more motor units.
3. Muscle fibers are categorized as either fast-twitch or slow-twitch based on their contraction speed and whether they primarily generate energy aerobically or anaerobically. Slow-twitch fibers are suited for endurance while fast-twitch fibers are suited for rapid bursts of force.
Properties of skeletal muscle
Skeletal muscle has electrical and mechanical properties. Electrically, it is excitable and conductive, allowing it to receive and propagate action potentials. Mechanically, it can contract when stimulated, shortenening and developing tension. Skeletal muscle action potentials last 2-4 ms and propagate at 3-5 m/s. Contraction occurs slightly after the electrical response and can be isometric (no shortening) or isotonic (shortening against a load). Force of contraction depends on factors like stimulus strength, frequency, initial muscle length, and temperature.
Pt110 creativeexercisetrisets
This document discusses principles of exercise program design, including periodization and specificity. It explains how to pair or group certain exercises together creatively to maximize metabolic demands and adaptation. Different variables like reps, sets, tempo and rest periods are discussed in relation to achieving different training goals like strength, power or hypertrophy. Examples of exercise "perfect pairs" and "terrific trisets" are provided, along with a sample workout using kettlebells and trisets.
IDEA Creative Tri Sets
The document discusses principles of exercise program design, including periodization and specificity. It provides examples of exercise pairs and tri-sets that target different adaptations like strength, power, and endurance. The workout portion demonstrates a kettlebell and tri-set circuit targeting these adaptations.
METHODS OF PLYOMETRIC TRAINING IN HUMAN ATHLETES
Plyometrics is defined as the exercises that enable a muscle to reach maximum force in a short period of time.
Plyometric training is a series of explosive body weight resistance exercises using the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) of the muscle fiber to enhance physical capacity such as increasing musculotendinous stiffness and power
It is a quick, powerful movement involving pre-stretching the muscle tendon unit followed by a subsequent stronger concentric contraction
Muscle
The document provides an overview of required readings and topics for an advanced biomechanics course, including muscle structure and function, electromyography, and characteristics of skeletal muscle. Key points covered are the microscopic and macroscopic structure of skeletal muscle including sarcomeres, motor units, and types of muscle fibers. Force production mechanisms such as the size principle, gradation of contraction, and force-velocity and force-length relationships are also summarized.
Strength & It's Method
Strength is the ability to exert force or overcome resistance. It can be categorized as maximal strength, explosive strength, or strength endurance. Maximal strength refers to the highest force produced in a single effort, while explosive strength involves producing force as fast as possible. Strength endurance is the ability to exert force against resistance while fatigued. Various training methods like weightlifting, interval training, or circuit training can be used to improve different types of strength. Muscle contractions can be isometric, which does not involve joint movement; or isotonic, which involves movement and can be concentric or eccentric.
Similar to Muscle Anatomy 101 Pt2 (20)
Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
section 5, chapter 9: types of muscle contractions
section 5, chapter 9: types of muscle contractions
More from Kyle Ochsner
Project Guidelines
The paper guidelines require students to write a 1 page paper on a topic relating to resistance training or conditioning. The paper must include a summary of a peer-reviewed article on the topic, how the topic applies to resistance training or conditioning, and the student's thoughts and opinions on the article. The paper should be at least 150 words, double spaced, in 12 point font, and include a proper citation in the required format.
Final Key Terms
This document provides an overview of various topics related to strength training and exercise program development, including different types of training methods and lifts, nutritional factors, hormones and assessments involved, benefits for different populations, and safety considerations. It covers concepts like repetition maximum, anabolism and catabolism, assessments, benefits for children and older adults, macronutrients, hormones, training methods for developing strength, endurance and power, periodization, supplements, and safety protocols.
Advanced Programs
The document discusses periodized training programs for achieving different fitness goals. It recommends dividing training into 2-3 month mesocycles focused on hypertrophy, strength, or strength and power. Within each mesocycle, the volume and intensity of exercises are systematically manipulated. It also describes linear programs with uniform changes and non-linear programs with varying workouts. Different programs are outlined for general conditioning, strength and power training, and muscle growth.
Youth & Senior Programs
Youth training programs should focus on fun activities that develop skills for future sports participation while avoiding competitive sports. Proper technique, controlled movements, and gradual progression are important to reduce injury risk. Senior programs aim to improve strength, balance, and daily functioning through full-body workouts performed 2-3 times per week with an emphasis on safety and listening to one's body.
Beginner And Intermediate Programs
The document provides information on beginner and intermediate strength training programs. For beginners, it recommends a full-body routine 2-3 days per week focusing on proper form and gradually increasing weight and sets over 3 months. Intermediate programs incorporate increased frequency, sets, intensity, and assistance exercises. Suggested intermediate routines include a 3 day full body program, 4 day split routine, circuit training, and programs focused on maximal strength or hypertrophy.
Safety, Soreness, & Injury
Warming up for 5-10 minutes with light aerobic exercise and 2 light lifts before strength exercises allows the body to physiologically prepare. Cooling down with low to moderate intensity exercise for 5-10 minutes clears byproducts from tissues. Stretching should be done after cooling down to improve flexibility. Proper attire includes comfortable, breathable clothing and closed-toe shoes to allow for mobility. Most injuries occur from improper form so exercises should be performed correctly without twisting, overloading, or compromising the lower back. Straps, wraps, and belts can be used for support and to relieve stress but should not cause dependence, especially near maximal loads. Spotters are important for high intensity workouts to promote
Workout Schedule And Rest
This document discusses various workout variables and how to adjust them based on different training goals. It outlines that the main variables to consider are load, reps, sets, rest, and frequency. It then provides guidelines for manipulating these variables to achieve different goals like hypertrophy, increased max strength, improved power, endurance, or athletic performance. The document also discusses organizing workouts, different split routines, alternating heavy and light days, circuit training, pyramid training, super sets, exercise order, and rest between workouts.
Types Of Strength And Power Exercises
There are several types of strength and power exercises. Isometric training involves contracting muscles without movement by pushing or pulling in different positions. Isotonic training involves muscle movement with a constant load which benefits health and improves muscle, ligament, tendon and bone strength. Plyometric training improves agility, speed and power through exercises like boxes jumps and medicine ball throws but requires a strength foundation first. Equipment choices for strength training include free weights, machines, resistance bands and medicine balls.
Explosive Movements
The document provides instructions for performing several explosive weightlifting movements, including the high pull, hang clean, power clean, push press, and push jerk. For each exercise, it lists the primary muscles worked and provides step-by-step instructions for performing the movement correctly and explosively. Videos are referenced for additional visual examples of proper form.
Strength Assessment
This document discusses assessing different aspects of fitness, including strength, power, and cardiovascular endurance. It provides methods for setting goals and measuring strength, power, and other physical attributes. Some key assessment methods mentioned include self-assessment, 1 repetition maximum testing, anthropometric measurements, and tests to measure vertical jump and stair sprint power.
Torso Exercises
This document provides instructions for various torso exercises using stability balls, medicine balls, and bodyweight. The exercises target the abdominal muscles as well as muscles of the back and sides of the torso. Guidelines are given for selecting the appropriately sized stability ball based on a person's height. Example exercises described include the ab crunch, various crunch variations, planks, and exercises that work the oblique muscles through torso rotations.
Nutrition For Muscle Development Pt2
This document discusses macronutrients and their role in muscle development, including proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. It provides details on their composition, how muscle utilizes each, and general daily intake recommendations. It also briefly covers water, micronutrients like vitamins and minerals, and common muscle-building supplements like creatine, BCAAs, and L-carnitine. The key aspects of muscle nutrition covered are the importance of adequate protein, carbohydrates, and essential amino acids for muscle growth and recovery from exercise.
Nutrition For Muscle Development Pt1
To build muscle, one must consume enough calories and protein. The document recommends 2300-3500 calories per day to gain 1 pound of muscle. It is important to maximize protein synthesis and minimize breakdown through proper nutrition and timing. Carbohydrates and fats provide energy, while protein builds muscle when consumed after strength training to aid in recovery and growth. Key anabolic hormones like insulin, growth hormone, and testosterone promote muscle building, while cortisol can inhibit gains if stress levels are too high.
Midterm Key Term
This document contains definitions for over 50 terms related to muscle anatomy, physiology, and exercise science. It includes terms about muscle structure like sarcomere, myosin, and fiber types; principles of muscle contraction such as the size principle and force-velocity curve; training concepts like periodization, volume, and order of exercises; and factors that influence muscle growth like protein synthesis, hormones, and diet. The comprehensive list covers many of the key anatomical, physiological and programming elements involved in resistance training.
Lower Body Exercises
The document provides instructions for lower body exercises that target the hips, knees, and ankles. It describes proper form for front and back squats, leg presses, lunges, step-ups, Romanian deadlifts, traditional deadlifts, seated leg curls, leg extensions, hip adduction and abduction exercises, and calf raises. Emphasis is placed on maintaining good posture, controlling weight through full ranges of motion, and avoiding momentum or swinging motions during the exercises.
Types Of Muscle Training Pt2
The document discusses different types of muscle training programs, including periodization and linear/nonlinear periodization. Periodization involves organizing training into phases with varied emphasis on intensity, volume, etc. to continually stress and adapt the body. Linear periodization progressively increases intensity and decreases volume over a macrocycle. Nonlinear periodization allows more frequent variation to enhance stimulus. The document also outlines other training protocols like circuit training, pyramid sets, supersets, and plyometrics. It provides recommendations for maximizing strength, hypertrophy, power, and muscular endurance based on training variables.
Types Of Muscle Training
The document discusses various principles of muscle training, including specificity of training, the general adaptation syndrome, and SAID principle. It describes different acute training variables like exercises, order, intensity, sets, reps, and rest that can be manipulated. It provides guidelines for different exercise types, order, intensity levels, volumes, and rest periods based on different training goals like strength, power, hypertrophy, or muscular endurance.
Upper Body Exercises Upper Arm Back
This document provides instructions for 10 upper body exercises targeting the back, arms, and chest muscles. It describes proper form and technique for pull ups, lat pulldowns, bent over rows, one arm dumbbell rows, seated cable rows, dips, close grip bench press, lying triceps extensions, triceps push downs, and dumbbell bicep curls. Key points emphasized include maintaining a flat back with a neutral spine, controlling movements through full ranges of motion, and avoiding momentum or compensations from other body parts.
Upper Body Exercises Chest Shoulders
1) The document provides instructions for various upper body exercises that target the chest, shoulders, and back. These exercises include barbell shrugs, standing military presses, seated barbell overhead presses, and different variations of presses, flies, and raises using dumbbells and machines.
2) The instructions emphasize proper form and technique for each exercise, such as maintaining a flat back, extending fully through the range of motion, and using a controlled movement without momentum or swinging.
3) The goal is to strengthen the muscles of the upper body for general fitness, athletic performance, bodybuilding, and injury prevention when performed with correct form.
ESS 2222 Syllabus
This document provides information about a resistance training and conditioning course at Texas Tech University. The course covers principles of resistance training and physical conditioning program planning. It is taught in person twice a week. Assessment includes written exams, practical exams, quizzes, notebook checks, and projects. Students must maintain a training log and journal in their notebook. The course policies outline dress requirements, attendance policies, tardiness policies, religious observance absences, and illness notification procedures.
More from Kyle Ochsner (20)
Recently uploaded
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...chandankumarsmartiso
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel With 100% Satisfaction
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
we have mentioned the best 10 ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups. You can check all these products and choose the best one for yourself.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidadeProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Top-Vitamin-Supplement-Brands-in-India List
Swisschem Dermacare provides the Top 10 Vitamin Supplement Brands in India. To know more about us give us call at our official number
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Learn about body grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptxMGM SCHOOL/COLLEGE OF NURSING
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.The Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India
Treat the symptoms of indigestion, heartburn and stomach reflux with the 10 Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India.
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...chandankumarsmartiso
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun Women Seeking Service
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Recently uploaded (20)
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Muscle Anatomy 101 Pt2
- 1. Muscle Anatomy 101 Part II
- 16. Questions?