This document provides guidelines for giving emergency care, outlining the need for preparation, four emergency action principles, and golden rules. The four principles are to survey the scene for safety, activate medical assistance, perform a primary survey checking consciousness, breathing, airway, and circulation, and do a secondary survey involving interviewing the victim and checking vital signs and doing a head-to-toe exam. The golden rules advise what to do, such as obtaining consent when possible and caring for the most serious injuries first, and what not to do, like leaving the victim alone or making unrealistic promises.

1. 2 MODULE

2. Guidelines in Giving Emergency Care

3. OBJECTIVES 1. Explain the need of preparation to a proper emergency care. 2. Describe the four emergency action principles 3. Enumerate the golden rules in giving emergency care. KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES:

5. 1. PLAN OF ACTION Emergency plan should be established based on anticipated needs and available resources. GETTING STARTED

6. 2. GATHERING OF NEEDED MATERIALS The emergency response begins with the preparation of equipment and personnel before any emergency occurs.

8. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES SURVEY THE SCENE Once you recognized that an emergency has occurred and decide to act, you must make sure the scene of the emergency is safe for you, the victim/s, and any bystander/s.

10. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE (AMA) OR TRANSFER FACILITY In some emergency, you will have enough time to call for specific medical advice before administering first aid. But in some situations, you will need to attend to the victim first.

11. Phone First and Phone Fast Both trained and untrained bystanders should be instructed to Activate Medical Assistance as soon as they have determined that an adult victim requires emergency care “Phone First”. While for infants and children a “Phone Fast” approach is recommended.

12. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES DO A PRIMARY SURVEY OF THE VICTIM In every emergency situation, you must first find out if there are conditions that are an immediate threat to the victim’s life.

13. Check for Consciousness Check for Breathing

14. Check for Airway Check for Circulation

15. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES DO A SECONDARY SURVEY It is a systematic method of gathering additional information about injuries or conditions that may need care.

16. 1. Interview the victim. 2. Check vital signs. 3. Perform head-to-toe examination.