The document discusses the importance of geometry in Islamic architecture. Some key points:
- Geometry is one of the most important elements of Islamic art, with patterns constructed from basic shapes like circles, squares, stars and polygons.
- Repeating geometric patterns symbolize Allah's infinite nature and help demonstrate that the infinite can be found in small details.
- Basic geometric constructions can be used to create complex patterns using a straightedge and compass. Constructions of points like three, four, five and six are described.
- Examples like the Taj Mahal and Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daulah showcase the use of symmetry, right angles and geometric patterns in Islamic architectural design.
Inter relation between religion and architecture is explained in detail . It describes different religions and impacts on architectural style of he followers
Inter relation between religion and architecture is explained in detail . It describes different religions and impacts on architectural style of he followers
Material utilizado en la sesión 3 del Taller de Geogebra, desarrollado con estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Matemática y computación, en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Prof. Rafael Miranda Molina).
Más información en el post original: http://www.geometriadinamica.cl/2012/12/taller-de-geogebra-lemc-usach/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE
"MODERN ARCHITECTURE"
Le Corbusier
Frank Lloyd Wright
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Walter Gropius
Louis Sullivan
C.R. Mackintosh
Edwin Lutyens
Antoni Gaudi
Sense and Sensitivity in Architecture – The Use of Five Senses in Space makingPremier Publishers
This study intends to look at the importance of the five senses in experiencing a space. The five senses include vision, touch, olfaction, taste and auditory. Architects need to look into how a space interacts with its end user. Architecture is the journey and not just the destination. It’s a whole package of experiencing a space and it’s not just about the architect. In the process of thinking and perception of architecture there is always more importance given to visual senses than the other senses and the problems of contemporary architecture is rooted in visual dominance and may be the result of unbalanced senses system. All our information about our surrounding world is achieved by our senses and this information help us in perception and recognition. A building should bring into perspective all the five senses, thereby giving a three-dimensional angle to the structure. This study also looks at the role of perception of a space for a person who is sensory impaired such as a person with blindness, deafness, dumbness etc. Therefore, we use Phenomenology of Architecture to experience a space through sensory properties.
Material utilizado en la sesión 3 del Taller de Geogebra, desarrollado con estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Matemática y computación, en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Prof. Rafael Miranda Molina).
Más información en el post original: http://www.geometriadinamica.cl/2012/12/taller-de-geogebra-lemc-usach/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE
"MODERN ARCHITECTURE"
Le Corbusier
Frank Lloyd Wright
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Walter Gropius
Louis Sullivan
C.R. Mackintosh
Edwin Lutyens
Antoni Gaudi
Sense and Sensitivity in Architecture – The Use of Five Senses in Space makingPremier Publishers
This study intends to look at the importance of the five senses in experiencing a space. The five senses include vision, touch, olfaction, taste and auditory. Architects need to look into how a space interacts with its end user. Architecture is the journey and not just the destination. It’s a whole package of experiencing a space and it’s not just about the architect. In the process of thinking and perception of architecture there is always more importance given to visual senses than the other senses and the problems of contemporary architecture is rooted in visual dominance and may be the result of unbalanced senses system. All our information about our surrounding world is achieved by our senses and this information help us in perception and recognition. A building should bring into perspective all the five senses, thereby giving a three-dimensional angle to the structure. This study also looks at the role of perception of a space for a person who is sensory impaired such as a person with blindness, deafness, dumbness etc. Therefore, we use Phenomenology of Architecture to experience a space through sensory properties.
"Application of 3D and 2D geometry" explains the importance of geometry in our lives. Geometry is found everywhere from nature to human made machines. I have tried to inculcate all
its applications.
I hope it helps in providing guidance to those who are aspiring to understand geometry. I have taken help from internet and some books to acquire knowledge.
thank you for clicking my slide.
Mathematics and art have a long historical relationship. The Golden ratio, Geometric patterns, Fractals are all fascinating mathematical ideas that have inspired artists and architects for centuries, I am just exploring these ideas in this presentation
Sikh Architecture is an amalgamation of religious architecture of the buildings of the faith and traditional Indo-Sarsenic style. It includes all the buildings serving the devotional, ritualistic and religious functions of the Sikh Community. We can spot any Sikh temple from distance by seeing a flag mast (Nishan Sahib) which is draped in yellow or blue with triangular flag with the Sikh insignia fluttering in the breeze. Its dome is different from domes of mosques or Hindu temples, so are its arches, balconies, columns, interiors and general layout.
Lecture 12: Islamic Architecture in India_Shah JahanKowshik Roy
This is a class lecture on Islamic Architecture in India. Architecture of Mughal Dynasty has covered in this lecture.
Course Title: Architectural Heritage-IV
Architecture Discipline,
Khulna University, Khulna
Jama masjid is the largest mosque in India.
Originally called Masjid-i-Jahanuma, or "mosque commanding view of the world“.
It was based on the plan and design of Ostad Khalil .
It can be called as the replica of Moti Masjid in Agra.
It is one of the finest mosque in the world.
It is a congregational mosque.
types of arches in architecture
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1630’s,the period of Mughal prosperity.Its emperor Shah Jahan was in great grief when his third wife Mumtaz Mahal,a Persian princess died in 1631.Shah Jahan’s grief and the love for his wife traditionally held as an inspiration for Taj Mahal.Hence its construction began in 1632.
Emperor Shah Jahan himself described the
Taj Mahal in these words –
“Should guilty seek asylum here, Like one pardoned, he becomes free from sin.
Should a sinner make his way to this mansion, All his past sins are to be washed away.
The sight of this mansion creates sorrowing sighs;And the sun and the moon shed tears from their eyes.
In this world this edifice has been made; To display thereby the creator's glory”.
The Presentation explains 'The Father Of Geometry' - "Euclid" with his life history and some of his most influential and remarkable works which contribute to The Modern Mathematics.
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitabilityaaryangarg12
In today's digital era, the dynamics of brand perception, consumer behavior, and profitability have been profoundly reshaped by the synergy of branding, social media, and website design. This research paper investigates the transformative power of these elements in influencing how individuals perceive brands and products and how this transformation can be harnessed to drive sales and profitability for businesses.
Through an exploration of brand psychology and consumer behavior, this study sheds light on the intricate ways in which effective branding strategies, strategic social media engagement, and user-centric website design contribute to altering consumers' perceptions. We delve into the principles that underlie successful brand transformations, examining how visual identity, messaging, and storytelling can captivate and resonate with target audiences.
Methodologically, this research employs a comprehensive approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Real-world case studies illustrate the impact of branding, social media campaigns, and website redesigns on consumer perception, sales figures, and profitability. We assess the various metrics, including brand awareness, customer engagement, conversion rates, and revenue growth, to measure the effectiveness of these strategies.
The results underscore the pivotal role of cohesive branding, social media influence, and website usability in shaping positive brand perceptions, influencing consumer decisions, and ultimately bolstering sales and profitability. This paper provides actionable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage branding, social media, and website design as potent tools to enhance their market position and financial success.
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
Unleash Your Inner Demon with the "Let's Summon Demons" T-Shirt. Calling all fans of dark humor and edgy fashion! The "Let's Summon Demons" t-shirt is a unique way to express yourself and turn heads.
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Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
2. INTRODUCTION
•Four types of ornamentation can be found in Islamic art:
o calligraphy,
ofigural forms (human and animal),
o vegetal motifs, and
o geometric patterns.
•Geometry is one the most important elements of Islamic art. “Star
shapes and polygons appear in all the arts and provide a source of
much architectural decoration… geometric shapes are highly versatile
and can be extremely complicated.”
•From the simple polygons and rectangles used as framing devices to
the highly complex interlaces of stars and irregular polygons.
•The four basic shapes, or "repeat units," from which the more
complicated patterns are constructed are:
ocircles and interlaced circles;
osquares or four-sided polygons;
othe star pattern, ultimately derived from squares and triangles
inscribed in a circle;
omultisided polygons.
3. HOW IS GEOMETRY SEEN TO BE
SPIRITUAL?
•Because circles have no end they are
infinite and so they remind Muslims that
Allah is infinite.
•Complex geometric designs create the
impression of unending repetition, and this
also helps a person get an idea of the
infinite nature of Allah.
•The repeating patterns also demonstrate
that in the small v can find the infinite ... a
single element of the pattern implies the
infinite total.
•The repeated geometric patterns often
make use of plant motifs, and these are
called arabesques.
• Stylised Arabic lettering is also common
4. •The Circle and it is centre at which all Islamic
patterns begin.It emphasizes one god.
•The triangle symbolises human and the
principles of harmony.
•The square is the symbol of physical experience
and the physical world or materiality.
•The hexagon symbolises heaven.
•The star symbolises the spread of Islam.
5. BASIS OF GEOMETRY
The basic methods by which 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 point patterns can
be constructed using only a straight edge and compass.
Constructions of 7 and 9 point patterns can be approximated.
From the geometrical constructions mentioned above generally,
patterns with a greater complexity can be constructed. Patterns with
12, 14, 15, 16, 18 and 20 are readily established.
THREE POINT GEOMETRY
Three point geometry can be
constructed from six point geometry.
Discussed in six point geometry.
6. FOUR POINT GEOMETRY
•Four point geometry is one of the easiest geometries to set out.
• It is often used in counterpoint with circular geometries.
•It is constructed by raising a perpendicular from the centre point of a
horizontal line to the point where it cuts a circle described from that
point, and joining the four points of intersection.
• Further sub-divisions into eight point geometry can be constructed
by sub-dividing the sides of the square.
7. FIVE POINT GEOMETRY
Five point geometries are slightly
more difficult to construct, but
can be relatively easily
developed.
They have an additional interest
in that they are similar in
proportion to the geometry
derived from the Golden
Section, having proportions
between the minor and major
chords of the five points
circumscribed by a circle, of
1:1.618. From the five point
geometry, ten point geometries
are easily developed and form
the basis for many of the more
attractive patterns in Islamic
decoration.
8. SIX POINT GEOMETRY
Six point geometry is by far the easiest geometry to construct, requiring
only a simple form of compass to create the basis for accurate three-,
six- and twelve-pointed forms.
In this ,seven-circle from the six-point geometry construction and
shown how the basic pattern lines evolve. The first illustration shows, in
first figure, the basic circle rose with, in second figure, the addition of
lines joining the intersections of the surrounding circles with the basic
circle to create a regular hexagon.
10. •Dividing of a single circle, the more
common basis for a pattern is a simple
grid, here the development of the circle
suited to six-point geometrical patterning.
Even in this the eye finds it difficult to rest,
but is continually moving around the
circles. The addition of straight lines just
develops and guides this movement.
•A slightly different development of
diagram and is repeated here to show
how a relatively simple pattern based on
six-pointed geometry might be
developed. The basic grid shown in the
six-point, has been turned 30 counter-
clockwise and a number of straight
construction lines selected on which the
pattern has been produced.
11.
12. TAJ MAHAL
•Called a monument to love, the Taj Mahal has
also been called "India's most famous and
finest example of architecture.
• We could call it a monument to symmetry.
•From the formal gardens divided into four
sections, to the tomb 900 feet from the
entrance, the four minarets continue this
symmetrical theme.
•The minarets next to the Taj Mahal are 41.1
meters or 137 feet high and are cylindrical
columns with angles.
•Located at each of the corners of the raised
marble plinth the minarets repeat the right
angles that are an obvious part of the Taj
Mahal.
•The main structure is cubical.
•The windows have arches which comes to a
point.
13. Painted
geometry in
the ceiling
•The complex is
set around a
large 300meters
square
charbagh,a
Mughal garden.
Interior of dome,
showing inlaid
geometric decoration
14. •The central circle at the base arches
upward to create the famous onion dome.
•The Taj Mahal is a fine example of
geometry.
•The rectangular reflecting pool mirrors the
pools in each of the four gardens and
makes your eyes follow along parallel
lines to the tomb's entrance.
•The intersecting perpendicular lines
continue to create right angles in each of
the four sections which are subdivided into
another four squares.
•The doorways are rectangular in design
with semi-octagonal angles.
•The room that the tombs are placed is
octagonal. As we look at the Taj Mahal,
there are multiple lines of symmetry.
•The total effect combines to make one of
rhythm and harmony.
15. Tomb of I'tmad-Ud-Daulah
(Eyteymaaduddowlah)
•'Decagonal and Quasi-
Crystalline Tiling in
Medieval Islamic
Architecture„
•Islamic mathematicians had
made a breakthrough in the
geometry that made it
possible to create this
extraordinary complex with
patterns having a 10-fold
rotational symmetry.
•A set of five tile types, now
called „girih tiles‟, in any
combinations serve as
templates for incorporating
with the existing decagonal
symmetry.
16. •I'tmad-Ud-Daulah is the tomb of Mirza Ghiyas Beg and his wife
Asmat Begum.
•He was father of the famous 'Nur- Jehan' and grandfather of
'Mumtaz -Mahal' of the famous Taj Mahal fame.
•He was made Vazir (Prime Minister) after Nur Jehan's marriage
with Jehangir in 1611.
• He held the title I'tmad-Ud-Daulah (The Lord Treasurer).
•He died at Agra in 1622, a few months after his wife's death. Nur
Jehan built this tomb for her parents between 1622 and 1628.
•The tomb is situated on the Eastern bank of the river Yamuna at
Agra. It is located in the centre of a char-bagh (four quartered
garden), with the usual enclosing walls and side buildings.
•The most important aspect of this tomb is its polychrome
ornamentation.
•Exterior walls of the tomb have been covered with beautiful floral
and geometrical designs.
17. A modest attempt to draw manually a
pattern with 10-fold rotational symmetry
using in combination decagonal,
hexagonal and bow girih tiles