Continuation of the cell structure and function. This presentation highlights the cell cycle and concentrate on how cell division occur and the steps involved in cell dividing.
2018/2019
Continuation of the cell structure and function. This presentation highlights the cell cycle and concentrate on how cell division occur and the steps involved in cell dividing.
2018/2019
Solution manual for design and analysis of experiments 9th edition douglas ...Salehkhanovic
Solution Manual for Design and Analysis of Experiments - 9th Edition
Author(s): Douglas C Montgomery
Solution manual for 9th edition include chapters 1 to 15. There is one PDF file for each of chapters.
1. Week 5 Assignment - Case Study Statistical ForecastingDr. TatianaMajor22
1. Week 5 Assignment - Case Study: Statistical Forecasting
Dr. Megan Zobb, a key researcher within the North Luna University Medical Center, has been studying a new variant of a skin disease virus that seems to be surfacing among the North Luna University population. This variant (which has been tentatively named Painful Rash or PR), leads to the formation of surface lesions on an individual's body. These lesions are very similar to small boils or isolated shingles sores. These PR lesions are not necessarily clustered as shingles lesions are, but are isolated across the body.
Insights From Initial Interviews
Megan is initiating some efforts at a preliminary analysis. She has seen 20 initial patients and made several observations about the skin disease. She wants to analyze this initial data before structuring and recommending a more encompassing study.
The signs and symptoms of this disorder usually affect multiple sections of the patient's body. These signs and symptoms may include:
· Pain, burning, numbness or tingling, but pain is always present.
· Sensitivity to touch.
· A red rash that begins a few days after the pain.
· Fluid-filled blisters that break open and crust over.
· Itching.
Some people also experience:
· Fever.
· Headache.
· Sensitivity to light.
· Fatigue.
Pain is always the first symptom of PR. For some, it can be intense. Depending on the location of the pain, it can sometimes be mistaken for a symptom of problems affecting the heart, lungs, or kidneys. Some people experience PR pain without ever developing the rash. The degree of pain that the individual experiences is seemingly proportional to the number of lesions.
Dr. Zobb is extremely concerned that this new variant is especially challenging to the younger population, who are active and like to be outdoors. She has asked you as an analyst and statistician for some assistance in analyzing her initial data. She is not a biostatistician, so she requests that you explain the process you use and your interpretation of the results for each task.
Initial Data Analysis
Dr. Zobb has accumulated some data on an initial set of 20 patients across multiple age groups. She believes that the data suggests younger individuals are affected more than others. She wants you to complete the tasks shown here based on the data below.
For each of the following, provide a detailed explanation of the process you used along with your interpretation of the results. Submit the response in a Word document and attach your Excel spreadsheet to show your calculations (where applicable). Be sure to number each response (e.g., 1.a, 1.b,…).
1. Develop an equation to model the data using a regression analysis approach and explain your calculation process in Excel.
1. Calculate the r-square statistic using Excel. Interpret the meaning of the r-square statistic in this case.
1. Determine three conclusions that address the initial observations and are supported by the regression analysis.
Regression Anal ...
Basic Business Statistics Chapter 3Numerical Descriptive Measures
Chapters Objectives:
Learn about Measures of Center.
How to calculate mean, median and midrange
Learn about Measures of Spread
Learn how to calculate Standard Deviation, IQR and Range
Learn about 5 number summaries
Coefficient of Correlation
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
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Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
2. Prayer
Dear Lord and Father of all
Thank you for today
For your protection and love we thank you
Help us to focus our hearts and minds now on what
we are about to learn
Inspire us by Your Holy Spirit as we listen and write.
Guide us by your eternal light as we discover more
about the world around us.
We ask all this in the name of Jesus.
Amen.
4. Let’s Review!
CONVERSION OF UNITS
1. 8 km =_________ m
2. 6 ft =_________ in
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
1. 0.00518 =_________
2. 452 X10-4 =_________
8000
72
5.18 X10-3
0.0452
Differentiate accuracy from precision
5. Most Essential Learning Competency
1.Differentiate random errors from
systematic errors (STEM_GP12EU-Ia-3)
2.Estimate errors from multiple
measurements of physical quantity
using variance (STEM_GP12EU-Ia-5)
6. Engage:
Fill in the graphic organizer below.
TYPES OF ERROR SOURCES OF
ERROR
Preventable Natural Variation
7. EXPLORE: MINIMIZING ERRORS
Objective
• Demonstrate the sources of experimental error and the
effect of replicate measurements in reducing the size of the
error.
Materials: ruler
Task:
• Using a ruler, measure the largest span of your left or right
hand in centimeters (cm) – this is the largest distance you
can reach between the tip of your smallest finger and end of
your thumb (see figure on the right). Write down your
measurement, relax your hand, then measure it again. Do
this again until you have a total of ten measurement.
9. Q1. Are the results exactly the same for all ten measurements? If
not, what is the largest difference between the values?
Q2. Why do you think measurements are different?
Q3. What is the importance of taking repeated measurements of
a single quantity?
Q4. Do you think you will have a different result if you used a
different measuring tool? Why or why not?
Q5. Suggest ways to minimize the differences in measurements
10.
11. Error
the difference
between your results
and the expected or
theoretical results.
1. RANDOM ERROR
occurs due to chance
caused by slight fluctuations in an
instrument, the environment, or
the way a measurement is read.
How to address random error ?
By replication(repeating a
measurement many times and
taking the average).
12. Error
the difference
between your results
and the expected or
theoretical results.
2.SYSTEMATIC ERROR
gives measurements that are
consistently different from the
true value in nature
one form of bias
Bias is often caused by
instruments that consistently
offset the measured value from
the true value
14. Error cannot be
completely
eliminated, but it
can be reduced
1. Instrumental error
happens when the
instruments being used
are inaccurate, broken or
not properly calibrated.
15. Error cannot be
completely
eliminated, but it
can be reduced
2. Environmental error
happens when some
factor in the environment,
such as temperature,
leads to error.
16. Error cannot be
completely
eliminated, but it
can be reduced
3. Procedural error
occurs when different
procedures are used to
answer the same question
and provide slightly
different answers.
17. Error cannot be
completely
eliminated, but it
can be reduced
4. Human error
due to carelessness or to
the limitations of human
ability. Two types of
human error are
transcriptional error and
estimation error.
18. Error cannot be
completely
eliminated, but it
can be reduced Transcriptional error occurs
when data is recorded or
written down incorrectly.
Estimation error can occur
when reading measurements
on some instruments.
HUMAN ERROR
19. Situational Analysis
Suppose you are
trying to determine
which will reach the
ground first a crumpled
piece of paper or a rock
when released from the
same height at the same
time
1. What type of error
might you make and
what sources might
have caused it?
2. Can you do anything to
reduce the amount of
error that might occur?
20.
21. Suppose you want to
know just how high the okra
you planted at the beginning
of your summer vacation
have grown. You take several
measurements just to be
sure. Here are the
measurements you came up
with.
22. Mean (𝑋)
𝑋 =
𝑋
𝑛
Where:
x is each value in a data
set
𝑋 is the mean of all
values in the data set
n is the number of
measurements
the expected central
value for a set of data.
24. (X - 𝑋)
the expected central
value for a set of data.
Trial 1 22.8-22.8 = 0
Trial 2 23.1-22.8 = 0.3
Trial 3 22.7-22.8 = -0.1
Trial 4 22.6-22.8 = -0.2
Trial 5 22.8-22.8 = 0.2
25. (X - 𝑋)𝟐
Trial 1 02
= 0
Trial 2 0.32
= 0.09
Trial 3 - 0.12
= 0.01
Trial 4 - 0.22
= 0.04
Trial 5 0.22
= 0.04
the difference between
a measured quantity and
its true value.
0.18
JUST
ADD
26. STANDARD DEVIATION
SD =
(x − 𝑋)𝟐
𝑛
SD =
0.18
5
SD = 0.036
SD = 0.189 OR 0.19
the expected spread from
the mean for a set of data.
27. STANDARD ERROR of the MEAN
SEM =
𝑺𝑫
𝒏
=
𝟎.𝟏𝟗
𝟓
=
0.19
2.24
= 0.08
estimates how repeated measurements taken on the
same instrument are estimated around the true score.
The SD is a measure of the
amount of variation due to
differences among individuals.
It is not due to errors in
measurement and differs from
the SEM, which is caused by
errors in replicate
measurements.
28. HOME-BASED ACTIVITY
Two students determined the concentration of a
hydrogen peroxide solution by the same volumetric
technique. They each carried out the analysis in
triplicate and obtained the results you see in the
data table. The true concentration of the hydrogen
peroxide solution is 0.893 mol L-1 .Determine the
error in measurements of students A and B by solving
for the SD and SEM. Show your complete solution.
29. Student A B
Hydrogen peroxide
concentration/mol
L-1
0.893 0.884
0.897 0.882
0.889 0.883