The document outlines the tourism planning process, which involves 7 steps including background analysis, research, visioning, goal-setting, plan development, implementation, and evaluation to holistically address impacts and stakeholders. Reasons for tourism planning include negative impacts, increased competition, and the need for community participation. Barriers to planning include costs, complexity, business diversity, and seasonality, highlighting the importance of a structured process.

1. 1Module 2aTourism PlanningDestination Marketing and PlanningProfessor Alastair M. MorrisonLesson 4

2. 2The Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. DestinationPart 2. Part 4.MarketingTravelPart 3.Demand

3. 3Module 2a. Tourism PlanningThe Basics

4. Reasons for Tourism Planning

5. Consequences of Unplanned Tourism Development

6. Barriers to Tourism Planning

7. Purposes of Tourism Planning

8. Steps in the Tourism Planning ProcessThe BasicsDue to range of impacts, and the wide spectrum of stakeholders involved, there is a need for a holistic approach to tourism development, management and monitoring. 4

9. Reasons for Tourism PlanningTourism development has both negative and positive impactsTourism is more competitive than ever before and there has been a proliferation in the promotion of tourism destinationsTourism is a more complicated phenomenon than it was previously thought to beThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. Destination

10. Reasons for Tourism PlanningYi ethnic minority, Sichuan, ChinaTourism has damaged many natural and cultural resourcesTourism affects everyone in a community and all people involved in tourism should participate in the tourism planning processThe Destination Life CycleThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. DestinationTujia ethnic minority, Chongqing, China

11. Consequences of Unplanned Tourism DevelopmentPhysical impacts

12. Human impacts

13. Marketing impacts

14. Organizational impacts

15. Other impactsThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. Destination

16. Barriers to Tourism PlanningObjections to the principle of tourism planning:1. The costs of conducting tourism planning processes can be high2. The complexity of tourism and the large number of government agencies involved3. The diversity of tourism businesses4. The seasonality of tourism in many destinations5. The high ownership turnover in tourism businessesThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. Destination

17. Purposes of Tourism Planning1. Identifying alternative approaches2. Adapting to the unexpected3. Maintaining uniqueness4. Creating the desirable5. Avoiding the undesirableThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. Destination

18. Steps in the Tourism Planning ProcessThe Tourism System(Mill & Morrison, 6th ed., 2009)Part 1. Destination1. Background analysis 2. Detailed research and analysis 3. Synthesis and visioning 4. Goal-setting, strategy selection, and objective-setting 5. Plan development 6. Plan implementation and monitoring 7. Plan evaluationEach of the seven steps involves a variety of steps, activities, participants, and outcomes.

19. 11Step 1: Background AnalysisSub-StepsOutcomesCatalog of government policies, goals, objectives and programs1a. Review of government policies, goals, objectives and programsList of destination mix elements and components1b. Inventory of existing destination mix elements and componentsDescription of past visitor profiles1c. Description of existing tourism demandDescription of major tourism strengths, weaknesses, problems, and issues1d. Review of strengths, weaknesses, problems, and issues

20. 12Step 2: Detailed Research and AnalysisSub-StepsOutcomesMaps showing disposition of tourism resources