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1. TOURISM PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT

3. PLANNING
• Planning is a dynamic process of
determining goals, systematically
selecting alternative courses of
actions to achieve those goals,
implementing the chosen
alternatives, and evaluating the
choice to determine if it is successful.

4. TOURISM PLANNING

5. WHAT IS TOURISM PLANNING???
• Tourism planning is the process of
considering the needs of people planning
a trip and using those factors to
determine the best resources, programs
and activities for their trip. Tourism
planning is intended for local residents
and businesses of the location, as well as
tourists who travel there.

6. ESSENCE OF TOURISM PLANNING
• Tourism planning involves the coordination
with other government agencies to improve
tourism-related infrastructure. The planning
also extends to participation of the private
sector, the hotels and restaurants, travel
transport, and even popular outlets (like
Jollibee) that can help as information centers
(in the absence of actual tourist information
centers)

7. • The planning process is essential as it provides
plenty of resources and information for
travelers, while ensuring that the location and
local businesses provide everything needed to
improve their tourism. In tourism planning,
every factor is considered, ranging from finding
a variety of accommodations to fit travelers'
different wants and needs to locating special
programs and activities in that location.

8. What are the consequences of having a lack of tourism
planning or poor tourism planning?
• The consequences of having a lack of tourism
planning or poor tourism planning is that the
tourism industry is unorganized, the tourist
does not take the opportunity to travel, the
numbers of tourists decrease. and profits
decrease.

9. A. PHYSICAL IMPACTS
• Damage or permanent alteration of the
physical environment
• Damage or permanent alteration of the
historical/cultural landmarks and resources
• Overcrowding and congestion
• Pollution
• Traffic problems

11. B. HUMAN IMPACTS
• Less accessibility to services and tourist
attractions for local residents resulting in local
resentment
• Dislike of tourist by local residents
• Loss of cultural identities
• Lack of education of tourism employees in skills
and hospitality
• Lack of awareness of the benefits of tourism to
the destination area.

13. C. MARKETING IMPACTS
• Failure to capitalize on new marketing opportunities.
• Erosion of market shares due to the actions of
competitive destination area.
• Lack of sufficient awareness in prime markets
• Lack of clear image of destination area in potential
markets.
• Lack of cooperative advertising among individual
operators
• Inadequate capitalization in packaging opportunities.

14. D. ORGANIZATIONAL IMPACTS
• Fragmental approach to the marketing and
development of tourism, often involving
“competitive splinter groups”.
• Lack of cooperation among individual operators.
• Inadequate representation of the tourism
industry’s interests.
• Lack of support from local public authorities.
• Failure to act on important issues, problems and
opportunities of common interest to the industry.

15. E. OTHER IMPACTS
• Lack of sufficient attractions and events.
• High seasonality and short lengths of stay.
• Poor or deteriorating quality of facilities and
services.
• Poor or inadequate travel information
services.

16. TOURISM PLANNING IN DEVELOPED
COUNTRIES
• In general planning for tourists is less difficult in
developed countries than it is in developing ones.
• Planning is important and should provide a quality
environment for both tourists and residents.
• The planning process for tourism development is
the same as in city or regional planning. Most
problems involve policy decisions on alternative
land uses for the health and welfare of the citizens.

17. • In countries with less control over the economic
sector, guidelines and ordinances can restrict private
development to prescribed areas, while in others, all
development can be directed by the central
government.
• Target countries or states can be identified as
potential tourist generators through research and
market analysis. Proper planning include
government assistance in direct advertising to
attract tourist.

18. • In developed countries, planning and
construction of infrastructure facilities is a
must particularly in areas that do not have
them. For regions that have existing
infrastructure, the planning process should
include alternatives to improve or further
develop it.

19. TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
• Tourism is important in bringing the much
needed foreign currency for developing
countries. Mexico and Spain for example have
benefited very much from tourism.
• Other advantages are increased employment
opportunities and the development of
infrastructure. Roads, water and sewage
systems provided for tourists also help local
industries.

20. • Planning in developing countries should
consider the cultural impact of tourism on the
area. Many times the culture may be so fragile
that tourism can greatly influence it particularly
in developing countries.
• In a developing society, people tend to adopt
the lifestyle of the tourists changing their
clothing, food and other customs. In this way
the local culture is greatly influenced or altered.

21. BARRIERS TO PLANNING
The following are the barriers to tourism
planning and the problems associated with it.
1. Many people are against planning in principle,
particularly within the free-enterprise system.
Many businessmen view tourism planning as an
encroachment into their domain and are
skeptical of its real value.