The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Dr. Howard Gardner in 1983. He proposed that there are eight different types of intelligences - linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual/spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. Gardner believes that each person possesses varying degrees of each intelligence and that accounting for multiple intelligences can help people of all abilities to develop their talents and pursue meaningful careers.

1. Howard Gardner
Sabitha ck
Assistant professor

2.  The theory of multiple intelligences was
developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner,
professor of education at Harvard University.
 Howard Gardner proposed this model in his
1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of
Multiple Intelligences
 Dr. Gardner proposes eight different
intelligences to account for a broader range of
human potential in children and adults.”

3.  He believes each of us have all of the eight
types of intelligence to varying degrees.
 These multiple intelligences are related to
how an individual prefers to learn and
process information.

4.  Gardner defines an intelligence as "bio
psychological potential to process
information that can be activated in a cultural
setting to solve problems or create products
that are of value in a culture”

5. 1. Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence
2. Logical-mathematical Intelligence
3. Visual/Spatial Intelligence
4. Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
5. Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence
6. Interpersonal Intelligence
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
8. Naturalist Intelligence

6.  The ability to think in words
and use language express meaning or
Sensitivity to the meanings and sounds of
words, mastery of syntax, appreciation of the
ways language can be used (authors,
journalists, speakers, poets, teachers)

7.  The ability to carry out mathematical
operations , Understanding of objects
and symbols and of actions
that be performed on them and of the
relations between these actions, ability for
abstraction, ability to identify problems and
seek explanations (scientists, engineers,
accountants)

8.  The ability to think three-dimensionally
 Capacity to perceive the visual world
accurately, to perform transformations upon
perceptions and to re-create aspects of visual
experience in the absence of physical stimuli,
sensitivity to tension, balance, and
composition, ability to detect similar patterns
(architects, artists, sailors, chess masters)

9.  The ability to manipulate objects and be
physically adept
 Use of one’s body in highly skilled ways for
expressive or goal-directed purposes,
capacity to handle objects skilfully (surgeons,
craftspeople, dancers, athletes, actors)


10.  A sensitivity to pitch, melody, rhythm, and
tone Sensitivity to individual tones and
phrases of music, an understanding of ways
to combine tones and phrases into larger
musical rhythms and structures, awareness of
emotional aspects of music (musicians,
composers, sensitive listeners)

11.  The ability to understand and effectively
interact with others
 Ability to notice and make distinctions
among the moods, temperaments,
motivations, and intentions of other people
and potentially to act on this knowledge
(teachers, mental health professionals,
parents, religious and political leaders)
 :

12.  The ability to understand oneself
 Access to one’s own feelings, ability to draw
on one’s emotions to guide and understand
one’s behavior, recognition of personal
strengths and weaknesses (theologians,
novelists, psychologists, therapists)


13.  The ability to observe
patterns in nature and
understand natural and human-made systems
Sensitivity and understanding of plants,
animals, and other aspects of nature
(farmers, botanists, ecologists, landscapers,
environmentalists)

14.  ."[44] Gardner believes that the purpose of
schooling "should be to develop intelligences
and to help people reach vocational and a
vocational goals that are appropriate to their
particular spectrum of intelligences. People
who are helped to do so, [he] believe[s], feel
more engaged and competent and therefore
more inclined to serve society in a
constructive way."[a]

15.  Gardner's theory argues that students will be
better served by a broader vision of
education, wherein teachers use different
methodologies, exercises and activities to
reach all students, not just those who excel at
linguistic and logical intelligence. It
challenges educators to find "ways that will
work for this student learning this topic".[46]

16.  It suggests that teachers be trained to present their
lessons in a wide variety of ways using music,
cooperative learning, art activities, role play,
multimedia, field trips, inner reflection, and much
more.