MERCHANT'S HOUSE IN STRALSUND, GERMANY gargoyle , stalactite/ muqarnas , bracket, buttress.
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MERCHANT'S HOUSE STRALSUND,GERMANY Introduction gargoyle , stalactite/ muqarnas , bracket, buttress.
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DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GENERATED 22 CUBE STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM TO AN 2...
NEW ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASTRONOMICAL MICROBIOLOGICAL & THEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES OF LAURELD SMITH OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS REVEALS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GEOMETRICT CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM THAT IS BASED UPON THE DOME OF THE CHAIN DUAL SET OF MASONIC CIRCLES ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE IMAGE THAT ALSO HAS A DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES UPON HIS FOREHEAD IN WHICH UNCOVERS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT GLOBED EARTH 2121 RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS OF THE ISAIAH 19:19 GIZA PYRAMIDS THAT ALSO APPEARS AS AN GLOBED EARTH 2121 DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES REVEALS ITS NORTH POLE CONCENTRICT MAP IMAGE OF PLANET EARTH WHERE WE SEE THE ARCTIC CIRCLE HOLY HYDROGEN LIGHT OF CREATION WITHIN THE APEX AREA OF THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED EGYPTIAN PYRAMID THAT HAS THE BIBLICAL JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GENERATED FROM THE PYRAMIDS INTERIOR BASE & WALL LINES AS EZRA 1:3 DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON EQUATORIAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE 2121 GLOBED EARTH ORIGINAL GIZA PYRAMID RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS AS WE REDISCOVER THE GEOMETRICT GLOBED EARTH RECTANGUALR KINGSCHAMBER DUAL SET OF MASONIC DOME OF THE CHAIN CIRCLES THAT APPEAR BELOW THE DOME OF THE CHAIN ARABIC 22 GRID NAME OF ALLAH WE SEE THE DOME OF THE CHAIN DUAL SET OF MASONIC CIRCLES GEOMETRICTCALLY GENERATED BIBLICAL ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE IMAGE WHO'S FORE HEAD BEARS THE IMAGE OF THE GLOBED EARTH 2121 ARCTIC CIRCLE AREA OF HYDROGEN LIGHT IN THE FORM OF A DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES THE FORE HEAD AREA OF THE DOME OF THE CHAIN ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE APPEARS IN THE APEX OF THE DUALSE TOF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED GIZA PYRAMID AS AN ARCTIC CIRCLE AREA OF HYDROGEN LIGHT THAT IS SURROUNDED BY THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON WHEN WE DRAW A LINE FROM THE NORTH TO THE SOUTH AND FROM THE EAST TO THE WEST ROOF LINE OF THE OCTAGON WE SEE THE IMAGE OF AN ETHIOPIAN CROSS 11 STRUCTURE OF KING LALIBELA THAT HAS 3 VERTICLE SQUARE SECTIONS & 3 HORIZONTAL SQUARE SECTIONS AS THEY ARE SEEN WITHIN THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED DOME OF THER OCK OCTAGON WHEN WE FOLD EACH OF THE VERTICLE & HORIZONTAL SQUARE SECTIONS OF THE ETHIOPIAN CROSS 11 OF KINGLALIBELA IN TOWARDS THE GOLDEN DOME AREA WE SEE THE CUBE STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM ENCLOSING THE 22 AFRICAN FACE FOREHEAD AREA OF ARCTIC CIRCLE HYDROGEN LIGHT IN WHICH CONFIRMS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THER OCK OCTAGON GENRATED RETURNING CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM THAT HOUSES 1ST JOHN 1:1 BIBLICAL HOLY HYDROGEN LIGHT OF CREATION WHERE WE SEE THE RETURNING CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM CONFORMIG TO THE GIZA PYRAMIDS DUAL SET OF MASONIC DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GLOBED EARTH 2121 SQUARED RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS OF AN NORTH POLE CONCENTRICTLY VIEWED EARTH TO CUBE 22 LATITUDE & LONGITUDINAL BASE MERIDIAN LINES.
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The Dome of the Rock was built in Jerusalem on the site where the Jewish Temple once stood, in order to establish Jerusalem as a major pilgrimage site for Muslims and discourage pilgrimages to Mecca. It was commissioned by Caliph Abd-Al-Malik in the late 7th century and features an octagonal exterior wall and a large central dome supported by an arcade, with mosaics and decorative elements conveying Islamic symbols.
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De souza arch set4
Romanesque architecture was popular in Italy and featured round arches, vaulted stone roofs, columns, and porticos. It was usually used for churches from the Early Christian period through the rise of Gothic architecture. Greek Revival architecture derived from Greek temples and featured porticos, columns, gabled roofs, and huge windows. It was a popular national style in the 19th century. Gothic architecture followed Romanesque/Norman styles and was used between 1200-1500 AD, featuring pointed arches, towers, buttresses, and sometimes gargoyles.
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Tepees were portable homes used by Native Americans on the Great Plains. Constructed from wooden poles and covered with buffalo hides, they had a conical shape and could house up to 40 people comfortably by providing warmth in winter and coolness in summer.
Neuschwanstein Castle is a large stone structure located in Germany featuring cone-shaped roofs. It was historically inhabited by German kings and queens and inspired the design of Sleeping Beauty's Castle at Disneyland.
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This document defines and provides examples of dominant architectural features commonly found on old buildings, with a focus on religious structures. It describes elements such as festoons, bull's eyes, roundels, rosaces, rose windows, spires (including broached spires), finials, pommels, acroteria, cupolas, tracery, corbels, portals, and porticos. Examples include circular stained glass windows, spires representing apostles on Notre Dame, and chatris used in local buildings. The document aims to highlight characteristic ornamentation and design elements of heritage architecture.
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Italian And French Renaissance
The gardens at Ham House were designed in the style of Italian Renaissance gardens, following principles laid out by Leon Battista Alberti in the 15th century. This included a central axis running from the house, crossed by perpendicular paths dividing the garden into geometric sections, meant to be viewed symmetrically from the house. French Renaissance influences are also seen, such as the cherry garden's parterres and allees of trees. The house's architecture was also designed to complement the layout of the gardens. Overall, the gardens exemplify 17th century aristocratic garden design that blended Italian symmetry with naturalistic French influences.
Farnsworth house
The Farnsworth House, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe between 1945-1950, is an iconic single-story glass pavilion supported by 8 steel columns situated on a flood plain along the Fox River in Illinois. The minimalist structure consists of a floor and ceiling slab sandwiching an open living space with few interior walls, using glass, steel, and stone to maximize views of the natural surroundings. Though pioneering in its open plan and use of modern materials, the house's lack of insulation and amenities made it difficult to live in comfortably.
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Holy Spirit University Kaslik - Structural Conception - Centre pompidou metz
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Architecture Presentation 1
The document provides brief descriptions of 14 famous architectural structures from around the world, including their location, materials used, dates of construction, and key architectural features. Some of the structures mentioned include the Great Pyramids in Egypt, Piazza San Marco in Venice, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, Antoni Gaudi's Casa Batllo in Barcelona, the Taj Mahal in India, Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, and Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater in Pennsylvania.
DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GENERATED 22 CUBE STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM TO AN 2...
NEW ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASTRONOMICAL MICROBIOLOGICAL & THEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES OF LAURELD SMITH OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS REVEALS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GEOMETRICT CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM THAT IS BASED UPON THE DOME OF THE CHAIN DUAL SET OF MASONIC CIRCLES ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE IMAGE THAT ALSO HAS A DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES UPON HIS FOREHEAD IN WHICH UNCOVERS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT GLOBED EARTH 2121 RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS OF THE ISAIAH 19:19 GIZA PYRAMIDS THAT ALSO APPEARS AS AN GLOBED EARTH 2121 DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES REVEALS ITS NORTH POLE CONCENTRICT MAP IMAGE OF PLANET EARTH WHERE WE SEE THE ARCTIC CIRCLE HOLY HYDROGEN LIGHT OF CREATION WITHIN THE APEX AREA OF THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED EGYPTIAN PYRAMID THAT HAS THE BIBLICAL JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GENERATED FROM THE PYRAMIDS INTERIOR BASE & WALL LINES AS EZRA 1:3 DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON EQUATORIAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE 2121 GLOBED EARTH ORIGINAL GIZA PYRAMID RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS AS WE REDISCOVER THE GEOMETRICT GLOBED EARTH RECTANGUALR KINGSCHAMBER DUAL SET OF MASONIC DOME OF THE CHAIN CIRCLES THAT APPEAR BELOW THE DOME OF THE CHAIN ARABIC 22 GRID NAME OF ALLAH WE SEE THE DOME OF THE CHAIN DUAL SET OF MASONIC CIRCLES GEOMETRICTCALLY GENERATED BIBLICAL ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE IMAGE WHO'S FORE HEAD BEARS THE IMAGE OF THE GLOBED EARTH 2121 ARCTIC CIRCLE AREA OF HYDROGEN LIGHT IN THE FORM OF A DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES THE FORE HEAD AREA OF THE DOME OF THE CHAIN ELONGATED HEADED AFRICAN ANCIENT OF DAYS 22 FACE APPEARS IN THE APEX OF THE DUALSE TOF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED GIZA PYRAMID AS AN ARCTIC CIRCLE AREA OF HYDROGEN LIGHT THAT IS SURROUNDED BY THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON WHEN WE DRAW A LINE FROM THE NORTH TO THE SOUTH AND FROM THE EAST TO THE WEST ROOF LINE OF THE OCTAGON WE SEE THE IMAGE OF AN ETHIOPIAN CROSS 11 STRUCTURE OF KING LALIBELA THAT HAS 3 VERTICLE SQUARE SECTIONS & 3 HORIZONTAL SQUARE SECTIONS AS THEY ARE SEEN WITHIN THE DUAL SET OF MASONIC SQUARES GENERATED DOME OF THER OCK OCTAGON WHEN WE FOLD EACH OF THE VERTICLE & HORIZONTAL SQUARE SECTIONS OF THE ETHIOPIAN CROSS 11 OF KINGLALIBELA IN TOWARDS THE GOLDEN DOME AREA WE SEE THE CUBE STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM ENCLOSING THE 22 AFRICAN FACE FOREHEAD AREA OF ARCTIC CIRCLE HYDROGEN LIGHT IN WHICH CONFIRMS THE JERUSALEM TEMPLE MOUNT DOME OF THER OCK OCTAGON GENRATED RETURNING CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM THAT HOUSES 1ST JOHN 1:1 BIBLICAL HOLY HYDROGEN LIGHT OF CREATION WHERE WE SEE THE RETURNING CUBE 22 STRUCTURE OF NEW JERUSALEM CONFORMIG TO THE GIZA PYRAMIDS DUAL SET OF MASONIC DOME OF THE ROCK OCTAGON GLOBED EARTH 2121 SQUARED RECTANGULAR KINGSCHAMBER DIMENSIONS OF AN NORTH POLE CONCENTRICTLY VIEWED EARTH TO CUBE 22 LATITUDE & LONGITUDINAL BASE MERIDIAN LINES.
The dome of the rock hoa
The Dome of the Rock was built in Jerusalem on the site where the Jewish Temple once stood, in order to establish Jerusalem as a major pilgrimage site for Muslims and discourage pilgrimages to Mecca. It was commissioned by Caliph Abd-Al-Malik in the late 7th century and features an octagonal exterior wall and a large central dome supported by an arcade, with mosaics and decorative elements conveying Islamic symbols.
Week 10.islamic art
Islamic art reflected religious beliefs without figurative imagery, focusing instead on geometry, calligraphy, and nature. This was influenced by Islam's emphasis on the oneness of God and prohibition of idolatry. Architecture used elements like minarets, mihrabs, and qibla walls to organize prayer and reflect influences from nature and other faiths while distinguishing itself. Ornamentation in tilework and mosaics depicted flowers, plants, and intricate scripts to symbolize paradise and creation.
Islamic architecture
This document provides an overview of Islamic architectural styles from several influential empires. It discusses key elements like minarets, domes, and decorative calligraphy. Common interpretations emphasize repeating geometric patterns to represent Allah's infinite power, and avoiding human/animal forms. Iconic examples described include the Domes of the Rock in Jerusalem, the Great Mosque of Damascus featuring stone mosaics, and the Taj Mahal, incorporating Persian and Hindu influences.
Islamic Art
A Report by Jose Radin L. Garduque
in MAT Soc. Sci. class of Prof. Jonathan Adjijil in Filamer Christian University, Roxas City (First Semester, A.Y. 2013-2014)
Islamic architecture in jerusalem
Jerusalem is a historically and religiously significant city located in the Judean Mountains. It is considered holy in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The document discusses the major Islamic architectural sites in Jerusalem, including the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque. It describes the architectural features and historical periods of development for each site. Key periods discussed are the early Islamic period after the Arab conquest, the Crusader period when sites were converted to churches, and the Ottoman period when many renovations occurred. The architectural styles and building materials used in each period are also summarized.
Islamic Art
The document provides an overview of Islamic art from 650 CE to the present. It discusses key ideas such as the importance of calligraphy and mosques facing Mecca. Major architectural works are summarized, including the Dome of the Rock featuring Byzantine influences, the Great Mosque of Cordoba with double arches, and the Alhambra's intricate muqarnas ceiling decorations. The Taj Mahal is highlighted as a masterpiece commemorating Shah Jahan's wife. Persian manuscripts are also summarized as illustrated books that married text and calligraphy. The document covers historical and religious context for Islamic art traditions.
Presentation Of Islam
This document provides an overview of an Islamic cultural awareness course, including introductions, guidelines, background information on Muslims in the local community and workplace, and key Islamic beliefs and practices. It outlines the five pillars of Islam, articles of faith, sensitivities to consider, and importance of interfaith dialogue. Contact details are provided for further information.
Geometry of Islamic Architecture
The document discusses the importance of geometry in Islamic architecture. Some key points:
- Geometry is one of the most important elements of Islamic art, with patterns constructed from basic shapes like circles, squares, stars and polygons.
- Repeating geometric patterns symbolize Allah's infinite nature and help demonstrate that the infinite can be found in small details.
- Basic geometric constructions can be used to create complex patterns using a straightedge and compass. Constructions of points like three, four, five and six are described.
- Examples like the Taj Mahal and Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daulah showcase the use of symmetry, right angles and geometric patterns in Islamic architectural design.
West asia and its architecture
The document provides an overview of the history and culture of West Asia. It discusses how the region has been shaped by Arab, Turkish, and Persian influences. It outlines the origins and spread of Islam throughout West Asia in the 7th century. It also summarizes the various tribes and dynasties that ruled in the region, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Persians, and Arabs. The document further examines the key architectural features and styles of Islamic architecture, including its influences from Persian, Roman, Egyptian, and Byzantine traditions.
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English gothic
The document summarizes Gothic architecture in England from 1180 to the early 16th century. It is divided into four periods: Norman Gothic (1066-1180), Early English Gothic (1180-1275), Decorated Gothic (1275-1375), and Perpendicular Gothic (1375-1530). The Early English Gothic period saw Gothic style truly adapted by English craftsmen, emphasizing pointed arches, vaults, and lancet windows. Decorated Gothic featured more elaborate curved tracery and carvings. Perpendicular Gothic emphasized strong vertical lines through large windows with intricate tracery and fan vaulting. Examples like Salisbury Cathedral and Westminster Abbey are discussed in detail to illustrate the different periods.
History (1)
Gothic architecture flourished during the medieval period in Europe. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was characterized by stone structures, large windows, pointed arches, rib vaults, and flying buttresses. Gothic cathedrals used elaborate designs, stained glass windows, and sculptures to represent religious ideals and the heavenly kingdom. Major Gothic structures included Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, which featured a central nave, double aisles, and western towers. The Alhambra palace complex in Granada, Spain was built in the Moorish Gothic style and featured ornate courtyards like the Court of Lions and Court of Myrtles decorated with fountains, columns, and tilework.
Palladianism
Palladian architecture is a European style derived from the designs of Andrea Palladio, a 16th century Venetian architect. It is characterized by symmetrical designs with plain exteriors and richly decorated interiors. Key elements include pediments over doors and windows, symmetry, and motifs like scallop shells and masks inspired by classical architecture. Examples of Palladian architecture include Palladio's own Villa Barbaro and San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice as well as Thomas Jefferson's Monticello estate in Virginia.
Gothic architecture
Early Gothic architecture originated in Western Europe and used different building materials depending on location, such as bricks in Germany and stone in France. Key characteristics included pointed arches, flying buttresses, high pinnacles, and stained glass windows. Gothic cathedrals like Notre-Dame in Paris featured tall naves supported by flying buttresses, with pointed arches, rib vaults, rose windows, and ornate sculptures.
Gothic mins
The document summarizes the key characteristics and development of Gothic architecture between the 12th and 15th centuries in western Europe. Some of the key points covered include:
- Gothic architecture originated in northern France and spread across Europe, developing unique regional styles in countries like England, Germany, Spain, and Italy.
- Technological innovations like the pointed arch, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses allowed Gothic cathedrals to be much taller and open with large windows compared to earlier Romanesque styles.
- Gothic cathedrals featured airy interiors with stained glass, decorative gargoyles, and ornate designs that emphasized both functionality and beauty.
- Regional variations emerged in elements like facade
renaissance.pptx
The document provides an overview of various architectural and design styles from the Renaissance period through the Industrial Era, including Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Colonial, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Federal, Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau, and industrial styles. Key aspects summarized include the time periods, origins, characteristics, and influences of each style, such as classical details in Renaissance architecture, dramatic movement in Baroque, ornate decoration in Rococo, and emphasis on craftsmanship in Arts and Crafts.
American Architecture Styles
Short power point showing the various styles and transitions of architecture. Also includes models built by architects. This is a good piece to introduce a model building project with high school or college age students.
Renaissance Period Part 1.pdf
The document provides a history of interior design from prehistoric times to the present. It traces the evolution of interior design through major periods and empires, highlighting some key developments. During the Stone Age from 6000 to 2000 BC, the first pottery was used for both practical and decorative reasons. From 1200 to 31 BC in the Greek Empire, wealthier Greeks began decorating their homes in unique styles with ornate furnishings. The Renaissance period from 1400 to 1600 saw the rise of humanism and an emphasis on beauty derived from geometry, proportions and the circle in interior design. Architects like Brunelleschi made innovations like domes without buttresses. Interior design features continued evolving through periods like the Baroque, Rococo and Neo
Citadel Of Erbil
the old citadel of erbil in Kurdistan _hawler
slides explains the architectural features of the citadel
and its history before thousands of years.
it also shows the interior design of the old decades .
listed by the unisco as one of the world heritage.
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical style produced both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque.
Low cost building materials
Arches, vaults, and domes are ancient construction techniques used to span spaces without columns. They work by distributing structural forces outward via curving or arched masonry structures. Common types include barrel vaults, groin vaults, and domes built on pendentives. While traditionally used for roofs and ceilings, they can cover large spaces. Advantages include using local materials without wood, providing thermal mass for temperature regulation. Specialized training is needed for proper design and construction to ensure benefits. Limitations may include rejection by local culture, high labor costs, lack of building standards in earthquake areas.
Antoni gaudi swapnil shrivastav
Antoni Gaudi was a renowned Spanish architect known for his highly original works that fused Gothic and curvilinear Art Nouveau styles. Some key facts about Gaudi:
- He was born in 1852 in Spain and was a devout Catholic who drew inspiration from nature and religion.
- Notable works include Casa Mila, Casa Batlló, Sagrada Familia basilica, and Park Güell, which showcase his innovative use of materials like ceramic, iron, and stained glass in organic, nature-inspired designs.
- Gaudi spent over 40 years working on the Sagrada Familia basilica, but died in 1926 before its completion, leaving behind a legacy as one
Chaim cirtronenbaum | New Home Decoration Trends in Real Estate
In this post, Chaim Citronenbaum tells in this ppt about the new home decoration trends in Real Estate. You can take a look in this slide.
Robert adam
Robert Adam was an 18th century Scottish architect known for developing the neoclassical "Adam style". He studied architecture in Rome and established a successful practice in London. The Adam style is characterized by classical Roman motifs used decoratively on architectural interiors and furniture. It featured flat painted panels, pilasters, and pastel color schemes. Two iconic buildings designed by Adam in this style were Osterley Park House near London and Kedleston Hall in Derbyshire. Both had neoclassical interiors with columns, decorative plasterwork, and sky lit central halls inspired by Roman designs. Adam's innovative approach integrated architecture, interiors, and furniture into unified neoclassical schemes.
Gothic architecture (1)
Gothic architecture originated in 12th century France and was a style that flourished during the High and Late Middle Ages. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. Gothic architecture featured large windows and stained glass, making interiors brighter compared to Romanesque structures. Some key differences between Gothic and Romanesque architectures included the use of pointed versus rounded arches, larger windows, flying buttresses, groin vaults instead of barrel vaults, and more exterior decoration in Gothic structures.
Early georgian style
During the early 18th century Georgian period in England, interior design evolved from the Baroque style. Interiors became lighter and featured new woods like mahogany. Furniture accumulated in rooms for decorative purposes, including bookshelves, porcelain collections, and busts from the Grand Tour. Wallpapers became popular in bedrooms while paneling remained in other rooms. To house the growing middle class, architects developed terraced housing and town squares that brought nature into cities through lawns, trees and flowers. Interior architectural details like plasterwork and broken pediments became more ornate.
Renaissance architecture in england
The document provides details about the history of architecture in England from the Elizabethan period through the Georgian period. It focuses on key architectural periods including Elizabethan (1558-1603 AD), Jacobean (1603-1625 AD), and Stuart (1625-1702 AD) periods. During these periods, Renaissance styles were introduced and blended with Gothic and medieval styles. Important architects like Inigo Jones and Christopher Wren influenced architecture by introducing classical Italianate styles. Wren is particularly known for rebuilding St. Paul's Cathedral and many London churches after the Great Fire of 1666 in a Baroque style.
Architecture 2
This document discusses the topic of architecture. It defines architecture as the art or science of designing and constructing buildings or structures with durable materials following certain standards. It then covers various architectural elements like lines, color, texture, form, space and styles. It discusses different materials used in architecture like stone, wood, cast iron, steel, reinforced concrete and steel cables. It also covers principles of architectural planning and building materials. Finally, it provides an overview of indigenous and Spanish colonial architecture in the Philippines as well as some examples of modern Philippine architecture.
The Transitional Period in Architecture
The document discusses the Transitional Period in architecture, which occurred between premodern and modern styles. It provides examples of buildings from this period like Chiswick House in London, which had Palladian influences. Mereworth Castle in Kent was also Palladian-inspired. St. Pancras Church adopted Greek Revival elements. Westminster Palace was rebuilt in the Gothic Revival style after a fire. The Arc de Triomphe in Paris commemorated victories of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Overall, the Transitional Period saw a blending of premodern styles as architects experimented with new approaches before the emergence of Modernism.
Report
This document provides information about a photography project focused on the historic city of George Town, Penang. It discusses the concept of monochrome photography, the theme of capturing the "pillars" or defining elements of George Town, research conducted on George Town's history and architecture, identification of specific streets to photograph, and preparation for the photo shoot.
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Chaim cirtronenbaum | New Home Decoration Trends in Real Estate
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Freiburg has implemented an effective waste management system that focuses on reducing, reusing, and recycling waste. The city collects organic household waste and feeds it into digesters to produce biogas and compost. Through these initiatives, Freiburg has significantly reduced the amount of waste sent to landfills.
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A street after conservation
Stralsund is a historic city located in northern Germany on the Baltic Sea coast. It has a population of around 58,000 people and was a prominent member of the Hanseatic League in the medieval period. Some of its most notable landmarks include three large brick Gothic churches - St. Mary's Church, St. Nicholas Church, and St. James Church. The city is also home to several historic monasteries, including St. John's Abbey which now houses the town archives, and the Abbey of St. Jürgen which originally served as an old people's home. Tourism is now a major industry for Stralsund's economy, helping preserve its well-preserved old town which is recognized as a UNESCO
MS Word Introduction and Tools.
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Temple of zeus, Jerash, Jordan
The document describes the Temple of Zeus located in Jerash, Jordan. It was dedicated to Zeus, the king of gods in Greek mythology. Constructed between 100-80 BC on a hill overlooking the oval plaza, the temple had 15 meter high Corinthian columns and contained shrines and sanctuaries. Over centuries it was modified under Roman rule and damaged by earthquakes but remains an important archaeological site today.
Abu Simbel Temples EGYPT
The document summarizes the Abu Simbel temples located in Egypt. It describes that the temples were constructed in the 13th century BC under Pharaoh Ramesses II, and includes large statues of the pharaoh. It details the rediscovery of the temples in the early 19th century after being covered by sand. Finally, it discusses the relocation of the temples in the 1960s to an area higher above the Nile River in order to prevent flooding from the Aswan Dam reservoir.
Architecture Utopia
Community centers serve as gathering places for community members to engage in social activities, gather information, and celebrate traditions. They can be owned by the community, government, private sponsors, or operate as a commercial business. Examples of functions include public meetings, social gatherings, rentals for large events, housing local clubs and volunteer activities. Parks are also considered community spaces.
History of Community Center
The document provides information about community centers, including their functions, history, and case studies. Community centers are public locations where community members gather for activities and social support. They can host celebrations, meetings, and family events. Historically, the first community centers were established in the 1940s-50s in Singapore and the 1960s-70s in Australia to foster community development. The case studies describe the Firstenburg Community Center in Vancouver, which incorporates recreational, community, and library spaces, and the Agha Khani community's use of jammat khannas as gathering places.
Balochistan issue
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Pak india water issue
The document discusses the water crisis in South Asia, particularly related to the Indus River Basin shared between India and Pakistan. It notes that while the Indus Basin Irrigation System originally provided water for over 26 million acres of farmland, partition and competing development projects have exacerbated tensions over water sharing. The Indus Water Treaty of 1960 aimed to allocate water rights but disputes over projects like the Indian Kishanganga dam which divert water away from the Neelum River in Pakistan remain ongoing issues with economic and environmental consequences for both countries.
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MERCHANT'S HOUSE IN STRALSUND, GERMANY gargoyle , stalactite/ muqarnas , bracket, buttress.
- 1. MERCHANT'S HOUSE IN STRALSUND,GERMANY GARGOYLE , STALACTITE/ MUQARNAS , BRACKET, BUTTRESS.
- 2. MERCHANT HOUSE MOSTLY USED BYTHE MERCHANTS HOUSES SHOPS CHURCHES
- 3. The buildings within Little Germany date back to the 19th century, developing from 1855.They are the legacy of Jewish merchants from mainland Europe who spent large sums of money constructing imposing warehouses for the storage and sale of their goods for export.A large proportion of the merchants came from Germany hence the name Little Germany. HISTORY
- 4. Andrews & Delaunay and J.T. Fairbank building in italianate style One, by George Corson (1871) is in a baronial style, for Scottish clients
- 5. MERCHANT’S HOUSE STYLE GABLE ROOF SQUARE WINDOW SEMI CIRCULARWINDOW SEMI CIRCULAR DOOR
- 6. MERCHANT HOUSE TUDOR MERCHANT HOUSE
- 7. LUXURIOUS RESIDENCE ON MERCHANT HOUSE
- 12. MATERIAL THAT UES IN THIS HOUSE GLASS WOOD COLUMN BRICK STONE BRICK
- 13. I n this merchant house all the design plan are same the just change the material of the building The German architect work with British engineers in this Changing the fabric but the design plan elements and function are same.This type of conservation is called consolidation or direct conservation.
- 17. THE ALTE MARKT (OLD MARKET)
- 18. GARGOYLE
- 23. Muqarnas is a type of corbel employed as a decorative device in traditional Islamic and Persian architecture.The related mocárabe refers only to projecting elements that resemble stalactites, alveol
- 24. An architectural ornamentation reminiscent of stalactites, muqarnas developed around the middle of the 10th century in northeastern Iran and almost simultaneously , but seemingly independently in central North Africa; they take the form of small pointed niches, stacked in tiers which project beyond lower tiers, commonly constructed of brick, stone, stucco, or wood, clad with painted tiles, wood, or plaster, and are typically applied to domes, pendentives, cornices, squinches and the undersides of arches and vaults
- 25. Examples can be found in the Alhambra in Granada, Spain, the Abbasid Palace in Baghdad, Iraq, and the mausoleum of Sultan Qaitbay, Cairo, Egypt. Large rectangular roofs in wood with muqarnas-style decoration adorn the 12th century Cappella Palatina in Palermo, Sicily, and other important buildings in Norman Sicily.
- 26. Muqarnas in the enterance gate to the shah mosque in isfahan, iran
- 27. Muqarnas in the alhambra, granada, spain, in plaster, with down ward projections
- 28. BRACKET
- 29. BRACKET A bracket is an architectural element: a structural or decorative member.They can be made of wood, stone, or metal — that projects from a wall, usually to carry weight and sometimes to "...strengthen an angle
- 30. A classically detailed bracket at the chapel of Greenwich Hospital, London
- 31. TYPES OF BRACKET There are two types of bracket corbel console
- 32. USES OF BRACKET Brackets can support many architectural items, including a wall, balcony, parapets, eaves, the spring of an arch, beams, pergola roof, window box, or a shelf.
- 33. BRACKETS AS ARCHITECTURAL SCULPTURES Brackets are often in the form of architectural sculptures with reliefs of objects and scrolls. Depending on their material, decorated ones can be carved, cast, or molded.They can be of cast stone or resin-foam materials with faux finishes for use on new buildings in historic revival styles of architecture. Some brackets and corbels are only ornamental, and serve no actual supporting purpose
- 34. Brackets are used in traditional timber framing including the support of a jettied floor which can be carved. Magdalene Street, Cambridge, England. Sixteenth century
- 35. TYPES OF CORBEL
- 37. BUTTRESS
- 38. BUTTRESS A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient buildings, as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways) forces arising out of the roof structures that lack adequate bracing
- 40. CLASPING OR CLAMPED BUTTRESS
- 41. DIAGONAL OR FRENCH BUTTRESS
- 43. Façade buttresses at Milan Cathedral, Italy
- 44. A buttress and a flying buttress, mostly concealed, supporting walls at the Palace of Westminster
- 45. BUTTRESS
- 47. THANK YOU..