Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
Good Indo Pak relation is essential for both countries so that they can concentrate their energy for development welfare of people rather than wasting resources on war machinery.
Indus water treaty : Media & Current Affairs : Student CollaborationAli Haider Saeed
An illustration of student-teacher collaborative discussion model in the subject of Media & Current Affairs during the Fall session 2020, Students engaged in the discussion on Indus Water Treaty
Good Indo Pak relation is essential for both countries so that they can concentrate their energy for development welfare of people rather than wasting resources on war machinery.
Indus water treaty : Media & Current Affairs : Student CollaborationAli Haider Saeed
An illustration of student-teacher collaborative discussion model in the subject of Media & Current Affairs during the Fall session 2020, Students engaged in the discussion on Indus Water Treaty
water dispute after independence turn out to be a big problem between 2 countries India & Pakistan. This leads to Indus Water Treaty(Bill passed by world bank)
Diplomacy and diplomatic event b/w pak & indafakharsargaana
what is diplomacy , its types and one diplomatic event between pakistan and india ( indus water treaty ),,,,, Comsats institute of information technology lahore... Chemical Engineers.
GEO-political Significance of Pakistan.pptxFahad Farooq
Geo-Politics
Geo-political value of Asia
Geo-political Realities of South Asia
Geo-political Value of Pakistan in South Asia
Pakistan as a FRONT-LINE STATE
Containment of china Via Pakistan
Borders of Pakistan
Natural Resources in Pakistan
Conclusion
An Introduction to MS word, Its Tools and Features, fonts, ribbons, and many more features of microsoft word. Adding up new templates and starting of MS Word.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
2. BACKGROUND
The twentieth century British poet WH
Auden, once said, “Thousands have lived without
love,
not one without water.” His words are especially
relevant in the context of South Asia, which is
home to more than a fifth of the world’s
population and where the economies are largely
dependent upon agriculture
3. • Unfortunately, South Asian countries, particularly India
and Pakistan, have both faced challenges in water
management and proper river basin management. The
consequence of this has been a severe water crisis, which
has a bearing on both ground and surface water.
• A cursory glance at the data on fresh water availability per
person, per year reveals this vulnerability.
• South Asia’s renewable freshwater resources are about
1,200 cubic meters per capita.
• In comparison, a large number of countries have between
2,500 – 15,000 cubic meters per capita.
• Some like Canada and Norway have over 70,000 cubic
meters per capita.
4. • The water of Indus basin begin in chines Tibet and the
Himalayan mountain in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• They flow from the hills through the arid state of Punjab
and Sindh converging in Pakistan and emptying into the
Arabian sea south of Karachi.
• Where once there was only a narrow strip of irrigated
land along these rivers, developments over the last
century have created a large network of canals and
storage facilities that provide water for more than 26
million acres (110,000km^2) the largest irrigated area of
any one river system in the world.
5. • The partition of British India created the conflict over the
plentiful water of the Indus basin.
• The newly formed states were at odds over how to share
and manage what was essentially cohesive and unitary
network of irrigation.
• Furthermore, the geography of the partition was such
that the source river of the Indus basin were in India.
• Pakistan felt its livelihood threatened by the prospect of
Indian control over the tributaries that fed water into the
Pakistani portion of the basin. Where India certainly had
its own ambitions for the profitable development of the
basin, Pakistan felt acutely threatened by conflict over
the main source of water for its cultivable land.
6. • During the first year of partition the water of the Indus
were apportioned by the Inter - Dominion accord of May
4, 1948.
• This accord required India to release sufficient water to
the Pakistani regions of the basin in return for annual
payments from the government of Pakistan. The accord
was meant meet immediate requirements and was
followed by negotiations for a more permanent
solution.
• Neither side, however, was willing to compromise their
any of the schemes to divert the flow of water in the
river.
7. • The system of rivers in the Indus basin comprises 2,000
miles of the river Indus and its five tributaries from the
East — Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej, with an
aggregate length of 2,800 miles. Most of the upper
reaches of the Indus basin lie in India.
• All these rivers combine in Mithankot in Pakistan and
flow into the Arabian Sea near Karachi.
• The Indus system of rivers has been used for irrigation
ever since civilization took root in the area. The water
disputes too date back to the pre-partition era, when
there were significant inter-state differences between
Punjab, Sindh, Bahawalpur and Bikaner.
8. • Most of the upper reaches of the Indus basin lie in India.
• All these rivers combine in Mithankot in Pakistan and
flow into the Arabian Sea near Karachi.
• After Pakistan was created in 1947, this inter-state
dispute amongst the four states became an international
water dispute between the two newly formed nation
states.
• The issues around water sharing were now between
West Punjab of Pakistan and East Punjab of India.
• Lands on the West (which are today part of Pakistan)
are fertile and the British, wanting to take advantage of
the fact, developed the Indus Basin irrigation system
9. Kishan Ganga Hydro Electric Project
INTRODUCTION
• The Kishan ganga Hydroelectric Plant is part of a run-ofthe-river hydroelectric scheme that is designed to divert
water from the Kishan ganga River to a power plant in the
Jhelum River basin.
• It is located 5 km (3 mi) north of in Jammu and
Kashmir, India and will have an installed capacity of 330
MW.
• Construction on the project began in 2007 and is
expected to be complete in 2016.
10. DOWNSTREAM IMPACT
• Pakistan is constructing the Neelum–Jhelum hydropower
plant downstream of the Kishanganga.
• The Kishanganga Project will divert a portion of the
Neelum River from Pakistan which will reduce power
generation at the Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Plant.
• India states the project will divert 10 percent of the
river's flow while other estimates stand as high as 33
percent.
• Water flow below the Neelum–Jhelum Dam, in Pakistan's
is expected to be minimal as both projects are diverting
water to the Jhelum River.
11. Cont.…..,
• The International Court of Arbitration gave its "final
award" on 20th December 2013.
• The court delivered its "final award" after India
requested clarification of an order issued by it in
February.
• The "final award" specifies that 9 cumecs of natural flow
of water must be maintained in Kishanganga river.
12. DESIGN
• The proposed Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project
would be located on river Kishanganga, Jammu &
Kashmir.
• The project involves construction of a 37 meter
high concrete faced rock-fill dam and an
underground powerhouse.
13. INDUS WATER TREATY
HISTORY
• Pakistan is an agricultural country.
• 80% of its agricultural output comes from the Indus
Basin.
• Pakistan has one of the world’s largest canal systems.
• After Independence, problems b/w two countries arose
over the distribution of water.
• Rivers flow into Pakistan territory from across India.
• In 1947 after the division between Pak-India, many of
the canal head works remained with India.
• On April 1, 1948 India stopped the supply of water.
• Pakistan protested and India finally agreed on the
agreement on May 4, 1948.
14. Cont.……,
• In 1952 Pakistan approached World Bank as the
agreement wasn’t the permanent solution.
• After negotiations between the two countries
through the offices of the World Bank, it was
finally in Ayub Khan’s regime.
• The agreement was signed between Pak-India in
September 1960.
• This agreement is known as INDUS WATER TREATY.
15. ACHIEVEMENTS
• This treaty divided the use of rivers and canals between
the two countries.
• Pakistan obtained exclusive, rights for three western
rivers.
• Indus, Jehlum and Chenab.
• India retained three eastern rivers.
• Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
• Treaty guaranteed ten years of uninterrupted water
supply.
• Three multipurpose dams; Warsak, Mangla and Tarbela
were built.
16. CONT.…..,
• A system of eight link canals was also built and the
remodeling of existing canals was carried out.
• Five barrages and a gated siphon were also constructed
under this treaty.
17. PAK – INDIA WATER ISSUE
CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES
• What is confidence building measures ?
• The Lahore Memorandum Of Understanding held at Lahore in
1999 .
• Kashmir ….., a stone in the way of negotiations .
• Interests of both states in Afghanistan especially India .
• Regular exchanges between people of the two states can create
better understanding and goodwill .
• Role of international community can help in resolving the
problems of both the states .
18. ROLE OF MEDIA
• What is Media ?
• Define Social media ?
• How can media play a positive role ?
• Current role of Pakistani Media .
• Current role of Indian Media .
19. REASONS AND SOLUTIONS OF
PAK-INDIA WATER ISSUE.
• The main reasons for Pak – India water issue are :
India building dams on Pakistani rivers such as
Kishan ganga dam.
Bagilhar dam.
Dams on Indus river.
Projects on Chenab river.
22. CONSEQUENCES
• Everyone knows about the traditional rivalry between
India and Pakistan. Which results in so many
consequences in which water issue is the main
consequence.
• India is violating the Indus Water Treaty (IWT). They are
building dams on Pakistani rivers which is the violation of
Indus Water Treaty.
23. SOLUTIONS AVAILABLE
• Minimize the water usage
Economize on water usage through change in cropping patterns
(less rice and no sugarcane, more pulses, oilseeds) and through
more water efficient crops.
• A Mutual Agreement
A mutual, peaceful agreement should be carried out between
the two countries.
A traditional war
A traditional war should be carried out between the two
countries it is the best solution for the water dispute between
India and Pakistan.