The document outlines minimum energy performance standards for boilers to enhance energy efficiency, including various methods for evaluating boiler efficiency using direct and indirect approaches. It references multiple international standards for calculating and assessing thermal performance, highlighting significant efficiency losses and specific testing protocols for different fuel types. Implementation of labeling and standards by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency aims to result in substantial energy savings and CO2 reductions over the next decade.

1. MINIMUM ENERGY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR
BOILERS FOR PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2. BOILER EFFICIENCY
EVALUATION METHOD
INDIRECT METHODDIRECT METHOD

3. DIRECT METHOD
Boiler efficiency (): = Q x (H – h) x 100
(q x GCV)
Where Q = Quantity of steam generated per hour (kg/hr)
H = Enthalpy of saturated steam (kcal/kg)
h = Enthalpy of feed water (kcal/kg)
q = Quantity of fuel used per hour (kg/hr)
GCV = Gross calorific value of the fuel (kcal/kg)

4. Boiler Flue gas
Steam Output
Efficiency = 100 – (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8)
(by In Direct Method)
Air
Fuel Input, 100%
1. Dry Flue gas loss
2. H2 loss
3. Moisture in fuel
4. Moisture in air
5. CO loss
7. Fly ash loss
6. Surface loss
8. Bottom ash loss
INDIRECT METHOD

5.  IS 13979 : 1994 – METHOD OF CALCULATION
OF EFFICIENCY OF PACKAGED
BOILERS
 BS 845–1 : 1987 – METHODS OF ASSESSING
THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF
BOILERS FOR STEAM, HOT WATER &
HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT
TRANSFER FLUIDS
 ASME PTC 4.1 – TEST CODE FOR STEAM
GENERATING UNITS

6.  ALL THREE STANDARDS EVALUATE BY
INDIRECT METHOD
 CONVERGENCE IN EVALUATION PROCESS OF
ALL THREE TEST PROTOCOLS
 ASME PTC 4.1 - USED FOR HIGH CAPACITY
STEAM BOILERS USED IN POWER GENERATION

7. S.No. Loss Reference
IS 13979 :
1994
BS 845-1 :
1987
ASME - PTC
4.1
ASME – PTC 4.1
(Abbreviated)
1. Loss due to flue gas
 Dry flue gas loss √ √ √ √
 Loss due to hydrogen in fuel
√ √
√ √
 Loss due to moisture in fuel √ √
 Losses due to moisture in the air X √ √ X
2. Loss due to combustible in refuse √ √ √ √
3.
Losses due to radiation, Convection and Conduction from
boiler surface
√ √ √ √
4.
Other losses – sensible heat loss from boiler furnace, heat
recovery system, bag filter and dust collector refuse
√ X √ X
5. Loss due to unburned gases in the flue gases (CO)
√*
√ √ X
6. Heat loss due to heat pick up by cooling water
X √ X
7. Unmeasured/unaccounted losses X X √**
8. Loss due to un-burnt Hydrogen X X √ X
9. Loss due to un-burnt hydrocarbon X X √ X
* Assumed between 0.1 to 0.3% ** As mutually agreed up on

8. S. No. Particulars IS 13979 : 1994 BS 845-1 : 1987
ASME – PTC 4.1
(Abbreviated)
1 Calorific Value GCV or NCV GCV or NCV Only GCV
2 Type of fuel Solid or liquid fuels
Solid, Liquid or
Gaseous fuels
Any Single Fuel
3 Test duration
 Solid Fuels 6 Hours 2 Hours 4 Hours
 Liquid or Gaseous Fuel 4 Hours 1 Hour 4 Hours
4 Frequency of observation 15 Minutes 10 Minutes 15 Minutes
5 Radiation Loss estimation
Based on table for standard
boiler types
Based on table for
standard boiler
types
Based on ABMA chart
6 Corrections
Applicable for deviations
from specified conditions
No provision
Applicable for
deviations from
specified conditions
7 Unit System Used M.K.S. S.I. F.P.S.

9. S.No. Construction Type Efficiency on N.C.V. Exit flue gas temperature (°C)
1 Oil fired smoke tube 87 200-220
2 Oil fired water tube 89 160-180
3 Gas fired smoke tube 87 220
4 Gas fired water tube 89 160
5 Coal fired stationary grate 75 220
6 Coal fired travelling grate 78 180
7 Coal fired F.B.C. 83 180
8 Biomass fired stationary grate 75 220-260
9 Biomass fired travelling grate 78 160-180
10 Biomass fired F.B.C. 80 160-180
11 Power station steam generator 91.5/88 (on G.C.V.) 140

10.  STANDARDS & LABELING IS A PROMINENT
AND POWERFUL INSTRUMENT FOR
PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY.
 BUREAU OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY (BEE)
HAS ALREADY IMPLEMENTED S & L
PROGRAMS FOR REFRIGERATORS, TFLS,
ACs,TRANSFORMERS, MOTORS, PUMPS,
FANS, TV, LPG STOVE, WATER GEYSERS,
WASHING MACHINES AND LAPTOPS.

11.  AROUND 1500 BOILERS ARE SOLD PER YEAR
OF CAPACITY UP TO 10 TPH.
 CONSIDERING EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
OF 2-4 % SAVING OF 3.2 MILLION MTOE
(METRIC TONNE OF OIL EQUIVALENT) AND
CO2 REDUCTION OF 11 MILLION TONNES
OVER A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS CAN BE
ACHIEVED.