Monitoring of air pollution involves tracking key pollutants like SO2, smoke, and suspended particles on a daily basis. Common methods include measuring SO2 levels, the smoke index, and deposit of grit and dust. The air quality index provides information on air cleanliness and potential health effects. Major effects of air pollution include respiratory illnesses and increased risk of lung cancer. Prevention and control involves techniques like containment, replacing polluting processes, dilution through green belts, legislation like the Clean Air Act, and international coordination through organizations like the WHO.