The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
THIS PPT SHOWS HOW THE EARTHQUAKE WAS CAUSED AND DAMAGE DUE TO IT.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
THIS PPT SHOWS HOW THE EARTHQUAKE WAS CAUSED AND DAMAGE DUE TO IT.
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami(Boxing day tsunami), occurred on 26 December, with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
One of the deadliest natural calamities.
Died - 230000
Cause – Sumatra – Andaman Earthquake
The 3rd most powerful earthquake in recorded history.
Quake measured – 9.1-9.3 on Richter scale.
The earthquake was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burmese Plate and the Indian Plate.
Energy released = 23000 Hiroshima type atomic bombs
The quake has displaced huge amount of ocean water that flooded coastlines along the Indian ocean.
Earthquake is a violent tremor in the earth’s crust, sending out a series of shock waves in all directions from its place of origin or epicenter.
On the morning of January 26, 2001, the Nation’s 52nd Republic Day, a devastating earthquake occurred in the Kutch district of the state of Gujarat.
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami(Boxing day tsunami), occurred on 26 December, with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
One of the deadliest natural calamities.
Died - 230000
Cause – Sumatra – Andaman Earthquake
The 3rd most powerful earthquake in recorded history.
Quake measured – 9.1-9.3 on Richter scale.
The earthquake was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burmese Plate and the Indian Plate.
Energy released = 23000 Hiroshima type atomic bombs
The quake has displaced huge amount of ocean water that flooded coastlines along the Indian ocean.
Earthquake is a violent tremor in the earth’s crust, sending out a series of shock waves in all directions from its place of origin or epicenter.
On the morning of January 26, 2001, the Nation’s 52nd Republic Day, a devastating earthquake occurred in the Kutch district of the state of Gujarat.
How the Best Brands Build Lasting Customer LoyaltyQualtrics
Customer loyalty is the likelihood of previous customers to continue to buy from a specific organization. To have loyal customers is a goal shared by most organizations, but not all reach this goal.
Join Adrian Swinscoe as he outlines how the best brands go about building customer loyalty that lasts.
This a HVAC presentation for Air Conditioning systems giving a description of the systems and their types including the case study in Calicut city, It also includes bylaws required for air conditioning design
Desenvolva o seu potencial. Pessoas e organizações exponenciais geram resultados extraordinários. Bem estar pessoal, bem estar profissional e crescimento sustentável.
About the housing finances in India. About the national hosing bank and the functions of it. Then about the micro housing finance corporation and the types of loans, housing and its development. Discussion on the urban infrastructure.
Disaster management
Disaster or catastrophe or any such accident is inevitable. Almost all the nations witness such misfortune. Therefore planning and organizing of rapid forces which can work during such mishaps have been developed by all the nations in the form of natural disaster management. India which has different types of vegetation and geography witnesses almost all the kinds of disasters most common among them all being floods
IN THIS TOPIC I HAVE MENTIONED WHAT IS EARTHQUAKE AND ITS EFFECTS , CAUSES.
SOME PRECAUTIONS FOR THE PEOPLE.AND SOME MAJOR EARTHQUAKES IN INDIA.
HOPE ALL OF U LIKE IT
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. GROUP MEMBERS:
▪ ABHAY KUMAR
▪ ANANYATALUKDAR
▪ DOMMETI PRASHANTH
▪ LAKSHMI RAVI CHANDU
▪ LABANYA BAIDYA
▪ NARESH
3. INTRODUCTION
▪ The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December
with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.
▪ The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli
intensity of IX (Violent).
▪ The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate
was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis
along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean.
▪ It cause a killing of 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal
communities with waves up to 30 metres high.
▪ It was one of the deadliest natural disaster recorded in history.
▪ Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, andThailand.
4. INTRODUCTION
▪ It is the third largest earthquake ever recorded on a seismograph and had
the longest duration of faulting ever observed between 8.3 and 10 minutes.
▪ It caused the entire planet to vibrate as much as 1 centimetre (0.4
inches) and triggered other earthquakes as far away as Alaska.
▪ Its epicentre was between Simeulue and mainland Indonesia.
▪ The resulting tsunami was given various names, including the 2004 Indian
Ocean tsunami, South Asian tsunami, Indonesian tsunami, the Christmas
tsunami and the Boxing Day tsunami.
5. FORESHOCK:
▪ The 2002 Sumatra
earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on
2 November.
▪ It had a magnitude of 7.3 on
the moment magnitude scale with
an epicentre just north
of Simulue island and caused three
deaths.
▪ This earthquake is regarded as
a foreshock of the 2004 Sumatra
earthquake, which had an epicentre
about 60 km to the northwest.
6. INTERSEISMIC:
• India subducts beneath
Burma microplate
at about 50 mm/yr.
• Fault interface is
locked.
EARTHQUAKE
(COSEISMIC):
• Fault interface slips,
overriding plate
rebounds, releasing
accumulated motion.
TECTONIC PLATES:
7. N• 26th December 2004 00h 58min 51s
UT
• Western COAST OF NORTHERN
SUMATRA
• Epicentre
latitude : 3.298°
longitude : 95.778°
• Magnitude = 9.2
• 3rd largest Earthquake since ever
recorded on a seismograph.
TECTONIC PLATES:
8. Seismograms of the day: Global Seismic
Displacement Wavefield, December 26,
2004.
9. AFTERSHOCKS & OTHER EARTHQUAKES
▪ Numerous aftershocks were reported off the Andaman and Nicobar
islands and the region of the original epicentre in the hours and days
that followed.
▪ The magnitude 8.7 2005 Nias – Simulue earthquake, which originated
off the coast of the Sumatran island of Nias, is not considered an
aftershock, despite its proximity to the epicentre, and was most
likely triggered by stress changes associated with the 2004 event.
▪ This earthquake was so large that it produced its own aftershocks
(some registering a magnitude of as great as 6.1) and presently ranks
as the 7th largest earthquake on record since 1900.
10. ▪ Other aftershocks of up to magnitude 6.6
continued to shake the region daily for
up to three or four months.
▪ As well as continuing aftershocks, the
energy released by the original
earthquake continued to make its
presence felt well after the event.
▪ A week after the earthquake, its
reverberations could still be measured,
providing valuable scientific data about
the Earth's interior.
AFTERSHOCKS & OTHER EARTHQUAKES
11. ENERGY RELEASED
▪ The energy released on the Earth's surface only (ME, which is the seismic
potential for damage) by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
was estimated at 1.1×1017 joules or 26 megatons ofTNT.
▪ This energy is equivalent to over 1,500 times that of the Hiroshima atomic
bomb, but less than that ofTsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever
detonated.
▪ However, the total work done MW (and thus energy) by this quake was
4.0×1022 joules (4.0×1029 ergs), the vast majority underground.
▪ This is over 360,000 times more than its ME, equivalent to 9,600 giga tons
of TNT equivalent (550 million times that of Hiroshima) or about 370 years
of energy use in United States.
12. TSUNAMI
• All along the rupture the seafloor
was shunted vertically by about 10
meters.
• This movement displaced the
overlying water, generating a
massive tsunami, or tidal wave.
• The wave then fanned out across
the Indian Ocean at enormous
speed.
13. ▪ The tsunami, like all others, behaved very differently in deep water
than in shallow water.
▪ In deep ocean water, tsunami waves form only a small hump,
barely noticeable and harmless, which generally travels at a very
high speed of 500 to 1,000 km/h (310 to 620 mph).
▪ In shallow water near coastlines, a tsunami slows down to only
tens of kilometres per hour but, in doing so, forms large
destructive waves.
▪ Scientists investigating the damage in Aceh found evidence that
the wave reached a height of 24 metres (80 ft) when coming
ashore along large stretches of the coastline, rising to 30 metres
(100 ft) in some areas when traveling inland.
TSUNAMI
Scale showing size of tsunami
waves that hit Indonesia
14. IN DEEP OCEAN tsunami has long wavelength, travels fast,
small amplitude - doesn’t affect ships.
AS IT APPROACHES SHORE, it slows. Since energy is conserved,
amplitude builds up - very damaging.
TSUNAMI
15. TSUNAMI
Animation of tsunami
caused by the earthquake
showing how it radiated
from the entire length of
the 1,600 km (990 mi)
rupture.
16.
17. Damage map of Banda Aceh city showing the impact of tsunamis wave
fronts from two directions. The numerals indicate the tsunami elevation in
meters near the beach (white) and flow depth inland (black).
19. A three story house damaged by the tsunami showing
the tsunami inundation height in downtown Banda
Aceh.
20. THE DESTRUCTION CAUSED:
Scale of devastation
Thousands are reported to have been killed,
but there has been little news from the
worst-hit areas where all transport and
communication links were destroyed.
21. • Low lying coastal areas were
left obliterated and flooded
as here in Aceh province in
Sumatra, Indonesia.
• Current reports indicate that
the north and west coasts of
Sumatra have experienced
the worst destruction.
• Low lying areas have been
left flooded with seawater
which quickly becomes
contaminated with sewage
and decomposing bodies.
THE DESTRUCTION CAUSED:
22. ▪ In Aceh, Indonesia, so many doctors have been killed that there are
few trained medical workers to assist the injured.
THE DESTRUCTION CAUSED:
23. • Increasing numbers of
homeless people needing
shelter, food and water.
• Clean drinking water is
required to avoid the spread of
disease.
THE DESTRUCTION CAUSED:
24. PROBLEMS FACED
• In all affected areas survivors are hungry as food supplies run out.
• The threat of disease increases.
• Medicines are needed desperately.
• In some areas relief supplies are piling up.
• Disruption of communications means that emergency supplies
cannot be distributed efficiently.
• Co-ordination of relief efforts from throughout the world is
proving to be a major challenge.
• Four days after the tsunami many of the worst affected areas
cannot be reached.
25. EVACUATION
• The evacuation of foreign tourists from the beach resorts
begins.
• Other survivors, such as these women and children from
the Nicobar Islands, leave to a more uncertain future.
• Relief efforts, which have been slow to start, gather pace as
the enormity of the disaster begins to be appreciated.
26. Effects on other countries
• Whole villages were flattened as here in Sri Lanka
27. Scenes which were repeated across the Indian Ocean
Sri Lanka Phuket,Thailand
28. Millions of people have been left homeless
Cuddalore, south of Madras, India Penang, Malaysia