The document presents information on emerging technologies for air quality monitoring. It discusses various air pollutants like particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxides. It also describes different air sampling processes and the application of air quality index (AQI) to report daily air quality levels. The document outlines the objectives to analyze air quality data from pollution control boards and use sensors to provide cautionary values to alert people and improve air quality. It discusses literature review on indoor air quality and wireless sensor networks for air monitoring.

1. Air quality monitoring with
Emerging technologies
Presented by:
Ashlesha chavan(SH20008)
Uday Induri(SH20019)
Mainak Mukharjee(SH20030)
Abinash Patra(SH20041)
Pratik shende(SH20052)
PGP HSEM GROUP 8 NICMAR
Under Guidance of
DR. R. S.
Mamillapalli

2. CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
a) SCOPE
b) OBJECTIVES
c) POLLUTANTS AND THEIR
EFFECTS
d) AIR SAMPLING PROCESSES
e) APPLICATION OF AQI
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. METHODOLOGY
4. DATA COLLECTION
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6. CONCLUSION
7. REFERENCES

3. Scope
 As the environmental awareness of urban citizens increases, traditional air
quality monitoring stations cannot satisfy the need for air quality data at high
temporal and spatial resolution due to their high construction and maintenance
costs.
 Therefore, we propose to extend the use of air quality monitoring via data
analysis method of international standards.
 Here we analyzing the data collected from CPCB (CENTRAL POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD) and computed the air quality index (AQI) and gave those
inputs to an integrated device which can be able to give us a cautionary value by
which we can be alerted and improve our quality of air constituents. This
cautionary value gives us the qualitative data of a certain environment by which
we can take preventive measures.

4. OBJECTIVES
 Where air quality standards exist, control agencies and citizens' groups need
information on the concentrations of the substances specified in the regulations.
This information is obtained from networks of stations whose locations should
be widely accepted as being representative of urban conditions; sometimes the
network design and station siting criteria may have been specified in an
ordinance or by-law.
 Monitoring is required for the development and validation of multiple source air
pollution models that predict climatological frequency distributions of
concentrations. The models are used in the preparation of various land-use
scenarios for industry, transportation and power generation.
 Here we only calculating the AQI of different pollutants and put them in a
programmable manner that in future we will be cautioned by electronic sensors.

5. POLLUTANTS AND THEIR EFFECTS
 Pollutants in different fields
 Air pollutants
1. Primary pollutants
2. Secondary pollutants
 Major pollutants sources and effects
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Oxides of nitrogen
4. Oxides of Sulphur
5. Particulate matters
6. Lead

6. Air sampling process
 Air sampling technology
 Air sampling calculation
 Air sampling based on the particulate pollutants
1. Sedimentation
2. Filtration
3. Impingement
4. Precipitation’
5. Thermal precipitation
6. Electrostatic precipitation

7. Application of AQI
 It is an index for reporting daily air quality. It tells you how clean or
unhealthy your air is and what associated health effects might be a concern.
The AQI focuses on health effects you may experience within a few hours or
days after breathing unhealthy air.
 AQI shows the amount and types of gases dissolved in the air. There are 6
categories of the air have been created in this air quality index. It is an index
for reporting daily air quality.
 It tells you how clean or unhealthy your air is and what associated health
effects might be a concern. The AQI focuses on health affects you may
experience within a few hours or days after breathing unhealthy air.

8. LITERATURE REVIEW
Name Of
The Author
Year
Purpose/Objectives Findings Result
He Zhang,
Ravi
Srinivasan
The purpose of their
study was examine air
pollution in different
ages people. Also their
purpose on study
indoor pollutants
causing harmful effect
on health.
The paper contribute to
determine the usefulness of
an temperature& humidity
change and cause their
adverse effect of the
area.& also low cost air
quality measure respective
use particular sensor.
In their study result
shown the air quality
sensor show different
size of particulate matter
at their location.

9. Priyanka
D’Souza ,
Amin
Anjomshoa,
Fabio
Duarte,
Prashant
Kumar
The purpose was aimed to
discover the air quality
management network based
provide real time information
which relatively provide using
sensor.
To determine they
monitored particulate
matter which using
Polludrone sensor. it
collected data& analyse&
also it only work in
specified range of
temperature &relative
humidity.
Study result that
sensor Polludrone is
comprehensive
hyper local
pollution data
generator which is
low area pollutants
i.e.PM10&PM2.5
found mostly
maximum during
winter & post
monsoon summer.

10. Simoni, Sibel Mentese,
Nihal Arzu Mirici
The research was aimed
(sick building
syndrome)SBS people in
building suffer from
symptoms of illness.&
suffering health effect due
to poor health quality
The study adopted it will
investigate 121 hours of 3
different towns of analyse
the data of pollutants. air
samplings consider 1.5m
above ground& 3m away
from building of their
pollution sources.& they
also found (VOC)gas
mainly effect their health
system.
The paper contribute
various symptoms occurred
due to (SBS).It reduced
work efficiency and
increasing absenteeism.it
also preexisting illness or
other allergies
Sibel Oymak, Muserref
Tatman Otkun, Osman
Cotuker
The aimed of study worst
level of air pollution are
observed in Delhi. The
impacts are devesting
reduction in life expectancy.
The paper found main
sources is vehicle exhaust,
power generation(industry
brick kilns) suspended dust
on roads due to valve
amount of construction.
The study reveals is that
vehicular pollution alone
contributes about 72% of
the total air pollution load
in Delhi as estimated using
emission factor and
activity-based-approach
recommended by IPCC.

11. METHODOLOGY
 An air sample requires three basic measurements:
a) Amount of pollutant collected
b) Flow of air through the medium
c) The run time in minutes
 Flow×time(in minute)=volume through filter in cubic meter
 Concentration in microgram per cubic meter or in ppm
 Air pollutant sampling are of two types:
a) Air sampling based on the particulate pollutant
b) Air sampling based on the gaseous and vapor pollutant

12. DATA COLLECTION
 The given data indicates the Air Quality Index of Visakhapatnam City,
Andhra Pradesh. The data is taken from 1st, March 2021 to 31st, March
2021. We can observe that PM10 is high in this city
 This is because of vehicular and ship emissions, smoke and haze from
factories, as well as the large number of industrial materials being
moved through the port area, often giving off large amounts of
particulate matter. With heavy loads of items such as coal being
transported in large quantities, they would give off huge clouds of soot
and carbon particles through their movement alone, polluting the air
long before they make their way to a furnace for combustion.

13. Air Quality Index of Visakhapatnam City, Andhra Pradesh

14. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Pollutants AQI Value Remark
PM2.5 74.22 Moderate
PM10 237.04 Very Unhealthy
NO2 67.52 Moderate
SO2 18.39 Good
CO 1.52 Good
 C – Average of the pollutant’s data collected.
 C of the PM2.5 – 47.57
 Chigh- Highest data of the pollutants data collected.
 Chigh of PM2.5- 80.72
 Clow- Lowest data or value of the pollutants data collected
 Clow- of PM2.5- 19.76
 Ihigh- Based on the Chigh the weight AQI value
 Ihigh of PM2.5-90 ( Universal data of AQI) because range of the AQI is 61-90
 Ilow- Lowest value of AQI based on AQI range
 Ilow of PM2.5- 61
IPM2.5 = 90 − 61) ÷ (80.12 − 19.76 × 47.57 − 19.76 + 61
= 74.22
= Moderate

15.  Reduction of PM10 can be follows:
 By-passing of trucks through the proposed peripheral ring road around Bangalore 13.8%

 Installation of DOC and DPF devices in all pre-2010 diesel vehicles 13.0%

 No power cuts leading to zero usage of DG sets 12.8%

 Ban on 10 year old commercial vehicles in 2012 and 2017 12.5%

 Ban on any new industries in city limits(6.2%) and fuel shift towards cleaner fuel NG (5.3%) in existing industries 11.5 %

 Avoid using uncertified electronic air cleaners in vehicles because some produce ozone, which may harm your health

 Most vehicles have a pleated air filter in the outside-air intake for the passenger compartment. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to
change the cabin filter regularly. Install a HEPA filter if available

 Close windows and use the air recirculation setting (close vents) in heavy traffic, but air out the vehicle periodically to avoid drowsiness
from build-up of exhaled carbon dioxide

 Avoid long warm-ups (especially in an enclosed space) and unnecessary idling, especially near schools and hospitals

 Keep your vehicle properly tuned and maintained.

16. CONCLUSION
 The AQI study reveals that particulate matter mainly responsible for air
pollutions.
 Our study tells that PM10 as the dominant pollutant in the index value.
 We have to look for appropriate pollution control and management plans like
plantation, source control, and green belt etc. for the betterment of civic life.
 We would like to conclude that we studied about the air pollution and air
quality monitoring, how it works and its application in our project. In
literature review we studied about the technology of indoor air quality,
sensor based wireless air quality management network and long term multi-
parametric air quality monitoring of household.

17. REFERENCES
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