Cephalopods such as octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish evolved large brains, complex senses, and rapid locomotion for predation, but their numbers have declined dramatically. Vertebrates may have outcompeted cephalopods by developing active predatory lifestyles. Mollusks are a large phylum that includes snails, slugs, mussels and octopuses. They have soft bodies that are sometimes covered by an external shell secreted by the mantle. Mollusks display bilateral symmetry and their body plans generally include a head-foot region and visceral mass.
Phylum Mollusca-my report..
sorry for some overlapping of texts... i was not able to edit it..it is actually because of the animations that i put it..... i just uploaded it directly :)
Porifera is a phylum of primitive invertebrate animals comprising the sponges and having a cellular grade of construction without true tissue or organ formation but with the body permeated by canals and chambers through which a current of water flows and passes in its course through one or more cavities lined with choanocytes.
Phylum Mollusca, Class Polyplacophora, Class Monoplacophora, Phylogenetic con...Dr. Muhammad Moosa
In this presentation, Phylum Mollusca Is described. After watching this you will learn Evolutionary Perspective of Mollusca and Relationships to Other Animals, Molluscan Characteristics, Class Gastropoda, Torsion, Shell Coiling, Locomotion, Feeding and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions, Reproduction and Development, Gastropod Diversity, Class Bivalvia, Shell and Associated Structures Gas Exchange, Filter Feeding, and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions Reproduction and Development, Bivalve Diversity, Class Cephalopoda, Shell, Locomotion, Feeding and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions, Learning, Reproduction and Development, Class Polyplacophora, Class Scaphopoda, Class Monoplacophora, Class Solenogastres, Class Caudofoveata, Further Phylogenetic Considerations. It is part of BS Zoology Course, Animal diversity.
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
“PostgreSQL, Python and Squid” (otherwise known as, “using Python in PostgreSQL and PostgreSQL from Python”) presented at PyPgDay 2013 at PyCon 2013-Christophe Pettus
Phylum Mollusca-my report..
sorry for some overlapping of texts... i was not able to edit it..it is actually because of the animations that i put it..... i just uploaded it directly :)
Porifera is a phylum of primitive invertebrate animals comprising the sponges and having a cellular grade of construction without true tissue or organ formation but with the body permeated by canals and chambers through which a current of water flows and passes in its course through one or more cavities lined with choanocytes.
Phylum Mollusca, Class Polyplacophora, Class Monoplacophora, Phylogenetic con...Dr. Muhammad Moosa
In this presentation, Phylum Mollusca Is described. After watching this you will learn Evolutionary Perspective of Mollusca and Relationships to Other Animals, Molluscan Characteristics, Class Gastropoda, Torsion, Shell Coiling, Locomotion, Feeding and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions, Reproduction and Development, Gastropod Diversity, Class Bivalvia, Shell and Associated Structures Gas Exchange, Filter Feeding, and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions Reproduction and Development, Bivalve Diversity, Class Cephalopoda, Shell, Locomotion, Feeding and Digestion, Other Maintenance Functions, Learning, Reproduction and Development, Class Polyplacophora, Class Scaphopoda, Class Monoplacophora, Class Solenogastres, Class Caudofoveata, Further Phylogenetic Considerations. It is part of BS Zoology Course, Animal diversity.
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
“PostgreSQL, Python and Squid” (otherwise known as, “using Python in PostgreSQL and PostgreSQL from Python”) presented at PyPgDay 2013 at PyCon 2013-Christophe Pettus
Mollusca of India and need for conservationAshish sahu
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda. The members are known as molluscs or mollusks. Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species
Lecture on arthropods and echinoderms.pptEsayDawit
zoologist now what are arthropods, what are the distinguishing features and what are echinoderms with identifying their features from the rest other invertebrates.
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class ReptaliaiPagador
In order for us to understand how all living organisms are related, they are arranged into different groups. The more features that a group of animals share, the more specific the group is. Animals are given scientific names so that people all around the world can communicate about animals, no matter what language they speak (these names are traditionally Latin words). Animals belong to a number of different groups, starting with the animal kingdom.
Kingdom
All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are five different kingdoms to classify life on Earth, which are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, and Protists (single-celled organisms).
Phylum
The animal kingdom is divided into 40 smaller groups, known as phylum. Here, animals are grouped by their main features. Animals usually fall into one of five different phylum which are Cnidaria (invertebrates), Chordata (vertebrates), Arthropods, Molluscs and Echinoderms.
Class
The phylum group is then divided into even smaller groups, known as classes. The Chordata (vertebrates) phylum splits up into Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish) , Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles).
Order
Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. The class Mammalia (Mammals), splits into different groups including Carnivora, Primate, Artiodactyla and Rodentia.
Family
In every order, there are different families of animals which all have very similar features. The Carnivora order breaks into families that include Felidae (Cats), Canidae (Dogs), Ursidae (Bears), and Mustelidae (Weasels).
Genus
Every animal family is then divided into small groups known as genus. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genus including Felis (small Cats and domestic Cats), Panthera (Tigers, Leopards, Jaguars and Lions) and Puma (Panthers and Cougars).
Species
Each individual species within the genus is named after it's individual features and characteristics. The names of animals are in Latin so that they can be understood worldwide, and consist of two words. The first word in the name of an animal will be the genus, and the second name indicates the specific species.
Example 1 - Tiger
Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrate)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal)
Order: Carnivora (Carnivore)
Family: Felidae (Cat)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera tigris (Tiger)
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Evolutionary Perspective
Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish are some of the invertebrate
world’s most adept predators. Predatory lifestyle have result in
the evolution of large brains( by invertebrates standards ),
complex sensory structures( by any standards ), rapid
locomotion, gasping tentacles, and tearing mouthparts.
Cephalopods now includes only about 550 species
Zoologist do not know why cephalopods have decline so
dramatically.
Vertebrates may have outcompeted cephalopods because the
vertebrates (bony fish) acquired active, predatory lifestyle.
3.
4. What is Molluscan/ Mollusc?
Came from the Latin word molluscus mean Soft.
They are Triploblastic
Consider second largest animal phylum.
It includes herbivores, carnivores, filter feeder and
parasite.
An invertebrates for a large phylum that includes snail,
slugs, mussels, and octopuses.
They have soft, segmented body and live in aquatic or
damp habitat, and most kinds have an external
Calcareous Shell.
Known as cone shells deliver a painful sting that can be
a lethal to human.
6. Characteristics of Phylum Mollusc.
Body of two parts Head-Foot and Visceral mass.
Mantle that secretes a calcareous shell that covers the
visceral mass.
Mantle Cavity functions in Excretion, Gas exchange,
elimination of digestive waste and release of
reproductive products.
Bilateral symmetry.
Protostome characteristics, including trochophore
larvae, spiral cleavage, and schizocoelous coelom
formation.
Coelom reduce to cavities surrounding the heart,
nephridia, and gonads.
7. Open circulatory system in all but on class
(Cephalopods).
Radula usually present and use in scraping food.
8. The Three main body region of a
Mollusc/ Mollusk
Head-Foot Is the elongated w/ an anterior head
containing the mouth and certain nervous and sensory
structure, and an elongated foot, used for attachments
and locomotion.
Visceral Mass Contains the organs of digestion,
circulation, reproduction, and excretion and is positioned
dorsal to the head-foot. It includes mantle that cover the
visceral mass and may secrete a shell.
9. Mantle Usually attaches to the visceral mass,
enfolds most of the body, and may secrete a shell that
overlies the mantle.
10. Three layers of Shell
Outer layer outer margin that secrete protein
called Periostracum( is a thin organic coating or “skin”
w/c is the outermost layer of the shell of many shelled
animals).
11. Middle Layer is the thickest of the three layer and
consist of calcium carbonate mixed with organic
materials called Prismatic Layer ( producing tissues and
a screen and consisting of calcite or aragonite).
12. Inner Layer forms a thin sheets of calcium
carbonate altering with organic matter called
Nacreous Layer ( also known as Mother of Pearl, is an organic-
inorgani ccomposite material produce by some mollusks as an inner
shell layer; it is also what makes up the outer coating of the pearl).
13. Classification of Mollusca
Class Gastropods ( G. gastro, stomach and podos,
foot).The large stand most divers of the mollusc
classes and it includes the snails, limpers and
slugs, conch, whelks and nudibrach.
Usually found on marine habitats and they are
herbivores.
They have an elongated, flattened foot and a
one-piece coiled shell that protects the visceral
mass
15. Land snail
Such as Helix aspersa
They are Hermaphroditic
They have three obvious division of the body:
1.Head a flat long
2. Muscular foot
3. Visceral mass surrounded by shell and
provide protection from the predator and prevent
desiccation (drying out).
16. Nudibranch
Comes from the L. nudus, naked and brankhia,
gills.
Aquatic Gastropods that have a gill in their mantle
cavity richly supplied with blood vessels, functions
as a lungs when air is moved in and out through
respiratory pores.
Group of soft bodied, marine gastropods mollusks w/c
shed their shell after their larval stage
18. Limpets
Often found living on hard surface in the
intertidal zone.
Can found on in the places rich in algae on
most rocky shores.
They are very hardy species and are even
found on the stormiest shore all year round
20. Whelks
Is the common name that is applied to a
various kinds of sea snail many of which
have historically been used, or are still used,
by humans for food.
They also known as welkor evenwilks. The
word originated from the from the Proto-
Germanic root “weluka”, meaning toturn or
revolve.
22. Conch
A tropical marine mollusks with a spiral
shell that may bear long projection and have
a flared lip.
They also called Concha
Is a common name that is applied to a
number medium to a large-sized sea snail or
other shells.
24. TorsionOne of the most significant modifition of the
molluscan body forms in gastropods occurs early in
development.
Is a 180, counter clockwise twisting of the visceral
mass, mantle, and mantle cavity.
Torsion portions the gills, anus, and openings from the
excretory and reproductive system just behind the
head and nerve cords, and twists the digestive tract
into a U shape.
It is the action of being twisting or the state of
being twisted, especially of one of an object
relative to the another.
