The document discusses the importance of new materials in chemistry, highlighting three innovative examples: unbreakable glass, fungal foam, and shrilk. These materials exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, making them potential alternatives to traditional materials in various industries while offering environmental benefits. The authors emphasize the role of scientific discovery in advancing technology and improving sustainability for the future.

1. Chemistry I
Activity 6- STAGE 4
Modern MaterialsMarionCarolinaAlemánJiménez #1793955
DaniaReyesLópez #1801641
RogelioStilleRangel #1803015
MarceloZapiainPruneda #1816879
DiegoJoséOdriozolaMartínez#1794415
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE
NUEVO LEÓN
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Educación Bilingüe
TeacherValeriaVerdalet
Group120
17/11/15

2. In the chemistry field an “new material” is a lab-created
material or something newly found in nature. New materials
are essential for the science development, because science
depends on finding and utilizing new materials to keep it
moving forward.
For the following activity we focused on 3 main new materials we found
interesting to talk about:
•UNBREAKABLE GLASS
•FUNGAL FOAM
•BIO-INSPIRED PLASTIC

3. Elements Present: Alumina is the essential ingredient along with silicon
dioxide, this strengthening agent had to be added in a new way to keep it from
crystallizing before the glass could form .
This new “unbreakable glass” which is nearly
as strong as steel was developed by
researchers at the Tokyo Institute of Industrial
Science in Japan. This new material ranked on
par with metals normally used for industrial
applications.
Physical Properties: It is a completely transparent, thin and solid glass.
Unlike traditional ultra-strong glass, this has a very promising strength-to-weight ratio and
even thin layers are potentially incredibly resilient to damage or destruction.

4. Chemical Properties: It is a water and acid resistant.
Areas of Application: Because it is nearly as strong as steel it
is considered that it has potential applications ranging from electronics
to vehicles and architecture.
Relation of Chemistry: This new material has a very strong
relationship with the chemistry field, due to the elements from which it is
composed (Aluminum Oxide and Silicon dioxide) , that are the main protagonists
of the success of this material.
How was it made? The Tokyo team brewed up a method of
making glass that required no container at all: they used gas to push the chemical
components into the air, where they synthesized together.

5. This new material isn’t actually
on the market, because it is still
developing, what we know right
now is because the scientists
published their findings and aim
to commercialize their work in
the next five years, bringing it to
tablets, computers,
smartphones, cars and
buildings; all these of course
replacing common glass.

6. Elements Present: This new material is made of agricultural crop
waste, plant stalks and rice and wheat husks bonded together with mushroom roots
(called mycelium).
The foam is comparable in strength to
conventional foams, but a big differentiating
factor is how it ages. Accelerated aging tests
conducted to simulate material properties
over 30 years showed that Ecovative Design’s
foam doesn’t degrade with age and gets stiff
when subjected to heat.
Physical Properties: It is a white, opaque solid and soft material, with a
very low density, and gets stiff when subjected to heat.
Chemical Properties: Its chemical properties are what makes this new
material very valuable: it just takes one month for it to decompose.

7. Areas of application: This new material could be very useful in
many fields such as the automotive industry, plumbing, or household.
Relation of chemistry and other sciences:
This new material was discovered because of a lot of work and investigations through the
chemical and biological fields. If researchers didn’t know of what was everything
composed, they wouldn’t know how to create this fungal foam that brought big
advances to science.
*This Fungal Foam is being used throughout every vehicle
because of its softness and eco-friendlyness in seat cushions,
arm rests, head restraints, doors, and head liners, replacing
common foam such as Polyurethane, Evlon, Supreem and
many others.

8. Elements Present: Shrilk is composed of chitin commonly extracted
from discarded shrimp shells and fibroin protein from silk.
Researchers at Harvard University’s
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired
Engineering have developed a new
material (plastic) called Shrilk to
replicate insect cuticle’s strength,
durability and versatility.
Physical Properties: Shrilk is a thin, clear, flexible, and strong as
aluminum material at half the weight.
Chemical Properties: Shrilk degrades in just a few weeks, and releases
rich nutrients that support plant growth.

9. Areas of Application: Shrilk had a very great impact in many fields
such as the petrochemical industry because it is really cheap to obtain, and it doesn’t
harms the environment; reason that made this material a great substitute of PET.
Relation of Chemistry and other Sciences: The main
science with which this material is related with, is biology and ecology because finally
scientists discovered a new material that replaced common plastic and avoid polluting
more our environment. But it also has relationship with chemistry because of all the study
of polymers that the researchers had to make to discover this new and innovative
material.
*As we already stated, shrilk is replacing common plastic due to its durable
substances made from renewable cellulose, a plant-based polysaccharide.
Also because it is made from chitosan, a form of chitin , the second-most
abundant organic material on Earth.

10. The discovery of new materials is essential for the development
of sciences, because without new discoveries knowledge would
remain the same and science won’t grow. For this reason we
think it is really important for us to know at least a little bit
about the bonds, elements , compounds along with their
properties, because this is all that makes possible the creation
of a new material, and without this knowledge the world would
never do innovative discoveries.

11. Conclusions
DANIA REYES
In conclusion, scientist have been revolutionizing faster and faster getting
better and more ecological materials each year. At this step, we will be able to
have a better and more sustainable future with all the new and modern
inventions.
MARION ALEMÁN
I think all these discoveries have had such a great impact on our world, that
without them we wouldn’t know life as we do it today. For this reason science
is essential in our life, we should not just live what science provides us, but also
to provide new things to science , and for that we should study, read,
investigate and discover new things that enable us to create innovative ideas.
Believe it or not, chemical bonds are the basis for most substances that exist,
as well as the energy that powers them.

12. ConclusionsDIEGO ODRIOZOLA
I believe that science has found ways to solve problems in daily life or has made
tasks easier to make in ways that we had never imagined. Science will help us have
a better place to live in and will be our "savior".
MARCELO ZAPIAIN
Science, since the beginning of time, has helped us improve our lives, but it seems
that nowadays it is faster, in a near future science will make anything that we
humans need. We will someday find a perfect life for nature and for humans.
ROGELIO STILLE
In conclusion, taking note on all the given information you can realize that science
is one of the most valuable human aspects because we advance as a species to
understand our environment, surrounding and to better our grasp of reality.

13. REFLECTION
The creation or discovery of new materials and substances is
achieved thanks to all the knowledge about the elements that
surround us and of course chemical bonds. There are currently
118 different elements on the periodic table. Without chemical
bonds there would only be 118 different materials in the world,
and so a lot of the things that we have right know wouldn’t
exists. This is the reason why it is really important to know about
bonds, and how are they related to chemistry and the impact that
they have in our lives.

14. •ScienceDaily, (2015). New paper-like material could boost electric vehicle batteries.
[online] Available at: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150218165830.htm
[Accessed 15 Nov. 2015].
•Scientificamerican.com, (2015). 9 Materials That Will Change the Future of
Manufacturing [Slide Show]. [online] Available at:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/slideshow/9-materials-that-will-change-
manufacturing/#1 [Accessed 15 Nov. 2015].
•Autofieldguide.com, (2015). Fungus Foam : Automotive Design & Production. [online]
Available at: http://www.autofieldguide.com/articles/fungus-foam [Accessed 15 Nov.
2015].
•Westlund, D. (2014). Shrilk: The Sustainable and Biodegradable Plastic Made From
Shrimp Shells. [online] Guardian Liberty Voice. Available at:
http://guardianlv.com/2014/05/shrilk-the-sustainable-and-biodegradable-plastic-made-
from-shrimp-shells/ [Accessed 15 Nov. 2015].