This document provides an overview of genetics and DNA. It defines key terms like genetics, temperament, DNA, genes, and discusses how characteristics are passed from parents to offspring. It also explains the three factors that determine a person's characteristics: genetic factors from DNA, environmental factors like parenting and friends, and spiritual factors from one's relationship with God. DNA is found coiled in the nucleus of cells and contains the genetic code for making proteins that influence traits like eye color.

1. Module 7
Cellular Reproduction and
DNA

2. Genetics
 What characteristics of your parents do
you share?
 Do you look a lot like one parent or the
other OR do you look like another
relative?
 What about your siblings? Do you look
alike or not? What characteristics do
you share?

3. Genetics
 How can a set of brown-eyed, brown haired
parents have a child with blue eyes and blond
hair?
 What do you think about parents who have
conducted in strength training or strenuous
activities producing a strong child?
 Discuss - Genetics vs. God Given
Temperament

4. Genetics
 Define Genetics
 The science that studies HOW
characteristics get passed from
parent to offspring
 Define Temperament
 The God given makeup of YOU –
most people call it personality
(but there is a difference)

5. Genetics
 Most of your “traits” and
“characteristics” are governed by what
kinds of proteins your cells make
 Eye color – dependent on what proteins
are produced in some of the cells in
your eyes – the special coding
 Your DNA determines your eye color

6. Genetics
 What is DNA?
 Deoxyribonucleic Acid
 Let’s watch a short video clip on DNA
 http://
www.brainpop.com/health/geneticsgrowth
/

7. Let’s Discuss
 Where in the cell is DNA found?
 In the cell’s nucleus
 Is everyone’s DNA different?
 Yes!
 How is DNA arranged in your body?
 In a spiral shape called a Double
Helix with long strands called
Chromosomes

8. DNA
 What are the four
chemicals that pair
up with one another
in a DNA strand?

9. DNA
 Their pair up ONLY in this format:
 Adenine with Thymine – remember “AT”
 Guanine with Cytosine

10. DNA
 What are your thoughts on cloning
people and/or animals?
 With a partner discuss the pros and
cons of genetically modified plants (5
minutes), then we’ll discuss

11. DNA
 How has the use of DNA helped us today?
 Diseases or malformations
 Cures or treatments for certain diseases
 Amniocentesis on babies
 Debunk evolutionists that we were created on
purpose by our Creator and not evolved
 Paternity tests
 Forensic Science and Crime Scene Investigation –
innocent or guilty??

12. Interesting DNA Trivia
 Human DNA contains about 3 billion base pairs
arranged into 46 chromosomes
 Humans and E coli bacteria share about 7 percent of
the same DNA
 A significant percent of DNA has no known function
(so far as we know it…). Scientists call it “junk DNA”
and may play a roll we just don’t understand yet
 Every minute, your body produces enough DNA that
if the strands were stacked end to end, they’d be
100,000 kilometers long (60,000 miles)
 The genetic difference between two unrelated people
is about 0.2% of their DNA

13. DNA
 DNA is NOT the only factor in determining
what kind of person you will be
 Scientifically, there are three factors in
determining the characteristics of a person:
 Genetic Factors
 Environmental Factors
 Spiritual Factors

14. Genetic Factor
 The general guideline of traits
determined by a person’s DNA

15. Environmental Factor
 Those “nonbiological” factors that are
involved in a person’s surroundings
such as the nature of the person’s
parents, the person’s friends, and the
person’s behavioral choices
 I call this character and personality

16. Spiritual Factor
 The factors in a person’s life that are
determined by the quality of his or her
relationship with God

17. Let’s Compare Factors with
Temperament
 Temperament has Personality or
Self-Selected Mask
three basic building
blocks
Learned Behavior or
Character
God given Temperament

18. Genes
 The information for an organism’s DNA
is split up into little groups known as
genes
 Gene – a section of DNA that
codes for the production of a
protein or a portion of protein,
thereby causing a trait

19. Let’s watch…
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=V9BZ3zx8b8I&feature=related

20. Question
 Two identical twins have exactly the
same set of genes. They are separated
at birth and grow up in different
households. If a scientist were to study
the twins as adults, would be find them
to be identical in every way, since they
have the same genes? Why or why
not?