Meniscal tears pp Anndee Neuman
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Meniscal tears often occur during sports involving twisting of the knee. Symptoms include stiffness, swelling, pain, catching or locking of the knee. Diagnosis involves physical exams like the McMurray test and imaging like x-rays and MRI. For small, outer edge tears without persistent symptoms, nonsurgical treatment with RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) and drugs is often sufficient. Surgery to trim or repair the tear may be recommended for persistent symptoms and involves arthroscopic procedures with rehabilitation over 1-3 months.
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Meniscal tears
The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee. It describes the two menisci, their functions, and common mechanisms of injury like twisting motions or rising from a squat. The most common types of tears are outlined. Surgery is usually recommended for tears in the avascular zone that cannot heal or for larger tears causing pain. Rehabilitation after surgery or non-surgically involves restoring range of motion, strengthening the muscles, and gradually returning to activities over several months.
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The meniscus has a crescent shape and acts as a shock absorber in the knee. It develops fully by 10 weeks of gestation. The meniscus has radial, circumferential, and perforating fibers that allow it to bear loads and stabilize the knee joint. Meniscal tears most commonly occur in the posterior horn from rotational forces on a flexed knee. Tears are classified as longitudinal, horizontal, oblique, radial, or displaced. Clinical exams like McMurray's test and MRI are used to diagnose tears, which are often treated surgically with repair, partial/subtotal/total meniscectomy. Untreated tears can lead to meniscal cysts or discoid meniscus formation over time
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Meniscal tears can occur from traumatic injuries or degeneration. The menisci are C-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures that act as shock absorbers and provide stability in the knee. MRI is the gold standard for diagnosing meniscal tears, which are classified based on their location and orientation. Treatment depends on the type and location of the tear but may involve conservative management, arthroscopic repair, or partial meniscectomy. Repair is preferred for young patients with peripheral, longitudinal tears while meniscectomy is used for complex, degenerative tears. The goal of treatment is to preserve as much meniscal tissue as possible to prevent osteoarthritis.
Meniscus repair
This document discusses meniscus repair, including indications for repair such as longitudinal tears less than 3 cm within the vascular zone of the meniscus. It describes techniques for meniscus repair including inside-out, outside-in, all-inside, and hybrid techniques. Postoperative rehabilitation involves immobilization and restricted weight bearing followed by progressive range of motion and strengthening exercises.
Meniscal injury
The meniscus is a C-shaped fibrocartilage structure in the knee that provides shock absorption, joint stability, and lubrication. It receives minimal blood supply, so tears do not heal well. Bucket handle tears are most common. Symptoms include locking, pain, and swelling. Exams involve McMurray's test and Apley's test to isolate meniscal tears. MRI is very sensitive for diagnosis. Treatment ranges from immobilization and physical therapy for acute tears to arthroscopic surgery to repair or excise chronic tears.
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The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee, including their structure, function, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. It notes that meniscal tears are commonly sports-related or due to motor vehicle accidents. While meniscal repair or conservative treatment are preferred to preserve meniscal tissue, partial meniscectomy is still a common option that allows for quicker return to activity compared to repair or no surgery. However, meniscectomy is associated with increased risk of osteoarthritis over the long-term. MRI is an important diagnostic tool but clinical exam also provides value in diagnosis.
Meniscal injury
The document discusses meniscal injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and function of the menisci, types of meniscal tears, symptoms and diagnosis of tears. Treatment options include nonsurgical care, partial meniscectomy to remove torn parts, and meniscal repair surgery which is best for peripheral, vertical tears. While removal addresses pain, it increases risk for osteoarthritis long term. The goal of repair is to preserve as much viable meniscal tissue as possible for cartilage protection.
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Meniscal tears
The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee. It describes the two menisci, their functions, and common mechanisms of injury like twisting motions or rising from a squat. The most common types of tears are outlined. Surgery is usually recommended for tears in the avascular zone that cannot heal or for larger tears causing pain. Rehabilitation after surgery or non-surgically involves restoring range of motion, strengthening the muscles, and gradually returning to activities over several months.
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Role of the Meniscus
Material Properties
Structural Limitations / Failure Limits
Mechanism & Treatment of Injuries
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The meniscus has a crescent shape and acts as a shock absorber in the knee. It develops fully by 10 weeks of gestation. The meniscus has radial, circumferential, and perforating fibers that allow it to bear loads and stabilize the knee joint. Meniscal tears most commonly occur in the posterior horn from rotational forces on a flexed knee. Tears are classified as longitudinal, horizontal, oblique, radial, or displaced. Clinical exams like McMurray's test and MRI are used to diagnose tears, which are often treated surgically with repair, partial/subtotal/total meniscectomy. Untreated tears can lead to meniscal cysts or discoid meniscus formation over time
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Meniscal tears can occur from traumatic injuries or degeneration. The menisci are C-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures that act as shock absorbers and provide stability in the knee. MRI is the gold standard for diagnosing meniscal tears, which are classified based on their location and orientation. Treatment depends on the type and location of the tear but may involve conservative management, arthroscopic repair, or partial meniscectomy. Repair is preferred for young patients with peripheral, longitudinal tears while meniscectomy is used for complex, degenerative tears. The goal of treatment is to preserve as much meniscal tissue as possible to prevent osteoarthritis.
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This document discusses meniscus repair, including indications for repair such as longitudinal tears less than 3 cm within the vascular zone of the meniscus. It describes techniques for meniscus repair including inside-out, outside-in, all-inside, and hybrid techniques. Postoperative rehabilitation involves immobilization and restricted weight bearing followed by progressive range of motion and strengthening exercises.
Meniscal injury
The meniscus is a C-shaped fibrocartilage structure in the knee that provides shock absorption, joint stability, and lubrication. It receives minimal blood supply, so tears do not heal well. Bucket handle tears are most common. Symptoms include locking, pain, and swelling. Exams involve McMurray's test and Apley's test to isolate meniscal tears. MRI is very sensitive for diagnosis. Treatment ranges from immobilization and physical therapy for acute tears to arthroscopic surgery to repair or excise chronic tears.
Meniscal tearsandtheirtreatment
The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee, including their structure, function, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. It notes that meniscal tears are commonly sports-related or due to motor vehicle accidents. While meniscal repair or conservative treatment are preferred to preserve meniscal tissue, partial meniscectomy is still a common option that allows for quicker return to activity compared to repair or no surgery. However, meniscectomy is associated with increased risk of osteoarthritis over the long-term. MRI is an important diagnostic tool but clinical exam also provides value in diagnosis.
Meniscal injury
The document discusses meniscal injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and function of the menisci, types of meniscal tears, symptoms and diagnosis of tears. Treatment options include nonsurgical care, partial meniscectomy to remove torn parts, and meniscal repair surgery which is best for peripheral, vertical tears. While removal addresses pain, it increases risk for osteoarthritis long term. The goal of repair is to preserve as much viable meniscal tissue as possible for cartilage protection.
Meniscal injury
The knee joint contains bony structures like the patella, femoral condyles, and tibial plateaus. It also contains soft tissues like the medial and lateral menisci and anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. The menisci function to distribute joint fluid, absorb shock, deepen the joint, stabilize the joint, and bear weight. Meniscal tears are most commonly longitudinal tears of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus caused by rotation of the flexed knee. Diagnosis involves history, physical exam including tests like McMurray's and Thessaly, and imaging like MRI. Treatment involves initial immobilization and rehab followed by possible surgical repair, removal, or replacement of torn meniscal tissue.
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The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee. It provides information on:
1. The anatomy and functions of the menisci in the knee joint.
2. Common causes and types of meniscal injuries, which most often occur from twisting motions in sports.
3. Evaluation, treatment options including surgery and rehabilitation for meniscal tears.
4. The rehabilitation process focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, regaining range of motion and strength through stretching and strengthening exercises.
meniscal injuries
The document discusses meniscal injuries and pathology. It provides information on the anatomy and function of the menisci, as well as types of meniscal tears. The diagnosis of meniscal tears involves taking a history of the injury and examining for symptoms like joint line tenderness, effusion, and a locking sensation. Investigations may include x-rays, MRI, arthrography and arthroscopy. Treatment options discussed include non-surgical management for minor tears and surgical repair or resection for larger tears.
Meniscal injuries
The document discusses the anatomy, function, types of tears, clinical assessment, and treatment options for meniscal injuries. It provides details on the anatomy of the medial and lateral menisci, the different types of tears that can occur, clinical tests to diagnose tears, and surgical and non-surgical treatment methods including meniscal repair, partial meniscectomy, and meniscal transplantation.
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The document discusses the anatomy and function of the menisci in the knee joint. It provides details on the history of meniscal repair surgery and classifications of meniscal tears. The menisci are C-shaped structures that deepen the tibial surfaces and absorb shock in the knee. They are composed primarily of collagen and decrease contact stress between the tibia and femur. Common injuries include longitudinal tears, especially in the posterior horn, which can occur during twisting motions of the knee.
Meniscus injury
This document discusses meniscus injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and functions of the medial and lateral meniscus. Common types of meniscal tears are described based on location and pattern. Physical exam maneuvers for diagnosing meniscal tears include Thessaly test, McMurray's test, and Apley's grinding test. MRI is the most sensitive imaging method. Treatment involves initial rest, ice, and NSAIDs for minor tears. Surgery options include partial meniscectomy, meniscal repair, or meniscal transplantation for more severe tears. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
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The Stone Clinic is founded on the goal of rehabilitating all patients to an operating level higher than before they were injured. The Stone Clinic specializes in sports medicine and injury treatment of knee, shoulder, and ankle joints. Stone has lectured and is recognized internationally as an authority on cartilage and meniscal growth, replacement, and repair. Stone and the Stone Clinic are known for the development of the paste grafting surgical technique in 1991, combined with meniscus replacement, which are biologic joint replacement procedures for the regeneration of the knee joint. Surgical procedures were subjected to rigorous outcomes analysis with the results reported in peer reviewed journals. The surgical techniques have been taught to surgeons in the US and worldwide, through lectures and videos.
Nursing students, medical students, residents, fellows, and other physicians from various institutions around the world, rotate through The Stone Clinic and mentor with Stone. The Stone Clinic hosts the annual Meniscus Transplantation Study Group Meeting as well as the annual Professional Women Athlete's Career Conference.
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This document discusses the anatomy, function, injuries, and treatment of the medial and lateral menisci of the knee. It begins by describing the anatomy of each meniscus, noting their shapes, attachments, and roles in load bearing. It then covers the microstructure of meniscal tissue. Common types of meniscal injuries are outlined, including longitudinal, horizontal, oblique, and radial tears. Clinical evaluation and MRI are discussed for diagnosing tears. Treatment options are summarized, including non-operative management, partial or total meniscectomy, and arthroscopic repair. Post-operative rehabilitation is also briefly mentioned.
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The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It connects the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur. The PCL prevents the femur from sliding off the anterior edge of the tibia and prevents hyperextension of the knee. Injuries to the PCL typically occur from direct blows to the flexed knee, falling on the knee, or hyperextension injuries. Treatment involves rest, bracing, and physical therapy, with surgery required for complete tears.
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Meniscal injuries are common soft tissue injuries of the knee joint. The menisci help with load distribution, joint stability, and shock absorption in the knee. Traumatic meniscal tears often occur in young, active individuals during twisting sports and can be diagnosed using physical examination maneuvers like the McMurray test. Arthroscopic surgery is a common treatment for meniscal tears.
Meniscus injury
The menisci are crescents, roughly triangular in cross section, that cover one half to two thirds of the articular surface of the corresponding tibial plateau. They are composed of dense, tightly woven collagen fibers arranged in a pattern providing great elasticity and ability to withstand compression.
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This document discusses lesions of the menisci, specifically tears. It describes the different types of meniscal tears including vertical/longitudinal, horizontal, and radial tears. It outlines the mechanisms of injury including twisting motions. The clinical features of a meniscal tear are also summarized, including symptoms like pain and locking of the knee. Tests to diagnose a tear are explained, such as McMurray's test and Thessaly test. Treatment options including conservative treatment with immobilization and physical therapy or surgical treatment like arthroscopy are mentioned.
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This document discusses the anatomy, biomechanics, and pathology of the meniscus in the knee. It begins by describing the structure and functions of the meniscus, including its role in load distribution, shock absorption, and joint stability. It then covers the different types of meniscal tears, categorized by their orientation (horizontal, longitudinal, radial). Imaging techniques for identifying meniscal tears are discussed, along with clinical exams. Finally, the document outlines treatment approaches, including non-surgical management and surgical options like meniscectomy, repair, and transplantation.
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Meniscal injury
The knee joint contains bony structures like the patella, femoral condyles, and tibial plateaus. It also contains soft tissues like the medial and lateral menisci and anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. The menisci function to distribute joint fluid, absorb shock, deepen the joint, stabilize the joint, and bear weight. Meniscal tears are most commonly longitudinal tears of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus caused by rotation of the flexed knee. Diagnosis involves history, physical exam including tests like McMurray's and Thessaly, and imaging like MRI. Treatment involves initial immobilization and rehab followed by possible surgical repair, removal, or replacement of torn meniscal tissue.
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The document discusses meniscal tears in the knee. It provides information on:
1. The anatomy and functions of the menisci in the knee joint.
2. Common causes and types of meniscal injuries, which most often occur from twisting motions in sports.
3. Evaluation, treatment options including surgery and rehabilitation for meniscal tears.
4. The rehabilitation process focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, regaining range of motion and strength through stretching and strengthening exercises.
meniscal injuries
The document discusses meniscal injuries and pathology. It provides information on the anatomy and function of the menisci, as well as types of meniscal tears. The diagnosis of meniscal tears involves taking a history of the injury and examining for symptoms like joint line tenderness, effusion, and a locking sensation. Investigations may include x-rays, MRI, arthrography and arthroscopy. Treatment options discussed include non-surgical management for minor tears and surgical repair or resection for larger tears.
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The document discusses the anatomy, function, types of tears, clinical assessment, and treatment options for meniscal injuries. It provides details on the anatomy of the medial and lateral menisci, the different types of tears that can occur, clinical tests to diagnose tears, and surgical and non-surgical treatment methods including meniscal repair, partial meniscectomy, and meniscal transplantation.
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The document discusses the anatomy and function of the menisci in the knee joint. It provides details on the history of meniscal repair surgery and classifications of meniscal tears. The menisci are C-shaped structures that deepen the tibial surfaces and absorb shock in the knee. They are composed primarily of collagen and decrease contact stress between the tibia and femur. Common injuries include longitudinal tears, especially in the posterior horn, which can occur during twisting motions of the knee.
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This document discusses meniscus injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and functions of the medial and lateral meniscus. Common types of meniscal tears are described based on location and pattern. Physical exam maneuvers for diagnosing meniscal tears include Thessaly test, McMurray's test, and Apley's grinding test. MRI is the most sensitive imaging method. Treatment involves initial rest, ice, and NSAIDs for minor tears. Surgery options include partial meniscectomy, meniscal repair, or meniscal transplantation for more severe tears. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
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The Stone Clinic is founded on the goal of rehabilitating all patients to an operating level higher than before they were injured. The Stone Clinic specializes in sports medicine and injury treatment of knee, shoulder, and ankle joints. Stone has lectured and is recognized internationally as an authority on cartilage and meniscal growth, replacement, and repair. Stone and the Stone Clinic are known for the development of the paste grafting surgical technique in 1991, combined with meniscus replacement, which are biologic joint replacement procedures for the regeneration of the knee joint. Surgical procedures were subjected to rigorous outcomes analysis with the results reported in peer reviewed journals. The surgical techniques have been taught to surgeons in the US and worldwide, through lectures and videos.
Nursing students, medical students, residents, fellows, and other physicians from various institutions around the world, rotate through The Stone Clinic and mentor with Stone. The Stone Clinic hosts the annual Meniscus Transplantation Study Group Meeting as well as the annual Professional Women Athlete's Career Conference.
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This document discusses the anatomy, function, injuries, and treatment of the medial and lateral menisci of the knee. It begins by describing the anatomy of each meniscus, noting their shapes, attachments, and roles in load bearing. It then covers the microstructure of meniscal tissue. Common types of meniscal injuries are outlined, including longitudinal, horizontal, oblique, and radial tears. Clinical evaluation and MRI are discussed for diagnosing tears. Treatment options are summarized, including non-operative management, partial or total meniscectomy, and arthroscopic repair. Post-operative rehabilitation is also briefly mentioned.
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Meniscal injuries are common soft tissue injuries of the knee joint. The menisci help with load distribution, joint stability, and shock absorption in the knee. Traumatic meniscal tears often occur in young, active individuals during twisting sports and can be diagnosed using physical examination maneuvers like the McMurray test. Arthroscopic surgery is a common treatment for meniscal tears.
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The menisci are crescents, roughly triangular in cross section, that cover one half to two thirds of the articular surface of the corresponding tibial plateau. They are composed of dense, tightly woven collagen fibers arranged in a pattern providing great elasticity and ability to withstand compression.
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This document discusses knee dislocations, including their epidemiology, stabilizers of the knee joint, clinical features, associated injuries, imaging, and classifications. It also reviews treatment indications and options for knee dislocations, such as early open repair, acute reconstruction, staged reconstruction, and use of an external fixator. Complications include stiffness, which can be addressed through early range of motion exercises and manipulation if needed.
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This document discusses the anatomy, biomechanics, and pathology of the meniscus in the knee. It begins by describing the structure and functions of the meniscus, including its role in load distribution, shock absorption, and joint stability. It then covers the different types of meniscal tears, categorized by their orientation (horizontal, longitudinal, radial). Imaging techniques for identifying meniscal tears are discussed, along with clinical exams. Finally, the document outlines treatment approaches, including non-surgical management and surgical options like meniscectomy, repair, and transplantation.
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Treatment and management of osteoarthritis focuses on relieving pain, restoring function, reducing disability, and rehabilitation. Diagnostic tools include x-rays, which are important for examining the affected joint, and synovial fluid analysis. Conservative treatment involves patient education, weight loss, physiotherapy including heat/cold therapy and exercises, and pharmacological measures. Surgical options include proximal tibial osteotomy to realign the knee joint, total knee replacement to replace arthritic surfaces with artificial components, arthrodesis for small joints, and arthroscopic debridement to temporarily treat osteoarthritis of the knee.
14. knee Rehabilitation (2).ppt
1. The document discusses the anatomy and function of the knee joint, including the bones, muscles, meniscus, ligaments, and bursae that make up the knee.
2. Common knee injuries are described such as torn cartilage (meniscus), ligament tears, arthritis, bursitis, and bone tumors.
3. Rehabilitation programs for meniscus tears and ACL reconstruction are outlined, focusing on reducing pain, restoring range of motion and strength through exercises.
Present ortho korat
- The document describes a 24-year-old Thai male who presented to the emergency room with pain in his right wrist after falling while playing football 3 hours prior. Examination revealed swelling and tenderness in the right wrist. X-rays showed a fracture of the right scaphoid bone. The patient was initially managed with a thumb spica splint, sling, and pain medications. He was instructed to follow up in one week.
Pni
1. Peripheral nerve injuries can be diagnosed through tests like nerve conduction velocity studies, electromyography, Tinel's sign, sweat tests, and skin resistance tests.
2. Factors affecting the prognosis of nerve repair surgery include the size of the gap between nerve ends, the age of the patient, time since injury, level of injury, handling of the nerve, and condition of the nerve ends.
3. Surgical techniques for repairing nerve injuries include primary repair, secondary repair, partial neurorrhaphy, epineural neurorraphy, fascicular neurorraphy, interfasciular neurorraphy, nerve grafting, nerve guides, and transpositioning. Re
Musculo skeletal problems in the community
This document discusses common musculoskeletal problems seen in the community, including knee, shoulder, ankle and foot issues. It provides details on the causes, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment approaches for various conditions like patellofemoral pain syndrome, shoulder instability, adhesive capsulitis, rotator cuff tears, ankle sprains and plantar fasciitis. Special investigations like MRI and treatment methods such as injections, physiotherapy, manipulation and surgery are touched upon.
SPINAL STABILIZATION PPT
Spinal stabilization involves surgical procedures to treat acute spinal injuries and conditions by restoring vertebral alignment and removing bone fragments. The degree of stabilization depends on the severity of the problem. Surgery involves inserting instruments like screws and plates in the back to stabilize the spine and facilitate fusion after decompression. Minimally invasive procedures perform stabilization through small incisions without damaging muscles. Recovery takes around six months with limited activity and physical therapy starting in the first week.
Brain and spine care
This document discusses various types of brain and spinal surgeries performed by Armancare including: microsurgery for brain tumors, endoscopic brain surgery, skull base surgery, brain trauma surgery, spinal decompression, spinal fusion, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty. It then focuses on decompression surgery and spinal fusion, describing how decompression surgery removes bone and disc material to relieve pressure on nerves while fusion fuses vertebrae to decrease pain. Microdiscectomy and laminectomy are discussed as common decompression procedures.
10. Damage to tendon .pptx
Tendons connect muscles to bones and allow joints to move. Common hand tendon injuries include cuts, sports injuries, bites, and crushing injuries. Symptoms include inability to bend or straighten fingers, pain, swelling, and drooping. Tendon repair surgery involves stitching cut or torn tendon ends back together. Recovery requires 6 weeks of splinting and physical therapy to regain strength and range of motion, which can take up to 6 months. Returning to normal activities depends on the individual but may take 8-12 weeks.
Accessory navicular
The accessory navicular is an extra bone located on the medial side of the navicular bone. It is usually asymptomatic but can cause foot pain in some people. Non-surgical treatments like rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and shoe modifications are usually effective. If pain persists, surgical removal of the accessory bone and advancement of the posterior tibial tendon (Kidner procedure) can provide relief. The surgery involves excising the accessory bone, smoothing the navicular, and rerouting the tendon to reduce arch strain. A cast is worn post-operatively to support the foot during healing. Complications can include residual tenderness if too much bone is not removed.
5 wfa bone and joint injuries
This document covers assessment and treatment of bone and joint injuries commonly encountered in wilderness activities. It discusses muscle injuries, fractures, dislocations, splinting techniques, and guidelines for prevention and evacuation. The key points are: muscle injuries are assessed using RICE (rest, immobilization, cold, elevation); fractures should be splinted to prevent further damage, with specific splinting techniques for different bones; dislocations can sometimes be reduced at the injury site by putting gentle traction on the bone or joint; and complications may require rapid evacuation.
Similar to Meniscal tears pp Anndee Neuman (20)
Ligamentous Injuries Around Knee by Dr Arun C Raj, Ortho Resident, KIMS Hubli
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Ankel and foot surgery And their Anesthesia consideration
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Paige Anderson's LNT
The document provides guidelines for minimizing impacts when visiting wilderness areas. It recommends planning ahead, using durable surfaces for travel and camping, properly disposing of waste, minimizing campfire impacts, respecting wildlife, and being considerate of other visitors. Specific tips include using established campsites, keeping campfires small, storing food securely, and giving wildlife space. The overall message is to follow the principles of leaving no trace.
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This document provides information on training for football players across three seasons. It includes recommendations for warm-ups, stretches, strength training exercises, agility drills, conditioning drills, and target body fat percentages for football players. Drills like dot drills, shuttle runs, and sprints can be used all seasons, as well as stretches for the hips, hamstrings, quads, arms, calves, and butterfly. Strength training should include exercises like bench press, squats, calf raises, and deltoid exercises. Conditioning includes wind sprints, tire flips, burpees, sled pushes, and jogs/walks. The optimal body fat range for football players is 10-17% though some positions
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Athletic injury vball
Volleyball players need adequate nutrition including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. They should stay hydrated by drinking fluids before, during, and after exercise. Pre-competition meals should include whole grains, proteins, fruits, and vegetables. Post-competition meals within an hour should replenish energy stores and fluids through foods like pasta, bread, fish, and rice. Junk food does not provide lasting energy benefits compared to healthier options.
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Leave no trace
The document provides tips for planning and preparing for a safe and environmentally-friendly backcountry trip. It recommends identifying trip goals and participant skills, learning about the area, choosing proper equipment, and meal planning. Additionally, it suggests traveling on durable surfaces, properly disposing of waste, leaving natural areas undisturbed, minimizing campfire impacts, respecting wildlife, and being considerate of other visitors.
Leave no trace
The document provides guidelines for minimizing impacts when visiting wilderness areas, including planning ahead, using durable surfaces for travel and camping, properly disposing of waste, leaving areas undisturbed, minimizing campfire impacts, respecting wildlife, and being considerate of other visitors. Some key recommendations are to use established trails and campsites, pack out all trash, select campsites in areas without vegetation, and observe wildlife from a distance without feeding them.
Leave no trace
The document provides guidance on minimizing impacts when camping or hiking. It discusses the importance of planning trips in advance and being prepared. When in the outdoors, visitors should travel on durable surfaces, properly dispose of waste, leave natural objects undisturbed, minimize campfire impacts, and respect wildlife by observing from a distance without feeding or touching animals. The guidelines help protect natural resources and the experience of future visitors.
Leave no trace
The document provides guidance on properly disposing of human waste in the backcountry according to Leave No Trace principles. It recommends using catholes, which involve digging a hole 6-8 inches deep and 4-6 inches wide to bury solid human waste at least 200 feet from water sources, trails, and campsites. Toilet paper and tampons should be packed out in plastic bags rather than buried. Urine can be dispersed on rocks or gravel to minimize impacts on vegetation and avoid attracting wildlife.
Leave no trace By Christin Clark
- Know the regulations and special concerns for areas you visit and prepare for extreme weather and hazards.
- Concentrate travel on established trails and durable surfaces like rock to avoid damaging land.
- When camping, select already impacted sites when possible and concentrate activities to minimize enlarging disturbed areas.
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The 7 principles for preserving the great outdoors are to plan trips carefully, prepare for hazards and emergencies, travel and camp on durable surfaces, protect wildlife habitats, leave areas as you find them, minimize campfire impacts, and respect other visitors. Key points include knowing rules, using established trails and campsites, packing out all waste, and avoiding damage to natural or historical structures.
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Seven basic leave no trace tips
This document outlines 7 basic leave no trace tips for outdoor recreation: 1) Plan ahead and prepare for your trip, 2) Travel and camp on durable surfaces like established trails and campsites, 3) Properly dispose of waste by packing it out, 4) Leave what you find undisturbed, 5) Minimize campfire impacts by only using established fire rings and putting fires out completely, 6) Respect wildlife by observing from a distance without feeding or approaching them, 7) Be considerate of other visitors.
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This document provides guidelines for minimizing environmental impact when camping or visiting natural areas. It recommends packing out all trash, using established trails and campsites, camping away from water sources, following low-impact fire and human waste guidelines, avoiding disturbing plants, animals and cultural artifacts, and being courteous to other visitors.
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5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
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Meniscal tears pp Anndee Neuman
- 1. Meniscal Tears By Anndee Neuman Orthoinfo.aaos.org
- 2. o Meniscal tears often happen during sports. Players may squat and twist the knee or direct contact, like a tackle, is sometimes involved. There is also degenerative meniscal tears. oStiffness and swelling oFeel/hear a “pop” oPain oCatching or locking oThe sensation of your knee "giving way" oThere is no full range of motion
- 3. www.orthobullets.com • McMurray test. Your doctor will bend your knee, then straighten and rotate it. This puts tension on a torn meniscus. If you have a meniscal tear, this movement will cause a clicking sound. • X-rays. Although X-rays do not show meniscal tears, they may show other causes of knee pain. • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study can create better images of the soft tissues of your knee joint. www.kneeguru.co.uk
- 4. • If tear is small and on the outer edge of the meniscus, symptoms don’t persist, and knee is stable nonsurgical treatment is an option. • R.I.C.E. • Rest. Take a break from activity. You might use crutches • Ice. Use ice packs several times a day. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. • Compression. wear an elastic compression bandage. • Elevation. Put your leg up higher than your heart. • * Drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen reduce pain and swelling. • If your symptoms persist with nonsurgical treatment, your doctor may suggest arthroscopic surgery. • Procedure. Knee arthroscopy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. In it, a miniature camera is inserted through a small incision. This provides a clear view of the inside of the knee. Your orthopedic surgeon inserts miniature surgical instruments through other small incisions to trim or repair the tear.
- 5. • May have a cast or brace to keep your knee from moving. • Your rehab will be guided by your doctor and designed for your individual needs • Range of motion, strengthening, and flexibility rehabilitation exercises will be in your rehab plan. • Rehabilitation can be carried out at home, although your doctor may recommend physical therapy.
- 7. • 1-2 days = walking with a crutch • 1-2 weeks = regular activities • 3 months = regular function without stiffness or soreness. • When it comes to the surgery, the recovery time ranges from a week to a little more than a month, considering what type of surgery it is and how you respond to medicines.
Editor's Notes
- Depending on the type of tear and severity..