This document outlines the pre-construction planning process for occupational safety and health on a construction project. It discusses examining contract documents to identify safety constraints, conducting a risk assessment to determine hazardous operations and high-risk tasks. It also covers planning logistics like site layout, temporary facilities, equipment needs, and storage areas. The document emphasizes that thorough pre-construction planning is important for budgeting, preparation, and proactively managing OSH risks during the work. Effective planning helps implement basic OSH requirements and make necessary arrangements to protect workers and others on-site.

1. PRE-CONSTRUCTION OSHPLANNING
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY & HEALTHOFFICER

2. a) identify basic OSH requirements to be
considered during pre-construction stage;
and
b) make necessary arrangements during pre-
construction stage.
To enable the participants to:

3.  Proper planning should be an integral
part of efficient running of a
construction operation.
 It is not only for overall preparation
and budgeting purposes but also a
proactive measure for handling and
managing occupational safety and
health matters for the work to be
carried out.

5. Examine contract documents, specifications and
drawings - to establish any constrains which
might affect the site layout or method of
construction
CONTRACT
DOCUMENT
CONTRACT
DOCUMENT

6. Location of
Sites
Environmental
Matters
Nature of Site

7. Determine logical sequence of work and identify
any high risk operations, hazardous process, etc.
Site Clearance
Demolition

8. Construction Operations
High Risk Operations
Determine logical sequence of work and identify
any high risk operations, hazardous process, etc.

9. Access
Equipment
Determine the type and capacity of plant and
need for competent operators:
Lifting Appliances &
Gears
Mobile Plant
Site
Transport
Power Supplies
Workshop
Requirements

10. Determine requirements for temporary
accommodations
Welfare & First Aid Facilities
Offices Canteen
Temporary Living
Accommodation
Laboratory
Facilities?

11. Determine storage requirements e.g. for:
a) Steel.
b) Formwork.
c) Cements.
d) Pre-cast Units.
e) Scaffolding.
f) Bricks, Blocks & Sand.
g) Structural elements.H
h) Highly flammable liquids,
LPG, explosives and waste.

12. Define areas of the site for:
a) access for plant, materials
and emergency services.
b) fixed plant, e.g. tower
cranes, batching plant, bar
bending and workshops.
c) mobile plant, e.g. cranes, dumpers, fork lifts,
concrete trucks, pumps, etc.
d) temporary accommodation.
e) material storage.

13.  Determine measures for site security and
protection of the public, particularly
children.
 Determine arrangements for liaison with
neighbourhood.

15. 1. Sets out the
arrangements for
securing OSH at work.
2. Based on preliminary
assessment outcome.
Project
Safety
&
Health
Plan

16. It deals with:
OSH risks to
workers &
others
Arrangemen
ts for
Control &
Monitoring
of OSH
Arrangemen
ts for
HIRARC,
ERP, etc.
Project
Safety &
Health Plan

17. It should include:
Project
Safety &
Health Plan
1. OSH Policy
&
Objectives
2. Assignment of
OSH
responsibilities
3. Methods for
HIRAC, JSA,
etc.
4.Accident
investigation
& reporting
5.On-site ERP
6. Site
communicatio
ns
7.Safety audit
program
8.Co-ordination of
on-site trade
activities

18. Outline – Heading Information
Co. Reg. No :
12345-X
Proposed Construction and Completion of
Water Treatment Plant at Bandar Baru
Wangi, SELANGOR DARUL ENSHAN
Contract No : JPP/WT/1/2005
Revision No : 0 Date : 28 Oct 2004
28/10/04Approved By
Ariffin Ahmad
Project
Manager
Ariffin
DateTask Name &
Designation
Signature
21/10/04Prepared By
Mohammad Razali
Mamat Safety & Health
Officer
MRM
25/10/04Checked By
Kamarulzaman bin
Musa Safety & Health
Manager
Kamarul
Document No : XYX/WT/SH/01
Document
Revision No
& Effective
Date
Document
No
Contractor’s
Name
Issue No
Project Title
& Contract
No

19. Outline – Contract Description
Office : 03-87841008 Fax : 03-87841009 H/P : 012-
3456789
The Construction & Completion of Water Treatment Plant
at Bandar Baru Wangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Scope of Work
RM 25 million
To construct a reinforced concrete water reservoir of 1
million liter capacity.
To install electrical and mechanical equipment for the
treatment work.
1 Oct 2004 – 31 March 2005 (18 Months)
Ariffin bin Ahmad
Project Title
Contract No JPP/WT/1/2005
Contract Sum
Contract
Period
Project
Manager
Contact
Number

20. SAFETY & HEALTH POLICY
3,000,000 MAN-HOURS WITHOUT LTI THROUGHOUT DURATION OF CONTRACT
At XYZ Construction Sdn. Bhd our Safety & Health Policy is based on a belief that the
well-being of person employed at work or person affected by our work is a major priority
and must be considered during all our undertakings.
Employees are our most important asset and their safety & health is our greatest
responsibility. The public should be given equal priority to that of our employees.
We are committed in ensuring all our legal obligations as stipulated under the
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994, Regulations & Orders and other applicable
legislative requirements are complied with.
1. provide necessary resources for implementing all arrangements made under the
policy.
2. make safety & health as an integral part of and culture within the project – all
employees shall cooperate and responsible in all safety & health matters.
3. ensure Safety & Health shall be given utmost priority in all activities – SAFETY
FIRST.
4. establish an effective consultation and communication mechanism, in particular
through the Safety & Health Committee.
5. provide necessary education and training for all employees.
The prime objective of our Safety & Health Policy for this Project is to achieve:
The Project Manager shall be assisted by the Safety and Health Officer in ensuring the
intent of this policy being translated into action effectively and smoothly .
In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective and to comply with relevant statutory
obligations, so far as is practicable XYZ Construction Sdn. Bhd. will:
Date : 25 Oct 2004Tan Sri Ahmad bin Dollah
Managing
Director
1.Contractor’s
written statement
confirming OSH
commitment.
2.Quantifiable
Objective.
3. Arrangements to
achieve OSH
objectives.
4.Person responsible
for effective
implementation &
monitoring.
6.Dated by
organisation’s highest
authority.
5.Signed by
organisation’s highest
authority.

21. How is the
accountability fixed
- delegated
responsibilities are
undertaken?
How is the
policy
implementation
monitored?
Who is
responsible to
whom and for
what?

22. Commitment &
Leadership
Policy
Planning &
Implementation
Organising
Evaluation
Corrective Action
Continual
Improvement
Other organizational features should include:
1.individual job
descriptions having a
safety content.
2.details of specific safety
responsibilities.
3.the role and
function of
safety
committee(s).
4.the role and function
of SHO & SSS.
5.an organization
chart - lines of
responsibility &
accountability

23. DESIGNATED PERSON
MANAGING
DIRECTOR
PROJECT MANAGER
SHO
PROJECT ENGINEER /
SITE AGENT
CONSTRUCTION
MANAGER
DESIGNATED PERSON DESIGNATED PERSON
Communication
Responsibility & Accountability

24. Responsibilities, Authority & Accountability – An Example
XYZ Construction Sdn. Bhd. will provide the following key personnel on site. Their roles and
responsibilities, authority and accountability regarding safety on site are outlined below.
PROJECT MANAGER
Mr. Ariffin bin Ahmad as the Project Manager is responsible, authorised and accountable for
safety and health on the project. Duties include:
1. implementing the company Occupational Health Safety and Rehabilitation procedures;
2. using the principles of the Hierarchy of Controls in all design, fabrication and construct
activities to minimise the risk to all personnel in the workplace;
3. carrying out a design review with the Client’s representative to assist in the identification of
further risk reduction controls measures;
4. participating in the planning and design stages of trade activities;
5. stimulating a high level of safety awareness at all times;
6. identifying safety training needs;
7. leading by example;
8. ensuring safe equipment and plant is provided and maintained;
9. insisting on correct and safe work practices at all times;
10.assisting in the identification and preparation of safe work procedures;
11.reviewing safety reports and inspections and initiating rectification where necessary;
12.participating in accident/incident investigations;
13.participating in safety meetings and programs; and
14.monitoring compliance with safe work methods (controls).

25. Responsibilities, Authority & Accountability – An Example
SITE SUPERVISOR
Mr. Lee Chong Meng as the Site Supervisor is responsible, authorised and accountable for
safety and health on the project. Duties include:1. implementing the company Occupational Health Safety policy and procedures;
2. observing all OHS requirements and statutory rules and regulations;
3. ensuring that all works are conducted in a manner that is safe and without risk to employees health
and safety;
4. planning to do all work safely;
5. providing advise and assistance on OHS to all employees;
6. participating in the planning and design stages of trade activities;
7. ensuring current OHS and other relevant legislative requirements are met in the workplace;
8. identifying OHS training programs in advance and allowing for employee/s identified as requiring
training to attend the training;
9. actioning safety reports and carrying out workplace inspections;
10.preparing and participating in safety meetings and safety programs;
11.facilitating the preparation of Safe Work Procedures and Method Statement for the trade;
12.insisting and ensuring on safe work practices at all times;
13.investigating hazard reports and ensuring that corrective actions are undertaken;
14.conducting project inductions, toolbox talks and daily team briefings;
15.participating in accident/incident investigations;
16.leading by example and promoting OHS at every opportunity;
17.supervising and ensuring compliance with safe work procedures; and
18.providing suitable employment to assist rehabilitation initiatives; and stimulating a high level of safety
awareness at all times.

26. a) Site Safety Induction.
b) Risk Management.
c) Safe Work Procedures.
d) Workplace Inspection.
e) Consultation & Communication.
f) Emergency Preparedness.
g) Incident Investigation & Reporting.
h) Occupational Health Arrangements.
i) Performance Monitoring.
j) Non-Compliance.
k) Promotion, etc.
1. This part deals with the practical arrangements
by which the policy will be effectively
implemented.
2. These include:
ARRANGEMENTS

28. to protect the public
from site hazards
to prevent children
straying on the site
provided with suitable
perimeter fencing

29. Standard of fencing required for a particular site
will depend on the hazards and environmental
conditions of the worksite as well as its location.

30. Some factors to consider:
building
height (e.g.
more than 1
storey).
location near
shops,
offices,
schools,
residential
areas.
whether
there are
any trenches
and trench
depth.
whether the
site is
vacant
outside
work hours

31. Consideration forlevel of risk:
High risk - Areas that the public would
normally access or pass through - it is
necessary to prevent public access to
the work site.
Medium risk - Areas with moderate
public traffic, such as suburban
residential areas - it is necessary to
restrict access to the worksite, and
provide warning of the hazard.
Low risk - Areas with minimal public
access such as rural areas or new sub-
divisions require a lower level of
protection.

33. separate
padestrian
route
safe access
and good
visibility
trained banksman/
traffic controller
one-way
systems
routes must
be
maintained
in good
suitable
warning and
directional
signs

35. Location of store and storage areas will be
determined by:
availability of space nature of the materials
statutory requirementssuitable off loading
areas and lifting
equipment

37. Physical features on the site, building under
construction and environmental constraints will
determine positioning of cranes, hoist and other
lifting appliances.

39. The positioning and marking of temporary services
should be carefully undertaken to avoid possibility
of accidental damage.

41. Adequate space must be allowed for lighting towers
and for scaffolding and other support work.

43. 1. Rubbish dumping area must be allocated.
2. Arrangements for regular disposal must be
determined particularly for scheduled waste.

45. Consideration should be given in parking facilities
either on or off site.

47. To appoint full time
qualified safety and health
officer for work with
contract sum more than
RM20 million.
Occupational Safety & Health
(Safety & Health Officer)
Orders1997.
3
To appoint qualified
person as safety and
health officer.
Occupational Safety & Health
(Safety & Health Officer)
Regulations 1997.
2
Appointment of safety and
health officer.
Section 29, Occupational
Safety & Health Act 1994.
1
ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO

48. ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
controlling public vehicular
traffic.
Sub-Reg. 18 (1), F&M (BOWECS)
1986 – Public Vehicular Traffic
6
Other contractor than the main
contractor to appoint part-time
contractors’ safety
supervisors if employ more
than 20 workers.
Regulation 26, Factories &
Machinery (Building Operations &
Works of Engineering
Construction) (Safety)
Regulations 1986.
5
Main contractor to appoint a
part-time site safety
supervisors.
Regulation 25, Factories &
Machinery (Building Operations &
Works of Engineering
Construction) (Safety)
Regulations 1986.
4

49. ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
inspection and maintenance of
safety belts/harnesses.
Sub-Reg. 54(1), F&M (BOWECS)
1986 – Safety Belt / Safety
Harness
8
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
supervising concrete work,
formwork, shoring and
other support systems.
Sub-Reg. 29 (1), (2) & (3), F&M
(BOWECS) 1986 – Concrete Work,
Formwork, Shoring & Other
Supports
7
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
controlling public vehicular
traffic.
Sub-Reg. 18 (1), F&M (BOWECS)
1986 – Public Vehicular Traffic
6

50. ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
supervising demolition works.
Reg. 103, F&M (BOWECS) 1986 –
Demolition
11
To appoint competent person as
designated person for erection,
alterations, dismantling and
maintenance of scaffolds.
Sub-Reg. 74 (1) & 85 (1), F&M
BOWECS) 1986 - Scaffolds
10
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
inspection and maintenance of
safety nets.
Sub-Reg. 57 (1), F&M (BOWECS)
1986 – Safety Net
9

51. ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
supervising works related to
the use of explosives and
blasting.
Reg. 135, F&M (BOWECS) 1986 –
Blasting & Handling of Explosives
14
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
supervising pile driving and
load tests.
Reg. 125 & 127, F&M (BOWECS)
1986 – Piling
13
To appoint competent person as
designated person for
supervising excavation works.
Sub-Reg. 111 (2) & 113 (2), F&M
(BOWECS) 1986 – Excavation
Work
12

52. ACTIVITIESACT/REGULATIONNO
To establish Safety &
Health Committee when
employing 40 or more
workers or as directed by
the Director General of
DOSH.
Section 30, Occupational
Safety & Health Act 1994
16
To appoint chemical risk
assessor when using
chemical hazardous to
health.
Regulation 11, Occupational
Safety & Health (Use &
Standards of Exposure of
Chemicals
Hazardous to Health)
Regulations 2000
14

54. 1. Copies of main contractor’s safety policy should
be given to all sub-contractors name of Safety &
Health Officer/Supervisor.
2. All sub-contractors shall furnish main contractor
with copies of their policies and name of their
Safety & Health Officer/Supervisor.
3. Relevant codes and standards to be adopted as
term of references should be identified and
agreed.

55. 4. Requirements for sub-contractors
representatives in the project Safety & Health
Committee should be discussed and appropriate
arrangements made.
5. Procedures and arrangements for any necessary
mandatory and site specific induction training
and other necessary training through out the
duration of the contract should be identified and
agreed.
6. Establish and agree procedures for reporting
injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences
both to relevant authority and site management.

56. 7. Arrangements welfare and first aid facilities are
to be agreed and any shared facilities are to be
confirmed.
8. First aid arrangements should include the
appointment of first aiders and procedures for
responding quickly to an accident and for calling
emergency services.
9. Requirements and provision of appropriate items
to be agreed, together with arrangements for
storage, inspection and any necessary training.

57. 10. Agree on any processes or operation requiring a
permit-to-work/enter system. Determine which
sub-contractors are affected and establish
formal procedures.
11. Responsibilities and procedures for dealing with
access problems common to all sub-contractors
(such as scaffolds, floor openings, etc.) and
disputes on safety matters.
12. Agree provision of appropriate fire fighting
equipment for work processes and, stores,
accommodation and offices.

58. 14. Agree procedures in the event of fire, rescue
from confined spaces and any other emergency
that occurred at the workplace.
15. Agree arrangements for the storing of
materials and the cleaning of waste on a regular
basis. Provision should be made for the main
contractor to contra-charge sub-contractors
where these arrangements are not followed.
16. Determine site rules, to include where
appropriate, client’s rules. Copies of site rules
to be issued to all sub-contractors.

59. 17. Arrangements for early installation of a telephone
or any other suitable means of communication are
essential for both business and safety reasons.
18. Telephone numbers to be contacted in the event of
an emergency should be displayed.
19. A specific general site rules outline the do’s and
dont’s should be established.

60. DOEDOSH

61. Construction Industry Development Board
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Contractor Registration & Levy
for Contract Sum More Than
RM500,000.00
2 Part VIII, Lembaga
Pembangunan Industri
Pembinaan Malaysia 1994
Contractor Registration1 Part VI, Lembaga Pembangunan
Industri Pembinaan
Malaysia 1994

62. Department of Occupational Safety & Health
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Registration of construction
sites when work is expected to
be completed for a period more
than six weeks – JKJ 103.
2 Section 35, Factories &
Machinery Act 1967 and
Regulation 3, Factories and
Machinery (Notification,
Certificate of Fitness and
Inspection) Regulations 1970
Registration of factories such as
casting yard and batching plant
– JKJ 101.
1 Section 34, Factories &
Machinery Act 1967 and
Regulation 3, Factories and
Machinery (Notification,
Certificate of Fitness and
Inspection) Regulations 1970

63. Department of Occupational Safety & Health
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Employer to notify JKKP on the
appointment and termination of
Safety & Health Officer within one
month
5 Reg. 14, Occupational
Safety & Health (Safety &
Officer), Regulations 1997
Permission to install machinery
requiring Certificate of Fitness
such as tower cranes, gantry, etc. –
JKJ 105 & JKJ 127.
3 Section 36(2) of the Act
and Regulation 7(1) of
Factories and Machinery
(Notification, Certificate of
Fitness and Inspection)
Regulations 1970 Permission to use/operate other
machinery (not requiring COF) for
the first time – JKJ 106.
4 Section 34, Regulation 7(2)
of Factories and Machinery
(Notification, Certificate of
Fitness and Inspection)
Regulations 1970

64. Department of Environment
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Approval of plans to carry
out on any premises or
land that may result in a
new source of effluent
discharge.
2 Regulations 5(1)
Environmental Quality
(Sewage and Industrial
Effluents) Regulations
1979
Approval of plans to carry
out work that would cause
land or building to become
prescribed premises.
1 Section 20(1),
Environmental Quality Act
1974

65. Local Authorities
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Notice of Commencement
of Resumption of Building
Operations.
3 By-Law 21(1) of the
Uniform Building By-Laws
Submission of Plans for
Approval.
1 By-Law 3(1)(c) and 16(2)
of the Uniform Building
By-Laws
Application for temporary
permits for erection of
sheds for store, depositing
of materials on streets,
etc.
2 By-Law 19 of the Uniform
Building By-Laws

66. Local Authorities
APPLICATIONNO LEGAL PROVISIONS
Certificate of Fitness for
Occupations.
6 By-Law 25(1) of the
Uniform Building By-Laws
Notice of Completion of
Setting Out.
4 By-Law 23(1) of the
Uniform Building By-Laws
Notice of Completion of
Excavation for Foundation.
5 By-Law 24 of the Uniform
Building By-Laws

67. OTHER DEPARTMENTS / AGENCIES
APPLICATIONNO AGENCIES
Handling & Use of
Explosives.
3 Police Department
Storage of Flammable
Materials.
1 Fire & Rescue Department
Food Handler to be
Vaccinated.
Report on Epidemics.
2 Health Department

69. 1. As with other potential
hazards that may arise in the
course of any construction
work, a temporary traffic
management must be
developed before
commencement of work.
2. The objective is to safeguard
not only the workers
involved in the work but also
members of the public who
might be affected by the
work activities.

70. Consider the following:
1. Width of road – is there enough room for traffic
and plant to manoeuvre safely?
2. Can the road shoulders be used to provide an
additional traffic lane.
3. Traffic density – what will be the likely effects
on safety and health, and delays in traffic
movements and construction time of the
alternative option.

71. 3. Percentage of heavy vehicles – consider seasonal
operations.
4. Terrain – will terrain introduce additional
hazards such as curves, swamp, etc.
5. Environmental factors – take into account the
range of environmental conditions, such as wet
conditions, poor visibility and darkness.

72. 1. Pedestrian detours are clearly defined, and
pedestrians protected from the dangers of road
traffic when using any detour.
2. The passage of vehicles across footpaths is to be
supervised, to remove danger to the public.
3. Flagmen, barriers, signs or traffic lights are used
to stop the public passing under suspended loads
(unless there is a protective gantry).
4. Excavations are fenced, and, if they are like to
retain water, are covered and securely fenced to
prevent access for children. If in public places,
they should have warning signs, and warning
lights at night

73. 5. Pneumatic tools are to have silencers, and piling
dollies are to be of timber or neoprene so that
noise is kept to acceptable levels.
6. If scaffolding must intrude on to footpaths, it is
to be clearly marked, and padded if there is any
risk of causing injury.
7. Adequate security of the site is to be provided
during non-working periods.

74. 1. Define speed limit.
2. Minimize the amount
of noise workers are
exposed through
administrative or
engineering control.
3. Protection for slope
/sides of excavation.

75. 1. through the work site; or
2. around the work site; or
3. redirected past the work site by detour, which
may be via an existing road or side track.
4. should meet the standard requirements as
stipulated under Arahan Teknik Jalan JKR or
relevant local authorities
Depending on the circumstances, movement of
traffic may be achieved in one of three ways:

77. Unless required by the law, PPE should be opted as
the last line of defence after due considerations
have been given to other alternative controls –
elimination, substitution, isolate and administrative
control.

78. a) the need for provision of personal protective
equipment;
b) training in the use of personal protective
equipment;
c) standards which apply to personal protective
equipment;
d) signs to inform persons about personal
protective equipment;
e) the system of control over the supply
allocation, maintenance and repair of
personal protective equipment, and
documentation.
Every employer must be aware of:

79. 1. Every employer should assess the need for
personal protective equipment on the basis of
risk.
2. Once risk has been assessed, personal protective
equipment can be selected according to
availability, appropriateness and suitability for
the wearer.

80. 3. When selecting personal protective equipment
for a particular work process or series of tasks,
consider the following general principles:
a) Be familiar with the risks of the work process -
involve evaluating the nature of the risk,
circumstances and restrictions of the tasks to be
performed.
b) Be aware of the acceptable level of risk to which
the worker may be exposed and hence the
performance requirement of the chosen
equipment.
c) Compare performance requirements with the
capability of different types of personal

81. d) Make sure that the item chosen is appropriate
to the risk.
e) Where several types of personal protective
equipment are required to control multiple
risks presented by the one work process,
make sure that the items are compatible.
f) Make sure that the item will fit properly, as
‘inadequate fit’ can limit an item’s protective
capability.

82. g) Consider workers’ medical conditions, which
can influence whether they can use certain
items of equipment.
h) Consider the comfort of the item when
choosing equipment.
i) Make sure that the item is worn correctly.
j) Consult with those workers and others who
must wear the equipment when choosing
the items.
k) Give preference to items of personal
protective equipment, which comply with
the relevant standards

83. 1. Store personal protective equipment in a clean and
fully operational condition.
2. Storage arrangements should ensure that the
equipment is safe from interference and damage,
and easily accessible when needed.
3. Items of personal protective equipment should also
be checked regularly, as specified by the
manufacturer or supplier.
4. Repair or discard damaged or defective personal
protective equipment.
5. Institute a program to ensure that personal
protective equipment is being properly maintained

84. a) maintenance duties and responsibilities.
b) designation of personnel;
c) storage procedures;
d) cleaning procedures.
e) checking procedures.
f) information about the duration of protection
from gloves, respiratory canisters, etc; and
g) criteria for replacement.
6. As part of the maintenance program,
determine and record:

86. 1. With the multi background of construction
workers, safety signs play vital role in
disseminating information and instruction to
the workers and others.
2. The purpose of hazard and safe signs is to draw
attention to objects and situation which may
affect or could affect safety or health.
3. Unfortunately the safety signs being used on
most construction sites are of various types and
standards.

87. 1. Safey Colour - A colour to which a specific safety
or health meaning or purpose is assigned.
2. Contrasting Colour - A colour that contrasts with
the safety colour in order to make the latter
more conspicuous.
3. Symbols - A pictorial representation used on a
safety or health sign

89. 1. If identification is required of places where there
is risk of collision, falling, stumbling, falling
objects or where there are steps, holes in floor
or similar hazards.
2. Combination of fluorescent orange-red* or safety
colour yellow in either black case.

95. 1. Accurately forecasting the cost of future projects
is vital to the survival of any business.
2. Cost estimators develop the cost information that
business owners or managers need to make a bid
for a contract or to determine budget for the
work to be executed efficiently.
3. They also determine which endeavors are making
a profit.
4. Construction Safety & Health Officer could assist
the cost estimator in identifying safety and
health requirements for a particular project.

96. a) Will the work involve any special or unusual
hazards (i.e. asbestos, lead, isocyanates,
excessive noise, process chemical, etc.).
b) Will any Statutory provisions need to be
complied with.
c) Is there any codes of practice, guidelines or
standards that need to be referred to?
1. Special Hazards – Applicable Acts, Codes of
Practice, Standards and Guidelines

97. a) Is relevant government agencies (i.e. DOSH,
CIDB, DOE, BOMBA, etc.) to be notified prior
to commencement of work?
b) Will any Statutory provisions need to be
complied Are there any legal requirements
for appointment of designated persons for the
work activities (i.e. scaffold erector,
authorized gas tester, etc.) to be carried out?
c) If any of the above is applicable, has the
necessary notification and arrangements been
made?
2. Statutory Notification & Other Requirements

98. a) Are all personnel to be employed have attended the
mandatory Safety Induction for Construction
Workers ?
b) Is specific site safety induction required?
c) How long is the site safety induction to be?
d) Where and when the site safety induction will take
place?
e) Is there any other training required?
f) What categories of employees will be trained?
g) What, where and where the training is to be
conducted?
h) Who will structure and conduct the training?
i) What follow-up training will be carried out during
3. Induction & Other Training Requirements

99. a) Does the size and nature of the project
justify the appointment of site safety
supervisor to assist the full-time Safety
& Health Officer?
b) Is there any other surveillance
required?
4. Control and Monitoring

100. a) Is there ready vehicle access to the site?
b) Is this access wide enough?
c) Is there a need for special access road for delivery
vehicles?
d) Is there a need for appointment of designated traffic
controller at the site entrance?
e) What types of warning and directional signs are needed at
the site entrance?
f) Is a dust nuisance occasioned by vehicle movement on site
in dry weather likely to arise?
g) If so, is provision being made for a water-spray vehicle,
etc.?
h) Is there any requirement by the local authority for the
provision of washing ramp/bay at the site entrance for
vehicle leaving the site?
5. Site Access

101. a) What will be the scaffolding requirements throughout
the work?
b) Who will provide the scaffolds?
c) Is it possible to make one company responsible for all
scaffolding on site, including erection, maintenance
and inspection?
d) Is there a need for appointment of designated traffic
controller at the site Will any special access
equipment be needed during the work (i.e. cherry-
picker, mobile tower scaffold, power elevated mast
platform, etc.)?
e) Who will provide ladder and who will be responsible
for checking the safe condition and use of those
ladders?
6. Safe Means of Access/Work Place

102. a) What part of the site will require
artificial lighting?
b) What sort of lighting will be used and at
what stage will it be used?
c) Who will be responsible for installing
external and internal artificial lighting?
d) Are there any other lighting aspects to
be considered?
7. Temporary Lighting

103. a) During the work, will there be any operations
involving repetitive manual handling of heavy
objects?
b) What are these operations?
c) What provision is being made for mechanical
lifting aids?
d) Are there any other lighting aspects to be Is
special training of manual handling to be
conducted?
8. Manual Lifting/Handling

104. a) Will the work involve mechanical lifting and/or
use of mobile cranes?
b) Will tower cranes be involved?
c) If so, have the supplier been identified?
d) Will it possible to establish and implement a
system whereby mobile cranes are not allowed
to enter the site unless the operator and
signalman are competent and the machine is
possessing valid PMA?
8. Mechanical Lifting/Handling

105. a) Are there any known buried services on
site (electric cables, gas/water mains,
sewers, etc.)?
b) Has the survey been carried out to
identify those services?
c) Are there any requirements for the
establishment and implementation of
Permit-to-Excavate system ?
9. Buried Services

106. a) Are there any overhead services on the site?
b) If so, what is their nature (voltage carried by
cables, etc.)?
c) At what height above ground are these overhead
services?
d) Will these overhead services intrude upon crane
operation?
e) If so, what is to be done to minimize any danger?
f) Will construction/vehicle operations have to take
place under these overhead services?
g) Will provision of height restriction (goal post
barrier) necessary?
9. Overhead Services

107. a) Is a competent electrician is required?
b) What type portable electrical tools will be
used on site?
c) Who will be responsible for temporary
electrical installation?
d) Who will be responsible for testing and
commissioning permanent electrical
installation?
e) Will the use of electrical ‘Permit-to-Work’
and ‘Lock-Out Tag-Out’ systems be necessary?
10. Electrical Safety

108. a) Will any significant or abnormal fire risks be
associated with the work?
b) What are these risks?
c) Should specific site personnel be trained in fire-
fighting techniques? If so, when and how?
d) Will there be a need for organized Fire
Fighting/Rescue Team?
e) What type of fire fighting equipment is needed?
f) Will there be any need for LPG to be used on site?
g) If, so, what are the storage arrangements?
h) Is the Fire & Rescue Department to be notified for
highly flammable material stored on site?
11. Fire Protection

109. a) Will toxic substances being used on site?
b) If so, what provisions are to be made to mitigate the
potential hazards?
c) Is plant/machinery capable of producing sound levels
more than 90dBA during the work?
d) If, so what are the provisions to be made to avoid risk of
site personnel of noise induced hearing loss?
e) Is there any activities might pose employees to
hazardous substances?
f) If so, are provisions for authorized gas tester and
suitable respiratory protective equipment required?
g) Will workers expose to biological hazards?
h) If so, what provisions are to be made to mitigate the
potential hazards?
12. Occupational Health Risks

110. a) What provisions are to be made for
toilets, washing and sanitary facilities?
b) Is site canteen required and who will
provide it?
c) How and by whom site accommodation
be kept clean?
d) How and by whom waste to be
regularly removed from site?
13. Welfare Amenity Provisions

111. Construction Safety & Health Officer
(CSHO) Module 1
111