1. Taylor
Developed his theory as he worked
his “way up”the hierarchy from
labourer to Manager
A fair day's pay for a fair day's work –
The harder you work the more you
receive
2. What he believed..
Workers were supposed to be incapable of
understanding what they were doing.
According to Taylor this was true even for
rather simple tasks.
3. Taylor and Business
Mangers should tell people what to do
Workers should listen
Money motivates people
People should be paid by ‘piece rate’
4. 3 Assumptions
1. Man is a rational economic animal
concerned with maximising his
economic gain
2. People respond as individuals, not as
groups
3. Treat people like machines
5. Weaknesses
• Money is not everything
• Ignores the fact that this method will not
suit everyone
• People are all different
• Will not work for all jobs
6. Mayo
Researched into groups at an Electric Company
(1927)
He altered their working conditions and discovered
that when working conditions worsened, output
increased
People responded to the attention they received
as a result of being observed (recognition). Their
self esteem increased.. Output increased!
7. He concluded that people are
motivated by..
• Working in groups – social aspect
• Managers taking an interest in employees
• There must be good communication
between workers and managers
8. Limitations
• Study did not include males
• Small sample size
• Not suitable for all forms of employment
10. Safe Working
Environment
Companionship of
fellow employees
Complete
satisfaction
Food Drink
Rest Breaks
Ventilation
Self Actualisation
Self Esteem Needs
Social
Safety
Basic or phsychological needs
Recognition of a
good job done
12. • Hygiene factors should be present
• Motivation fails if they are ignored
• Motivators, by themselves they do not
motivate employees
13. Mc Gregor
• Theory X
• Theory Y
• Dislike work
• Will try to avoid it
• Must be controlled and
threatened to get work
done
• Little ambition
• Avoids responsibility
• Hard work or effort
comes naturally
• Employees can control
their own work
• Seeks and learns from
responsibility
• Rewarded through effort
and achievement of goals
