The document summarizes multiple natural disasters including earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods. It provides details about two specific tsunamis - the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused by a 9.3 magnitude earthquake that killed over 230,000 people across 14 countries, and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan with a tsunami reaching heights of 30 meters. The document also discusses the impacts of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster following the Japanese tsunami, including explosions at reactors and the evacuation of over 180,000 people from the area.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
THIS PPT SHOWS HOW THE EARTHQUAKE WAS CAUSED AND DAMAGE DUE TO IT.
this is one of my projects that I had made for my class X holiday homework, I hope this can help you gain some information about tsunamis and if you also want to make a project like this, I hope I have helped you. - mansvini
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Geology Topics unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. This unit consists of a five part 6000+ slide PowerPoint roadmap, 14 page bundled homework package, modified homework, detailed answer keys, 12 pages of unit notes for students who may require assistance, follow along worksheets, and many review games. The homework and lesson notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow. The answer keys and unit notes are great for support professionals. The activities and discussion questions in the slideshow are meaningful. The PowerPoint includes built-in instructions, visuals, and review questions. Also included are critical class notes (color coded red), project ideas, video links, and review games. This unit also includes four PowerPoint review games (110+ slides each with Answers), 38+ video links, lab handouts, activity sheets, rubrics, materials list, templates, guides, 6 PowerPoint review Game, and much more. Also included is a 190 slide first day of school PowerPoint presentation.
Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: -Plate Tectonics, Evidence for Plate Tectonics, Pangea, Energy Waves, Layers of the Earth, Heat Transfer, Types of Crust, Plate Boundaries, Hot Spots, Volcanoes, Positives and Negatives of Volcanoes, Types of Volcanoes, Parts of a Volcano, Magma, Types of Lava, Viscosity, Earthquakes, Faults, Folds, Seismograph, Richter Scale, Seismograph, Tsunami's, Rocks, Minerals, Crystals, Uses of Minerals, Types of Crystals, Physical Properties of Minerals, Rock Cycle, Common Igneous Rocks, Common Sedimentary Rocks, Common Metamorphic Rocks.
This unit aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards and with Common Core Standards for ELA and Literacy for Science and Technical Subjects. See preview for more information
If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
This is Chapter 1 in a newly published textbook entitled "Case Studies in Public Health Preparedness and Response to Disasters" -- "The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011. This chapter describes what is probably the best example historically of what has come to be known as a "cascading crisis": earthquake, tsunami, with secondary nuclear reactor damage. http://www.jblearning.com/catalog/9781449645199/
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
THIS PPT SHOWS HOW THE EARTHQUAKE WAS CAUSED AND DAMAGE DUE TO IT.
this is one of my projects that I had made for my class X holiday homework, I hope this can help you gain some information about tsunamis and if you also want to make a project like this, I hope I have helped you. - mansvini
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Geology Topics unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. This unit consists of a five part 6000+ slide PowerPoint roadmap, 14 page bundled homework package, modified homework, detailed answer keys, 12 pages of unit notes for students who may require assistance, follow along worksheets, and many review games. The homework and lesson notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow. The answer keys and unit notes are great for support professionals. The activities and discussion questions in the slideshow are meaningful. The PowerPoint includes built-in instructions, visuals, and review questions. Also included are critical class notes (color coded red), project ideas, video links, and review games. This unit also includes four PowerPoint review games (110+ slides each with Answers), 38+ video links, lab handouts, activity sheets, rubrics, materials list, templates, guides, 6 PowerPoint review Game, and much more. Also included is a 190 slide first day of school PowerPoint presentation.
Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: -Plate Tectonics, Evidence for Plate Tectonics, Pangea, Energy Waves, Layers of the Earth, Heat Transfer, Types of Crust, Plate Boundaries, Hot Spots, Volcanoes, Positives and Negatives of Volcanoes, Types of Volcanoes, Parts of a Volcano, Magma, Types of Lava, Viscosity, Earthquakes, Faults, Folds, Seismograph, Richter Scale, Seismograph, Tsunami's, Rocks, Minerals, Crystals, Uses of Minerals, Types of Crystals, Physical Properties of Minerals, Rock Cycle, Common Igneous Rocks, Common Sedimentary Rocks, Common Metamorphic Rocks.
This unit aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards and with Common Core Standards for ELA and Literacy for Science and Technical Subjects. See preview for more information
If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
This is Chapter 1 in a newly published textbook entitled "Case Studies in Public Health Preparedness and Response to Disasters" -- "The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011. This chapter describes what is probably the best example historically of what has come to be known as a "cascading crisis": earthquake, tsunami, with secondary nuclear reactor damage. http://www.jblearning.com/catalog/9781449645199/
Yasamin O. IZADKHAH1, Nasser H. ZAKER2, Bibielham FAKHRI BAFGHI2
1International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES) Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran
According to official estimates, the 2011 tsunami washed about 5 million tons of debris into the ocean. About two-thirds of that quickly sank. The remainder was carried along the coast of Japan and then out into the Pacific Ocean. The trash from the March 11, 2011 tsunami began to reach the west coast of the USA in 2012 and 2013, creating new, complex, and unexpected ecological and environmental problems.
A presentation on the Four Spheres of the Earth and how the Earth systems interact. The Earth system pertains to how we utilize models to look at different sections of the planet in order to characterize what has occurred previously, what is occurring now, and what could occur in the future. The 2011 Japan tsunami and earthquake, also known as the 2011 Tohoku tsunami and earthquake or the Great Tohoku earthquake, which is also analyzed herein, occurred on March 11, 2011 in northeastern Japan. The calamity began in the early afternoon when a magnitude-9 earthquake struck the region, unleashing a massive wave.
6. TSUNAMI 26 December 2004
• Indian Ocean earthquake caused tsunami of magnitude 9.3
Richter scale as recorded in seismograph.
• Fast rupture of tectonic plates caused fast surface slip to
the extent of 50 meters.
• Due to horizontal movement between the tectonic plates,
the sea floor estimated to have risen by several metres,
displacing an estimated 30 cubic kilometres of water
triggering devastating tsunami waves.
• It was ‘under sea mega thrust’ that occurred at 00:58:53
on Sunday, 26 December 2004, with an epicenter off the
west coast of Sumatra Indonesia.
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7. • The earthquake was caused by tectonic plate
sliding /subduction, Indian plate sliding under
overriding Burma plate.
• It triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along
the coasts of most landmasses bordering the
Indian Ocean, killing over 230,000 people in
fourteen countries, and inundating coastal
communities .
• Tsunami waves were up to 30 meters (98 feet)
high.
• It was one of the deadliest natural disasters as
recorded.
• Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by
Sri Lanka, India(Andaman, Nicobar) and Thailand.
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8. • Tsunamis are much more frequent in the Pacific Ocean
because of earthquakes in the ‘Ring of fire’ and an effective
tsunami warning system is functioning there.
• The extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the
Indian Ocean and no warning system existed at the point
where this earthquake struck.
• The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of
earthquakes volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific
ocean . In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape is associated with
series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs ,volcanic belts and
tectonic plate movements.
• First phase of tsunami involved a rupture about 400
kilometres in length and 100 kilometres width, located 30
kilometers beneath the sea bed. This was the largest rupture
ever known to have been caused by an earthquake.
• The rupture proceeded at a speed of about 10,000 km/hr.
• Beginning off the coast of Aceh it proceeded north-west over a
period of about 100 seconds.
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9. • Second phase of Tsunami occurred after 100 seconds gap
before the rupture proceeded northwards towards the
Andaman and Nicobar islands .
• However, the northern rupture occurred more slowly than the
south, at 7,500 km/h.
• further it Proceeded north for span of another five minutes to
a plate boundary where the fault type changed from
subduction to strike slip (the two plates slide past one)
• Police officials said that more than 10,000 people have died.
• Over 400,000 people have been moved to evacuation centers
in schools and public buildings
• 100,000 national defense members were dispatched to lead the
aid efforts
• 120,000 blankets, 120,000 bottles of water and 110,000 liters
of gasoline plus food was collected and sent to community
centers and shelters
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10. • The energy released on the Earth's surface
only was estimated at 26 megatons of TNT.
• This energy is equivalent to over 1500 times
that of the Hiroshima atom bomb attack but
less than that of Tsar bomb attacks, the
largest nuclear weapon ever detonated.
• Energy released by this quake was over
360,000 times more than its ME, equivalent to
9,600 giga tons of TNT equivalent or 550
million times that of Hiroshima or about 370
years of energy usage at 2005 level in USA.
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11. • Relief agencies reported that one-third of the dead
appeared to be children because children were the
least abled to resist being overcome by the surging
waters.
• Oxfam reported that as many as four times more
women than men were killed in some regions
because they were waiting on the beach for the
fishermen to return and looking after their children
in the houses.
• large number of local residents, about
9,000 foreign tourists ,mostly Europeans, enjoying
the peak holiday season were among the dead or
missing.
• Presently Real- time Earthquake Map help in
identifying latest earthquake information.
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12. JAPAN TSUNAMI 11 March 2011
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• Over 200000 homes were destroyed.
• Oil Refinery tanks exploded after the earthquake hit japan with 8.9
magnitude.
• Tsunami came in less than an hour after the tsunami warning was
given.
• People were not able to evacuate to higher ground due to tsunami
that hit fast. The survey found that delay in passing on information
meant that awareness of the accident was initially very low amongst
residents.
• Whirlpool developed in sea developed seriousness in tsunami
• Residents said they had often been assured of the safety of nuclear
power, and thought that an accident could never occur.
• It was hard for older people, especially those with medical
conditions to escape , some of whom succumbed.
13. • The earthquake and tsunami have knocked out the main cooling
systems and backup generators at three units in Daiichi and the
three units at the Fukushima Daini complex.
• First explosion was on Saturday at the plant’s Unit 1, injuring
four workers and resulting in mass evacuations.
• Second hydrogen explosion was on Monday at Unit 3, injuring
11 workers and the blast was felt 40 kilometers away.
• Over 180,000 people were evacuated from the area surrounding
the nuclear plant.
• 160 people might have exposed to radiation.
• ‘Recriminations and proper compensation aside, the focus now
must be on ensuring that this never happens again, which for
many people implied to keep aloof from nuclear power’ ; This
was the overwhelming feeling in Japan, and it hasn’t reduced
since the accident.
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14. Green peace report
• Some hospitals in Fukushima Prefecture ‘had to suspend
services because hundreds of doctors and nurses in the
area resigned to avoid radiation.
• Patients from one hospital and a nearby home for the
elderly were sent to shelters: 45 of 440 patients died after
staff fled.
• In another incident, more than 90 elderly people were left
without care- givers.
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15. Facts about the Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
• Magnitude, according to USGS: 9.0 ritcher scale.
• Speed at which the Pacific Plate smashed into the Japanese island
arc: 8.9 centimeters per year.
• Speed at which the San Andreas Fault in California is slipping: about
4 centimeters per year.
• Size of the rupture along the boundary between the Pacific and
North American plates: 290 kilometers in length , and 80 kilometers
across the region.
• Approximate length of Honshu island: 1,300 kilometers
Years since an earthquake of this magnitude has hit the plate
boundary of Japan: 1,200
• Duration of strong shaking reported from Japan: three to five
minutes
• Greatest distance from epicenter that visitors to the USGS Web site
reported feeling the quake: About 2,000 kilometers
• Distance that the island of Honshu appears to have moved after the
quake: 2.4 meters.
• Change in length of a day caused by the earthquake's redistribution
of Earth's mass: 1.8 microseconds shorterpnrao
16. • Normal seasonal variation in a day's length: 1,000
microseconds.
• Depth of the quake: 24.4 kilometers.
• Range of depths at which earthquakes occur in Earth's crust:
0 – 700 kilometers.
• Top speed of a tsunami over the open ocean: About 800
kilometers per hour.
• Normal cruising speed of a jetliner: 800 kilometers per hour.
• Length of warning time Sendai residents received before
tsunami hit: eight to 10 minutes.
• Number of confirmed foreshocks to the main shock: four.
• Magnitudes of the confirmed foreshocks: 6.0, 6.1, 6.1 and
7.2.
• Number of confirmed aftershocks: 401.
• Worldwide average annual number of earthquakes over
magnitude 6.0: 150 pnrao