This document discusses various types of brain and spinal surgeries performed by Armancare including: microsurgery for brain tumors, endoscopic brain surgery, skull base surgery, brain trauma surgery, spinal decompression, spinal fusion, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty. It then focuses on decompression surgery and spinal fusion, describing how decompression surgery removes bone and disc material to relieve pressure on nerves while fusion fuses vertebrae to decrease pain. Microdiscectomy and laminectomy are discussed as common decompression procedures.
Breaking Down and Understanding Laminotomy, Laminectomy & Spinal FusionAna McCorkhill
The document discusses laminectomy, laminotomy, and spinal fusion procedures. A laminectomy involves completely removing the lamina bone, while a laminotomy removes only part of the lamina bone. Both procedures are used to treat herniated discs and spinal stenosis. Spinal fusion is used to stabilize vertebrae and is often needed after laminectomy due to instability. The document describes each procedure and compares their goals, risks, and post-operative considerations.
Aarex Medical Services: Save 70% on spine surgery cost in India. World class spine surgery facilities like top spine surgery hospitals in India, microscopic spine surgery in India, low cost & affordable spine surgery in India. Contact us to get most competitive cost of spinal surgery in India, back surgery & microscopic spine surgery in India.
Reaching us is easy…
Write to us…
ramesh.aarex@gmail.com
doctor@aarexmedical.com
Call us
+ 91 98201 99574
+ 91 22 2537 2435
+ 91 98192 11068
Speak to us free of cost!
Skype: aarex.ramesh
Google Talk:ramesh.aarex@gmail.com
Browse our site,
www.surgeryinindia.in
Touch base via,
Facebook : www.facebook.com/aarexmedicalservices
Twitter : www.twitter.com/aarexmedicalservices
Blog : www.blogger.com/aarexmedicalservices
This video explains Lumbar Microsurgical Minimally Invasive Decompression in Detail. When degenerative disc disease begins to affect the spine this is called degenerative disc disease. This video highlights the history, epidemiology, and treatment options both conservative and surgical. If you or someone you know needs to be seen in regards to Lumbar Disc Replacement feel free to look us up online www.beverlyspine.com or www.santamonicaspine.com OR call toll free 1-8SPINECAL-1
This document discusses new advances in spine surgery. It describes minimally invasive techniques that are becoming more common, such as balloon kyphoplasty to treat vertebral fractures, cervical disc replacement instead of fusion, and minimal access lumbar surgery. These new approaches aim to reduce trauma to muscles and soft tissues compared to conventional open surgeries. The document also discusses the importance of selecting the right surgical treatment and technique based on a patient's individual clinical findings and investigational results.
The document provides information about lumbar laminectomy surgery, which involves removing part of the lamina bone in the lower back to widen the spinal canal and relieve pressure on nerve roots, and details what patients can expect after the outpatient procedure including short-term pain and a recovery period over several weeks with physical therapy. It also lists medications that should be avoided before surgery due to increased bleeding risk and provides post-operative guidelines about incision care, activity levels, and follow-up appointments.
Lateral mass screw fixation is a widely used technique for cervical spine fixation that has been used for over 25 years. It is indicated for trauma, tumors, deformities, and degenerative conditions. Important factors for determining the surgical approach include the spinal alignment, rigidity of deformity, number of levels involved, presence of subluxation, patient's medical status, and presence of axial neck pain. Lateral mass screws are directed laterally from the lateral mass to avoid injury to the spinal nerve, vertebral artery, and dorsal ramus. Studies show high fusion success and stability with lateral mass screws and relatively low complication rates.
Nova Medical Centers provides ambulatory spine surgery, also known as day care spine surgery, in Bangalore, Delhi, and Mumbai, India. Advances in surgical techniques and technology have allowed many spinal procedures that previously required long hospital stays to now be routinely performed on an outpatient basis. Key procedures discussed include percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for herniated discs, nucleoplasty for contained disc herniations, kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures, and percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Pe-TLIF) for severe degenerative lumbar disc disease.
Breaking Down and Understanding Laminotomy, Laminectomy & Spinal FusionAna McCorkhill
The document discusses laminectomy, laminotomy, and spinal fusion procedures. A laminectomy involves completely removing the lamina bone, while a laminotomy removes only part of the lamina bone. Both procedures are used to treat herniated discs and spinal stenosis. Spinal fusion is used to stabilize vertebrae and is often needed after laminectomy due to instability. The document describes each procedure and compares their goals, risks, and post-operative considerations.
Aarex Medical Services: Save 70% on spine surgery cost in India. World class spine surgery facilities like top spine surgery hospitals in India, microscopic spine surgery in India, low cost & affordable spine surgery in India. Contact us to get most competitive cost of spinal surgery in India, back surgery & microscopic spine surgery in India.
Reaching us is easy…
Write to us…
ramesh.aarex@gmail.com
doctor@aarexmedical.com
Call us
+ 91 98201 99574
+ 91 22 2537 2435
+ 91 98192 11068
Speak to us free of cost!
Skype: aarex.ramesh
Google Talk:ramesh.aarex@gmail.com
Browse our site,
www.surgeryinindia.in
Touch base via,
Facebook : www.facebook.com/aarexmedicalservices
Twitter : www.twitter.com/aarexmedicalservices
Blog : www.blogger.com/aarexmedicalservices
This video explains Lumbar Microsurgical Minimally Invasive Decompression in Detail. When degenerative disc disease begins to affect the spine this is called degenerative disc disease. This video highlights the history, epidemiology, and treatment options both conservative and surgical. If you or someone you know needs to be seen in regards to Lumbar Disc Replacement feel free to look us up online www.beverlyspine.com or www.santamonicaspine.com OR call toll free 1-8SPINECAL-1
This document discusses new advances in spine surgery. It describes minimally invasive techniques that are becoming more common, such as balloon kyphoplasty to treat vertebral fractures, cervical disc replacement instead of fusion, and minimal access lumbar surgery. These new approaches aim to reduce trauma to muscles and soft tissues compared to conventional open surgeries. The document also discusses the importance of selecting the right surgical treatment and technique based on a patient's individual clinical findings and investigational results.
The document provides information about lumbar laminectomy surgery, which involves removing part of the lamina bone in the lower back to widen the spinal canal and relieve pressure on nerve roots, and details what patients can expect after the outpatient procedure including short-term pain and a recovery period over several weeks with physical therapy. It also lists medications that should be avoided before surgery due to increased bleeding risk and provides post-operative guidelines about incision care, activity levels, and follow-up appointments.
Lateral mass screw fixation is a widely used technique for cervical spine fixation that has been used for over 25 years. It is indicated for trauma, tumors, deformities, and degenerative conditions. Important factors for determining the surgical approach include the spinal alignment, rigidity of deformity, number of levels involved, presence of subluxation, patient's medical status, and presence of axial neck pain. Lateral mass screws are directed laterally from the lateral mass to avoid injury to the spinal nerve, vertebral artery, and dorsal ramus. Studies show high fusion success and stability with lateral mass screws and relatively low complication rates.
Nova Medical Centers provides ambulatory spine surgery, also known as day care spine surgery, in Bangalore, Delhi, and Mumbai, India. Advances in surgical techniques and technology have allowed many spinal procedures that previously required long hospital stays to now be routinely performed on an outpatient basis. Key procedures discussed include percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for herniated discs, nucleoplasty for contained disc herniations, kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures, and percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Pe-TLIF) for severe degenerative lumbar disc disease.
1. A herniated disc occurs when the soft central portion of an intervertebral disc bulges out beyond the damaged outer rings, most commonly in the lumbar region of the spine.
2. Symptoms vary depending on location but often include back pain radiating into the legs as well as sensory changes and weakness.
3. Treatment options include medications, physical therapy, epidural steroid injections, and surgery if conservative measures fail or neurological deficits are present.
This document provides an overview of spinal anatomy and common spinal conditions presented by Dr. Tarek ElHewala. It describes the basic anatomy of the spine and discusses lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and lumbar spondylolisthesis. For each condition, it outlines symptoms, diagnostic imaging, non-surgical and surgical treatment options. Diagrams and radiological images are provided to illustrate spinal anatomy and various pathologies. The document serves as an educational guide on orthopaedic conditions of the spine.
This document discusses degenerative disc disease, which is a common cause of back and nerve pain. It begins by explaining the importance of correlating imaging findings with clinical symptoms to determine the appropriate treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging is often the preferred method for evaluating lumbar disc disease. The document then describes the normal anatomy of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar discs. It identifies the C5-C6, C6-C7, L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels as being most commonly affected. The remainder of the document discusses the pathophysiology and phases of disc degeneration, including changes that can be seen on imaging studies.
Trunnionosis refers to wear and corrosion at the modular junction between the femoral head and stem. It has increased in recent years due to factors like larger head sizes, mixed metal couplings, and more flexible neck designs. It can lead to adverse local tissue reactions, osteolysis, pain, and in severe cases, implant loosening. Diagnosis involves clinical suspicion, blood metal ion levels, imaging, and sometimes revision surgery to address trunnion damage and remove necrotic tissue. Surgeons can minimize risk by implant material choices, head sizing, and careful assembly technique.
MSK Ultrasound Imaging for Prolozone ApplicationsMegan Hughes
MSK Ultrasound Visualization for Tendonitis, Ligament Laxity, Bone Spurs, Trigger Points showing Cellular Anatomy for Bone Spur and Fibrosis. Injectional Treatment of Bone Spur and Tendon/Ligament Fibrosis with Ultrasound Guidance and Ultrasound Imaging and Guided Injection of Intevertebral Discs.
1) There are 33 vertebrae in the spine, but due to fusion only 26 are functional. The vertebrae are divided into 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae.
2) Degenerative disc disease is the most common cause of lower back pain. It involves the gradual drying out and loss of the intervertebral disc's ability to function as a shock absorber. This transfer of stress can lead to further degeneration of surrounding structures like facet joints.
3) Stages of disc degeneration include disc bulge, annular tears, and disc herniation which can be protruded, extruded, or sequestrated as it progresses. Identification of the specific
1) Lumbar interbody fusion is a spinal surgery technique that aims to eliminate painful segmental motion by forming a bony bridge between vertebrae. It involves removing the disc and placing a bone graft and/or interbody device to maintain alignment and disc height.
2) There are several approaches for lumbar interbody fusion, including anterior (ALIF, LLIF, OLIF), posterior (PLIF, TLIF), and transforaminal. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages in terms of access, fusion rates, and potential complications.
3) Anterior approaches provide a large surface area for fusion but require abdominal incisions, while posterior approaches allow indirect decompression but have a limited surgical
Dr. Donald Corenman, M.D., D.C. (http://neckandback.com 970-479-5895) is a spine surgeon who specializes in the anatomy of the spine. He treats chronic back pain and all conditions associated with the neck, back and spine including arthritis of the spine, slipped disc, degenerative disc disease, degenerative Spondylolysthesis, spinal stenosis, sciatica and scoliosis. He is in private practice at the Steadman Clinic, Spine Institute, in Vail, CO.
This presentation was created to help patients, students and physicians gain insight into understanding disorders of the spine, as well as provide a broader understanding relating to the anatomy of the spine. The presentation details the causes of chronic back pain and describes specific causes as they relate to spinal disorders.
Ligament stress, strain on the back, annular and disc tears, degenerative changes and aging can lead to chronic back pain. Understanding disorders of the spine and how they are caused will help provide the right treatment option for individual patients.
Dr. Corenman is a Colorado spine expert and talented lecturer and researcher. He has written countless medical articles on spine injuries, spine conditions and the surgical options that are available today. He recently launched his own website (http://neckandback.com) to educate patients on spine disorders and to offer second opinions to physicians and colleagues who are seeking additional information on specific spine injuries and treatment options.
A herniated disc most often occurs in the lumbar region (low back). This is because the lumbar spine carries most of the body's weight. Sometimes the herniation can press on a nerve, causing pain that spreads or radiates to other parts of the body.
1) Subtrochanteric Fracture
Subtrochanteric typically defined as area from lesser trochanter to 5cm distal fractures with an associated intertrochanteric component may be called peritrochanteric fracture.
*Unique Aspect
Blood loss is greater than with femoral neck or trochanteric fractures – covered with anastomosing branches of the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries branch of profunda femoris trunk.
2) Femoral Shaft Fracture
Femoral shaft fracture is defined as a fracture of the diaphysis occurring between 5 cm distal to the lesser trochanter and 5 cm proximal to the adductor tubercle
The femoral shaft is padded with large muscles.
- reduction can be difficult as muscle contraction displaces the fracture
- healing potential is improved by having this well-vascularized
*Age
-usually a fracture of young adults and results from a high energy injury
-elderly patients should be considered ‘pathological’ until proved otherwise
-children under 4 years the suspected possibility of physical abuse
*FRACTURES ASSOCIATED WITH VASCULAR INJURY
Warning signs of an associated vascular injury are
(1) excessive bleeding or haematoma formation; and
(2) paraesthesia, pallor or pulselessness in the leg and foot.
~Warm ischemia in 2-3H
~If > 6H – salvage not possible
*‘FLOATING KNEE’
Ipsilateral fractures of the femur and tibia may leave the knee joint ‘floating’
3) Distal Femoral Fracture
Defined as fractures from articular surface to 5cm above metaphyseal flare
*clinical feature
The knee is swollen because of a haemarthrosis – this can be severe enough to cause blistering later
Movement is too painful to be attempted
The tibial pulses should always be checked to ensure the popliteal artery was not injured in the fracture.
Reference: Apley's System of Orthopaedic and Fracture (9th edition)
The document discusses posterior spine fixation using pedicle screw instrumentation. It provides details on the anatomy of the posterior spine elements and pedicles. Pedicle screw fixation provides a rigid construct that can increase fusion rates and reduce pain. Precise screw placement is important to avoid neurological or vascular injury. Proper preoperative planning and technique are essential to achieve a stable construct and reduce complications.
New trend in the managment of lumbar canal stenosis nilesProf. Rehab Yousef
2018-04-18 المؤتمر العلمي الثاني للمعهد القومي لعلوم المسنين جامعة بني سويف بعنوان" التحديات والمستجدات العالمية في رعاية المسنين"
http://www.bsu.edu.eg/ShowConfDetails.aspx?conf_id=217
The document discusses the history, indications, anatomy, and techniques of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). It describes how PLIF and TLIF were developed over time to improve fusion rates. Common indications for PLIF and TLIF include degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, instability, and spondylolisthesis. Details are provided on the anatomy of the lumbar spine and techniques for performing PLIF and TLIF, including patient positioning, pedicle screw insertion, interbody cage placement, and rod fixation.
Lumbar Microdiscectomy Surgery | Lower Back SurgeryIndiacarez
Micro Lumbar Discectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part of a problem disc in the low back. Call us at +91-9899993637 for a Free No Obligation Opinion for Micro Lumbar Discectomy Spine Surgery from Top Doctors in India
This document discusses vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty techniques. It describes:
1. Vertebroplasty involves injecting bone cement like PMMA into a vertebral body to treat osteoporotic fractures, while kyphoplasty also involves cavity creation before injection.
2. The document outlines the procedure for vertebroplasty, including patient selection, anesthesia, needle placement using fluoroscopy guidance, cement mixing and injection, and monitoring for complications like leakage.
3. Key aspects of the procedure discussed are pedicle definition, approaches like transpedicular, cement properties, and ensuring the needle and cement stay within the vertebral body to avoid issues. Safety and complications are emphasized throughout.
1. Fractures of the femoral neck commonly occur in elderly patients with osteoporosis due to low-energy falls and can lead to complications like non-union and avascular necrosis if not treated properly.
2. Treatment depends on the patient's age, fracture pattern, and degree of displacement, ranging from closed reduction and internal fixation with screws to hip replacement surgery.
3. Post-operative complications include implant failure, non-union, avascular necrosis, and dislocation, so careful patient selection and surgical technique are important.
This document discusses the surgical approach for intercondylar/supracondylar humerus fractures using a chevron osteotomy. It describes the posterior surgical approach as being safer and providing better visualization of the articular surface compared to anterior approaches. The key steps of the posterior approach are outlined, including a midline skin incision, raising subcutaneous flaps, isolating the ulnar nerve, preparing the osteotomy site with saw and chisel, performing the chevron-shaped osteotomy, reducing and fixing the joint fragments, and coupling the fragments to the metaphysis. Complications of the procedure are also listed.
Ultrasound Guided Injectional Treatment of Scar Tissue, Bone Spurs, and NeuromasMegan Hughes
This document summarizes an ultrasound-guided injection treatment presentation given by Dr. John C. Hughes. It discusses using ultrasound to guide injections for scar tissue, bone spurs, neuromas, and intervertebral discs. Ultrasound provides benefits like visualization, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. Injections involve identifying pathology and injecting agents to promote healing while ultrasound monitors effects. Studies show ultrasound-guided ozone injections for discs improved outcomes for 79.7% of patients with herniations. While expertise is required, imperfect injections may still provide benefits.
This document summarizes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) implications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It discusses CSF anatomy, physiology, clinical significance of CSF leaks, etiology and management of CSF leaks seen in oral and maxillofacial surgery. CSF is formed in the choroid plexus and circulates through ventricles in the brain before being absorbed. CSF leaks can occur due to trauma, surgery or spontaneously. Evaluation involves clinical examination, imaging and laboratory tests. Management includes conservative medical treatment or surgical repair depending on the severity and persistence of the leak. Surgical techniques include lumbar drains, intracranial or extracranial repairs, and endoscopic approaches.
This document discusses the anatomical structures located within the superior orbital fissure and orbital apex. It identifies nine morphological types of the superior orbital fissure based on an anatomical study of 100 orbits. The types were categorized into two main groups: type a, characterized by a clear narrowing within the fissure, and type b, which lacked such narrowing. Measurements showed type a fissures were significantly longer than type b. The position of neural and vascular structures, such as the superior ophthalmic vein, varied depending on the morphological type of the superior orbital fissure. Type a fissures more commonly contained the vein in the typical superior lateral position, while in type b it often occupied the lowest part
1. A herniated disc occurs when the soft central portion of an intervertebral disc bulges out beyond the damaged outer rings, most commonly in the lumbar region of the spine.
2. Symptoms vary depending on location but often include back pain radiating into the legs as well as sensory changes and weakness.
3. Treatment options include medications, physical therapy, epidural steroid injections, and surgery if conservative measures fail or neurological deficits are present.
This document provides an overview of spinal anatomy and common spinal conditions presented by Dr. Tarek ElHewala. It describes the basic anatomy of the spine and discusses lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and lumbar spondylolisthesis. For each condition, it outlines symptoms, diagnostic imaging, non-surgical and surgical treatment options. Diagrams and radiological images are provided to illustrate spinal anatomy and various pathologies. The document serves as an educational guide on orthopaedic conditions of the spine.
This document discusses degenerative disc disease, which is a common cause of back and nerve pain. It begins by explaining the importance of correlating imaging findings with clinical symptoms to determine the appropriate treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging is often the preferred method for evaluating lumbar disc disease. The document then describes the normal anatomy of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar discs. It identifies the C5-C6, C6-C7, L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels as being most commonly affected. The remainder of the document discusses the pathophysiology and phases of disc degeneration, including changes that can be seen on imaging studies.
Trunnionosis refers to wear and corrosion at the modular junction between the femoral head and stem. It has increased in recent years due to factors like larger head sizes, mixed metal couplings, and more flexible neck designs. It can lead to adverse local tissue reactions, osteolysis, pain, and in severe cases, implant loosening. Diagnosis involves clinical suspicion, blood metal ion levels, imaging, and sometimes revision surgery to address trunnion damage and remove necrotic tissue. Surgeons can minimize risk by implant material choices, head sizing, and careful assembly technique.
MSK Ultrasound Imaging for Prolozone ApplicationsMegan Hughes
MSK Ultrasound Visualization for Tendonitis, Ligament Laxity, Bone Spurs, Trigger Points showing Cellular Anatomy for Bone Spur and Fibrosis. Injectional Treatment of Bone Spur and Tendon/Ligament Fibrosis with Ultrasound Guidance and Ultrasound Imaging and Guided Injection of Intevertebral Discs.
1) There are 33 vertebrae in the spine, but due to fusion only 26 are functional. The vertebrae are divided into 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae.
2) Degenerative disc disease is the most common cause of lower back pain. It involves the gradual drying out and loss of the intervertebral disc's ability to function as a shock absorber. This transfer of stress can lead to further degeneration of surrounding structures like facet joints.
3) Stages of disc degeneration include disc bulge, annular tears, and disc herniation which can be protruded, extruded, or sequestrated as it progresses. Identification of the specific
1) Lumbar interbody fusion is a spinal surgery technique that aims to eliminate painful segmental motion by forming a bony bridge between vertebrae. It involves removing the disc and placing a bone graft and/or interbody device to maintain alignment and disc height.
2) There are several approaches for lumbar interbody fusion, including anterior (ALIF, LLIF, OLIF), posterior (PLIF, TLIF), and transforaminal. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages in terms of access, fusion rates, and potential complications.
3) Anterior approaches provide a large surface area for fusion but require abdominal incisions, while posterior approaches allow indirect decompression but have a limited surgical
Dr. Donald Corenman, M.D., D.C. (http://neckandback.com 970-479-5895) is a spine surgeon who specializes in the anatomy of the spine. He treats chronic back pain and all conditions associated with the neck, back and spine including arthritis of the spine, slipped disc, degenerative disc disease, degenerative Spondylolysthesis, spinal stenosis, sciatica and scoliosis. He is in private practice at the Steadman Clinic, Spine Institute, in Vail, CO.
This presentation was created to help patients, students and physicians gain insight into understanding disorders of the spine, as well as provide a broader understanding relating to the anatomy of the spine. The presentation details the causes of chronic back pain and describes specific causes as they relate to spinal disorders.
Ligament stress, strain on the back, annular and disc tears, degenerative changes and aging can lead to chronic back pain. Understanding disorders of the spine and how they are caused will help provide the right treatment option for individual patients.
Dr. Corenman is a Colorado spine expert and talented lecturer and researcher. He has written countless medical articles on spine injuries, spine conditions and the surgical options that are available today. He recently launched his own website (http://neckandback.com) to educate patients on spine disorders and to offer second opinions to physicians and colleagues who are seeking additional information on specific spine injuries and treatment options.
A herniated disc most often occurs in the lumbar region (low back). This is because the lumbar spine carries most of the body's weight. Sometimes the herniation can press on a nerve, causing pain that spreads or radiates to other parts of the body.
1) Subtrochanteric Fracture
Subtrochanteric typically defined as area from lesser trochanter to 5cm distal fractures with an associated intertrochanteric component may be called peritrochanteric fracture.
*Unique Aspect
Blood loss is greater than with femoral neck or trochanteric fractures – covered with anastomosing branches of the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries branch of profunda femoris trunk.
2) Femoral Shaft Fracture
Femoral shaft fracture is defined as a fracture of the diaphysis occurring between 5 cm distal to the lesser trochanter and 5 cm proximal to the adductor tubercle
The femoral shaft is padded with large muscles.
- reduction can be difficult as muscle contraction displaces the fracture
- healing potential is improved by having this well-vascularized
*Age
-usually a fracture of young adults and results from a high energy injury
-elderly patients should be considered ‘pathological’ until proved otherwise
-children under 4 years the suspected possibility of physical abuse
*FRACTURES ASSOCIATED WITH VASCULAR INJURY
Warning signs of an associated vascular injury are
(1) excessive bleeding or haematoma formation; and
(2) paraesthesia, pallor or pulselessness in the leg and foot.
~Warm ischemia in 2-3H
~If > 6H – salvage not possible
*‘FLOATING KNEE’
Ipsilateral fractures of the femur and tibia may leave the knee joint ‘floating’
3) Distal Femoral Fracture
Defined as fractures from articular surface to 5cm above metaphyseal flare
*clinical feature
The knee is swollen because of a haemarthrosis – this can be severe enough to cause blistering later
Movement is too painful to be attempted
The tibial pulses should always be checked to ensure the popliteal artery was not injured in the fracture.
Reference: Apley's System of Orthopaedic and Fracture (9th edition)
The document discusses posterior spine fixation using pedicle screw instrumentation. It provides details on the anatomy of the posterior spine elements and pedicles. Pedicle screw fixation provides a rigid construct that can increase fusion rates and reduce pain. Precise screw placement is important to avoid neurological or vascular injury. Proper preoperative planning and technique are essential to achieve a stable construct and reduce complications.
New trend in the managment of lumbar canal stenosis nilesProf. Rehab Yousef
2018-04-18 المؤتمر العلمي الثاني للمعهد القومي لعلوم المسنين جامعة بني سويف بعنوان" التحديات والمستجدات العالمية في رعاية المسنين"
http://www.bsu.edu.eg/ShowConfDetails.aspx?conf_id=217
The document discusses the history, indications, anatomy, and techniques of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). It describes how PLIF and TLIF were developed over time to improve fusion rates. Common indications for PLIF and TLIF include degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, instability, and spondylolisthesis. Details are provided on the anatomy of the lumbar spine and techniques for performing PLIF and TLIF, including patient positioning, pedicle screw insertion, interbody cage placement, and rod fixation.
Lumbar Microdiscectomy Surgery | Lower Back SurgeryIndiacarez
Micro Lumbar Discectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part of a problem disc in the low back. Call us at +91-9899993637 for a Free No Obligation Opinion for Micro Lumbar Discectomy Spine Surgery from Top Doctors in India
This document discusses vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty techniques. It describes:
1. Vertebroplasty involves injecting bone cement like PMMA into a vertebral body to treat osteoporotic fractures, while kyphoplasty also involves cavity creation before injection.
2. The document outlines the procedure for vertebroplasty, including patient selection, anesthesia, needle placement using fluoroscopy guidance, cement mixing and injection, and monitoring for complications like leakage.
3. Key aspects of the procedure discussed are pedicle definition, approaches like transpedicular, cement properties, and ensuring the needle and cement stay within the vertebral body to avoid issues. Safety and complications are emphasized throughout.
1. Fractures of the femoral neck commonly occur in elderly patients with osteoporosis due to low-energy falls and can lead to complications like non-union and avascular necrosis if not treated properly.
2. Treatment depends on the patient's age, fracture pattern, and degree of displacement, ranging from closed reduction and internal fixation with screws to hip replacement surgery.
3. Post-operative complications include implant failure, non-union, avascular necrosis, and dislocation, so careful patient selection and surgical technique are important.
This document discusses the surgical approach for intercondylar/supracondylar humerus fractures using a chevron osteotomy. It describes the posterior surgical approach as being safer and providing better visualization of the articular surface compared to anterior approaches. The key steps of the posterior approach are outlined, including a midline skin incision, raising subcutaneous flaps, isolating the ulnar nerve, preparing the osteotomy site with saw and chisel, performing the chevron-shaped osteotomy, reducing and fixing the joint fragments, and coupling the fragments to the metaphysis. Complications of the procedure are also listed.
Ultrasound Guided Injectional Treatment of Scar Tissue, Bone Spurs, and NeuromasMegan Hughes
This document summarizes an ultrasound-guided injection treatment presentation given by Dr. John C. Hughes. It discusses using ultrasound to guide injections for scar tissue, bone spurs, neuromas, and intervertebral discs. Ultrasound provides benefits like visualization, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. Injections involve identifying pathology and injecting agents to promote healing while ultrasound monitors effects. Studies show ultrasound-guided ozone injections for discs improved outcomes for 79.7% of patients with herniations. While expertise is required, imperfect injections may still provide benefits.
This document summarizes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) implications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It discusses CSF anatomy, physiology, clinical significance of CSF leaks, etiology and management of CSF leaks seen in oral and maxillofacial surgery. CSF is formed in the choroid plexus and circulates through ventricles in the brain before being absorbed. CSF leaks can occur due to trauma, surgery or spontaneously. Evaluation involves clinical examination, imaging and laboratory tests. Management includes conservative medical treatment or surgical repair depending on the severity and persistence of the leak. Surgical techniques include lumbar drains, intracranial or extracranial repairs, and endoscopic approaches.
This document discusses the anatomical structures located within the superior orbital fissure and orbital apex. It identifies nine morphological types of the superior orbital fissure based on an anatomical study of 100 orbits. The types were categorized into two main groups: type a, characterized by a clear narrowing within the fissure, and type b, which lacked such narrowing. Measurements showed type a fissures were significantly longer than type b. The position of neural and vascular structures, such as the superior ophthalmic vein, varied depending on the morphological type of the superior orbital fissure. Type a fissures more commonly contained the vein in the typical superior lateral position, while in type b it often occupied the lowest part
This document summarizes different types of malignant neoplasms that can occur in the nasal cavity. It discusses squamous cell carcinoma, the most common type arising from the vestibule, septum, or lateral wall. Adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma arise from nasal cavity glands. Malignant melanoma usually presents as a slaty-gray polyp and spreads via blood and lymph nodes. Olfactory neuroblastoma appears as a cherry red polyp and can metastasize to lymph nodes. Rare tumors include haemangiopericytoma, plasmacytoma, sarcomas like osteogenic sarcoma and chondrosarcoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
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This case report describes a patient who developed olfactory neuroblastoma 8 years after receiving radiation therapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy. The patient underwent surgery followed by reduced-dose radiation therapy and chemotherapy due to his previous radiation exposure. Despite this, he tolerated treatment well without excessive toxicity. Now 12 years later, the patient remains in remission without evidence of recurrence. A review of the literature found 4 other cases of radiation-induced olfactory neuroblastoma, suggesting prior radiation therapy is a risk factor. Outcomes of radiation-induced disease appear generally poorer but are highly variable.
As head of Sinus and Allergy Center in Marianna, Florida, Angelo Consiglio, MD, treats a variety of surgical and nonsurgical conditions. Dr. Angelo Consiglio draws on extensive experience in the treatment of chronic sinusitis.
Choanal atresia is a congenital disorder where the posterior nasal openings (choanae) that connect the nasal cavities to the nasopharynx are blocked, usually by abnormal bony or soft tissue. This can be unilateral or bilateral. Bilateral choanal atresia causes immediate respiratory distress in newborns and can be life-threatening without intervention. Diagnosis involves imaging like CT scans and diagnostic procedures to evaluate the nasal passages. Surgical correction typically involves either a transnasal or transpalatal approach to reopen the nasal passages, with stents sometimes needed to prevent restenosis.
The Cosmetic Outcome Of External Dacryocystorhinostomy Scar And Factors Affec...Dr. Jagannath Boramani
Presented by- Dr. Saurabh Dhewale, Co-authors- Dr. Ajit Khune, Dr. Dhiraj Balwir ( Disclosure: Author has no financial interest ) Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Nashik.
The document describes the case of a newborn male patient presenting with breathing difficulty and cyanotic spells since birth due to bilateral choanal atresia. Initial management involved securing the airway with a Guedel's airway. A CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral bony choanal atresia. The patient underwent transnasal endoscopic surgery to repair the atresia. Post-operative care involved nasal stenting and antibiotics. At follow-up the patient's condition had improved.
This document discusses the anatomy of the orbit and skull base. It describes the layers of the orbital fascia including the periorbita, bulbar fascia, and its components. It details the anatomy of the superior orbital fissure and how it relates to the anterior lateral sellar compartment and orbital apex. Different types of optic nerve configurations are shown along with examples of pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process and sphenoid sinus. Clinical implications for endoscopic skull base surgery are discussed.
Csf circulation and low csf pressure headachesSachin Adukia
This document discusses CSF circulation and low pressure headaches. It begins by describing the anatomy of the ventricular system and subarachnoid space. CSF is produced in the choroid plexus and circulates through the ventricles and subarachnoid space before being reabsorbed. Low CSF pressure headaches can be caused by CSF leaks or hypovolemia. Symptoms include orthostatic or exertional headaches. MRI may show subdural fluid collections, pachymeningeal enhancement, venous engorgement, and sagging of posterior structures. Diagnosis is based on low CSF pressure on lumbar puncture with headaches related to the low pressure. Treatment options include conservative measures, medications, patches, fibrin
Tumors & tumor like conditions of nasal cavityDr Durga Gahlot
This document provides information on the classification, histology, and clinical features of various tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It begins by describing the normal anatomy and histology of the nasal cavity. It then classifies benign and malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses into epithelial, neuroectodermal, and mesenchymal categories. Specific tumor types are further described in terms of their epidemiology, clinical presentation, gross and microscopic appearance, immunoprofile, and prognosis. These include schneiderian papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, hemangiomas, angiofibroma, and olfactory neuroblastoma
Traumatic optic neuropathy occurs when the optic nerve is injured from blunt force trauma anywhere along its path. While high-dose steroids and optic canal decompression surgery have been used as treatments, the evidence for their efficacy is limited. For non-transected injuries, observation is typically recommended, as primary damage to the optic nerve fibers is often permanent. Effective treatment options are extremely limited, and patients should be informed of the uncertainties regarding any proposed interventions.
1. The document discusses anatomical relationships between the ear, nose, and throat structures and the eye. It describes the bones that make up the orbit and pathways for spread of infection.
2. Chandler's classification of orbital inflammation and pathways of spread from paranasal sinuses to the orbit are outlined. Complications can include orbital cellulitis, abscess, and cavernous sinus thrombosis.
3. Imaging findings of various orbital and sinus conditions are shown, including mucoceles, fungal infections, tumors, and fractures. Infections and tumors can invade the orbit from neighboring sinus cavities.
1. Benign and malignant neoplasms can occur in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Common benign neoplasms include osteomas, fibrous dysplasias, inverted papillomas, and hemangiomas. Common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas of the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity.
2. Presenting symptoms vary depending on the location and extent of the tumor but may include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, facial pain or swelling. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, imaging like CT scans, and biopsy.
3. Treatment involves surgical excision and may also include radiation therapy or chemotherapy, especially for malignant tumors. Surgical approaches depend on the size and location of the tumor
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is defined as inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses characterized by two or more symptoms for at least 12 weeks, one of which must be either nasal blockage/congestion or nasal discharge. CRS subtypes include CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Diagnosis involves symptom assessment, nasal endoscopy, and sometimes CT scans or allergy testing. Risk factors include allergy, asthma, aspirin sensitivity, smoking and genetic factors. Treatment involves nasal saline irrigation, corticosteroids and surgery.
The document describes the anatomy of the cranial base and nasal cavities, and endoscopic endonasal removal of pituitary tumors. The cranial base forms the floor of the cranial cavity and contains five bones. It is divided into three cranial fossae that accommodate different parts of the brain. The nasal cavities contain the nasal septum and lateral walls formed by bones and cartilage. Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a minimally invasive approach to remove pituitary tumors through the nostrils without external incisions.
Choanal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly involving failure of the nasal cavity to communicate with the nasopharynx due to abnormal persistence of mesoderm during embryonic development. It occurs in approximately 1 in 5,000-7,000 live births and is more common in females. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, respiratory distress, and feeding difficulties. Diagnosis involves physical examination, radiography, and CT imaging. Management depends on severity, ranging from intubation or tracheostomy for bilateral cases to surgical repair via transnasal or transpalatal approaches for unilateral cases.
Cerebrospinal fluid and intracranial pressureMuhammad Saim
The cerebrospinal fluid is formed in the ventricles and circulates through the brain and spinal cord, acting as a cushion and regulating intracranial pressure. An increase in CSF volume or obstruction of flow can lead to hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure. The Monro-Kellie hypothesis states that the skull has a fixed volume, so an increase in one component like CSF must be offset by a decrease in blood or brain volume to avoid a rise in pressure. Symptoms of increased intracranial pressure include headache, nausea, blurred vision, and altered mental status.
A herniated disc occurs when the outer layer of an intervertebral disc tears, allowing the gel-like inner nucleus pulposus to bulge out. This can press on nerves and cause pain. While most herniated discs heal on their own, surgery may be recommended if conservative treatments like medication and physical therapy do not provide relief. Common surgical procedures to treat a herniated disc include endoscopic spine surgery, discectomy to remove the bulging disc material, and laminectomy to remove part of the vertebrae pressing on nerves. Recovery from herniated disc surgery typically involves avoiding strenuous activities for 4 weeks to prevent re-injury while allowing time to heal.
Dr. Dheeraj Bojwani is a medical consultant who assists patients in receiving spine surgeries in India. Spine surgeries are generally only considered after non-surgical treatments have failed to provide relief over 6-12 months for conditions like spinal stenosis, sciatica, spondylolisthesis or degenerative scoliosis. Common spine surgeries include discectomy, foraminotomy, spine fusion, and spinal disc replacement. India offers high quality spine surgeries at world-class hospitals for costs that are 40-70% lower than procedures in countries like the US or UK. Medical tourists are able to combine their surgical treatment and recovery with vacation time in India's various cities and
Microsurgery is surgery performed under an operating microscope that allows surgeons to reconnect small blood vessels, nerves, and tissues less than 1 mm in diameter. It is used in free tissue transfer to move composite tissues from one part of the body to another for reconstruction, in replantation to reattach severed body parts by restoring blood flow and connecting tissues, and in transplantation research. Microsurgery techniques are also used to treat infertility and perform lumbar discectomies to remove herniated discs through small incisions. Kharghar Medicity Multispecialty Hospital in Navi Mumbai offers microsurgery and other super specialty services along with 24/7 emergency care.
Spine Disc Surgeries - Discectomy and DecompressionYashodaHospitals
The document discusses various spinal decompression procedures including diskectomy, laminectomy, and foraminotomy. Diskectomy involves removing a portion of a herniated disc to relieve nerve compression. Laminectomy and laminotomy remove part of the lamina bone to widen the spinal canal to relieve pressure on nerves. Foraminotomy enlarges the openings where nerves exit the spine. These procedures provide relief from pain caused by damaged vertebrae or discs pressing on spinal nerves.
Laminectomy is a surgical procedure that removes the lamina - the back part of a vertebra that covers your spinal canal. Read the article to know more about the procedure.
This document discusses traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the neurosurgical response at the Cushing Neuroscience Institute. It describes that TBI affects up to 2% of the population annually and requires specialized care. It outlines the process for evaluating and classifying TBI severity (mild, moderate, severe) upon patient arrival based on Glasgow Coma Scale. For moderate and severe TBI, surgical intervention may be needed and is determined by factors like brain swelling/bleeding seen on CT scan. The neurosurgery team is available 24/7 to treat TBI emergencies.
The document discusses cervical and lumbar disc herniation. It describes how cervical disc herniation typically occurs between the C5-C7 vertebrae and can cause neck and upper body pain. Medical management includes bed rest, cervical collars, traction and medications. Surgery may be required for significant issues. Lumbar disc herniation causes low back and leg pain. Medical management also focuses on bed rest, medications and heat. Surgery options include discectomy and newer minimally invasive techniques.
Spinal stabilization involves surgical procedures to treat acute spinal injuries and conditions by restoring vertebral alignment and removing bone fragments. The degree of stabilization depends on the severity of the problem. Surgery involves inserting instruments like screws and plates in the back to stabilize the spine and facilitate fusion after decompression. Minimally invasive procedures perform stabilization through small incisions without damaging muscles. Recovery takes around six months with limited activity and physical therapy starting in the first week.
Minimally invasive techniques (MIT) are increasingly used to treat lumbar disc disease. They offer advantages over open surgery such as smaller incisions, less tissue damage, shorter recovery times, and lower risks. MITs include discography, epidural injections, facet/nerve blocks, nucleoplasty, kyphoplasty, tumor debulking, and interspinous spacers. They aim to diagnose and treat back pain conditions under local anesthesia or mild sedation using fluoroscopy guidance. MITs are generally low risk and allow many patients to be treated as outpatients or with only overnight hospitalization.
Total hip replacement involves replacing damaged bone and cartilage in the hip joint with prosthetic components. The procedure involves removing the femoral head and reaming the acetabulum to fit a metal shell. A femoral stem is inserted into the reamed femoral canal and a replacement femoral head is attached. The completed hip replacement provides a new weight-bearing surface for the joint. Post-operative care includes antibiotics, anticoagulants, pain medications, and exercises to restore mobility and prevent complications like blood clots.
This document provides an overview of back pain and recent advances in back pain treatment presented by Dr. Manish Raj. It discusses the anatomy of the spine, common causes of low back pain like strains and disc issues, risk factors, and prevention through exercise and posture. Treatment options covered include minimally invasive procedures like disc decompression, vertebroplasty, and spinal cord stimulation as well as open surgeries. The document aims to educate about back pain causes, prevention, and recent non-surgical and surgical treatment advances.
This document discusses the treatment of acetabular fractures. The goal of treatment is anatomic restoration of the articular surface to prevent posttraumatic arthritis. Initial management involves skeletal traction to allow soft tissue healing and maintenance of reduction. Non-operative treatment is indicated for minimally displaced fractures, while operative treatment is used for unstable or incongruous fractures. Surgical approaches include the Kocher-Langenbeck approach for posterior fractures and the ilioinguinal approach for anterior fractures. Proper evaluation of the fracture pattern is important for selecting the best treatment approach.
The document provides information on the treatment of acetabular fractures. It discusses the goals of treatment as anatomic restoration to prevent posttraumatic arthritis. Initial management involves skeletal traction to allow soft tissue healing and maintenance of limb length and reduction. Non-operative treatment is indicated for minimally displaced fractures that maintain head congruency. Operative treatment is needed for unstable or incongruous fractures. Surgical approaches discussed include the Kocher-Langenbeck and ilioinguinal approaches.
The document discusses several aspects of the shoulder joint, including soft tissues like ligaments and tendons, bones like the humerus and scapula, and cartilage structures like the labrum. It describes the locations and functions of key structures like the rotator cuff muscles, biceps tendon, coracoacromial ligament, and bursa that work together to allow movement and stability in the shoulder joint.
The document describes two common outpatient procedures to treat cubital tunnel syndrome: cubical tunnel release and ulnar nerve transposition at the elbow. Both procedures are performed under general or regional anesthesia. Cubical tunnel release involves making an incision along the inner elbow to access the cubical tunnel and relieve compression of the ulnar nerve by opening the roof of the tunnel. Ulnar nerve transposition reroutes the ulnar nerve from behind to in front of the medial epicondyle to prevent compression. After either procedure, the incision is closed with sutures and the arm is splinted and bandaged. The patient can return home the same day and may undergo physical therapy.
The document discusses spinal canal stenosis, including:
1. It describes spinal canal stenosis as the narrowing of the spinal canal and compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots, most commonly occurring in the lumbar vertebrae.
2. Symptoms include back pain radiating into the legs, numbness, and weakness that is relieved by bending forward and made worse by standing upright or walking.
3. Treatment options range from non-surgical approaches like medication, physical therapy, and epidural injections for mild-to-moderate cases to surgical decompression like laminectomy or the X-STOP implant for more severe cases.
A herniated disk occurs when the inner nucleus pulposus protrudes through damage to the outer annulus fibrosus. Common symptoms include low back pain radiating into the leg. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging like MRI, and sometimes electromyography. Treatment options include medications, physical therapy, spinal manipulation, injections, and possibly surgery if conservative options fail. Prevention focuses on education, proper lifting technique, exercise to strengthen the back, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Kosmoderma Academy, a leading institution in the field of dermatology and aesthetics, offers comprehensive courses in cosmetology and trichology. Our specialized courses on PRP (Hair), DR+Growth Factor, GFC, and Qr678 are designed to equip practitioners with advanced skills and knowledge to excel in hair restoration and growth treatments.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
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Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
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DECLARATION OF HELSINKI - History and principlesanaghabharat01
This SlideShare presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Declaration of Helsinki, a foundational document outlining ethical guidelines for conducting medical research involving human subjects.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Brain and spine care
1.
2. (http://www.armancare.com/brain_spine_care.html)
Brain surgeries
Microsurgery for Brain Tumors
Endoscopic Brain Surgery
Trans Nasal Endoscopic Brain Tumor Removal
Skull Base Surgery
Brain Trauma Surgery
Congenital Cranial Deformity
Stereotactic Brain Surgery for Tumor and Functional
Neurosurgery
3. Craniofacial Surgery with FMS (Facio-Maxillary Surgery)
Brain Surgery for Abnormal Blood Vessels, epilepsy,
removal of blood clots
Interventional/ Neuro-endovascular Therapy for Cerebro-
vascular Diseases and Tumor
Spinal surgeries
Spinal Decompression – microdiscectomy and
laminectomy
Endoscopic spinal fusion
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
4. Total disc replacement surgery
Spine Tumor Surgery
Spine Trauma
Vertebroplasty
Kyphoplasty
Spondylolisthesis
Spinal Decompression
Two general types of lumbar spine surgery comprise the
most common surgical procedures for the lower back:
Decompression and Spinal fusion
5. • Decompression surgery involves removing a small portion
of the bone over the nerve root and/or disc material from under
the nerve root to relieve pinching of the nerve and provide more
room for the nerve to heal
(a MICRODISCECTOMY or LAMINECTOMY)
• Lumbar spinal fusion involves using a bone graft to stop
the motion at a painful vertebral segment, which in turn should
decrease pain generated from the joint. Spine surgery
instrumentation (medical devices), bone graft procedures, and the
bone stimulator are sometimes used along with spinal fusion
surgery.
6. Lumbar Decompression Surgery
Decompression is a surgical procedure that is performed
to alleviate pain caused by pinched nerves (neural impingement).
During a lumbar decompression back surgery, a small portion of
the bone over the nerve root and/or disc material from under the
nerve root is removed to give the nerve root more space and
provide a better healing environment.
There are two common types of spine surgery decompression
procedures: MICRODISCECTOMY (or MICRODECOMPRESSION) or
a LUMBAR LAMINECTOMY (OPEN DECOMPRESSION).
7. Several conditions may cause neural impingement and necessitate
these surgeries, including spinal stenosis, a herniated disc, isthmic
or degenerative spondylolisthesis, or a spinal tumor (rarely).
How decompression surgery is performed
With modern spine surgery techniques, both a
microdiscecto my and laminectomy can usually be done with a
minimum amount of morbidity (e.g. post-operative discomfort)
and a high degree of success in alleviating lower back pain and/or
leg pain.
Sometimes in addition to the decompression procedure, a spine
fusion surgery is also necessary in order to achieve adequate
decompression of a nerve root. This is especially true if the nerve
root is compressed as it leaves the spine (in the foramen), known
as foraminal stenosis.
8. Foraminal stenosis is difficult to decompress simply by removing
bone because if the bone is fully removed in the location of the
foramen it is generally necessary to also remove the facet joint.
Removing the facet joint leads to instability, so a spinal fusion is
necessary to provide stability.
The foramen can be opened either through an anterior approach
(by "jacking" open the disc space in the front of the spine) or by
distracting between two pedicle screws inserted posteriorly
(through the back of the spine). After the foramen is opened up, a
spine fusion is also done to keep it open so the instrumentation
does not fail and the stenosis does not return later.
As an alternative to spinal fusion, interspinous process spacers may
be implanted to open the central canal and foramen, and address
motion restrictions and pain from spinal stenosis.
9. Microdiscectomy (microdecompression) spine surgery
In a microdiscectomy or microdecompression spine
surgery, a small portion of the bone over the nerve root and/or
disc material from under the nerve root is removed to relieve
neural impingement and provide more room for the nerve to heal.
A microdiscectomy is typically performed for a herniated lumbar
disc and is actually more effective for treating leg pain (also known
as radiculopathy) than lower back pain.
Impingement on the nerve root (compression) can cause
substantial leg pain. While it may take weeks or months for the
nerve root to fully heal and any numbness or weakness to get
better, patients normally feel relief from leg pain almost
immediately after a microdiscecto my spine surgery.
10. How microdiscectomy is performed
A microdiscectomy is performed through a small (1 inch
to 1 1/2 inch) incision in the midline of the low back.
• First, the back muscles (erector spinae) are lifted off the
bony arch (lamina) of the spine. Since these back muscles run
vertically, they can be moved out of the way rather than cut
• The surgeon is then able to enter the spine by removing a
membrane over the nerve roots (ligamentumflavum), and uses
either operating glasses (loupes) or an operating microscope to
visualize the nerve root.
• Often, a small portion of the inside facet joint is removed
both to facilitate access to the nerve root and to relieve pressure
over the nerve.
11. • The nerve root is then gently moved to the side and the
disc material is removed from under the nerve root.
Importantly, since almost all of the joints, ligaments and muscles
are left intact, a microdiscectomy does not change the mechanical
structure of the patient's lower spine (lumbar spine).
Indications for microdiscectomy surgery
In general, if a patient's leg pain due to a disc herniation is
going to get better, it will do so in about six to twelve weeks. As
long as the pain is tolerable and the patient can function
adequately, it is usually advisable to postpone back surgery for a
short period of time to see if the pain will resolve with non-surgical
treatment alone.
12. If the leg pain does not get better with nonsurgical treatments,
then a microdiscectomy surgery is a reasonable option to relieve
pressure on the nerve root and speed the healing. Immediate
spine surgery is only necessary in cases of bowel/bladder
incontinence (caudaequina syndrome) or progressive neurological
deficits. It may also be reasonable to consider back surgery acutely
if the leg pain is severe.
A microdiscectomy is typically recommended for patients who
have:
• Experienced leg pain for at least six weeks
• Not found sufficient pain relief with conservative
treatment (such as oral steroids, NSAID's, and physical therapy).
13. However, after three to six months, the results of the spine surgery
are not quite as favorable, so it is not generally advisable to
postpone microdiscectomy surgery for a prolonged period of time
(more than three to six months).
Lumbar laminectomy surgery for spinal stenosis (open
decompression)
A lumbar laminectomy is also known as an open
decompression and typically performed to alleviate pain caused by
neural impingement that can result from lumbar spinal stenosis.
A condition that primarily afflicts elderly patients, spinal stenosis is
caused by degenerative changes that result in enlargement of the
facet joints. The enlarged joints then place pressure on the nerves,
and this pressure may be effectively relieved with the
laminectomy.
14. The lumbar laminectomy is designed to remove a small portion of
the bone over the nerve root and/or disc material from under the
nerve root to give the nerve root more space and a better healing
environment
Laminectomy surgery
The lumbar laminectomy (open decompression) differs
from a microdiscectomy in that the incision is longer and there is
more muscle stripping.
• First, the back is approached through a two-inch to five-
inch long incision in the midline of the back, and the left and right
back muscles (erector spinae) are dissected off the lamina on both
sides and at multiple levels.
• After the spine is approached, the lamina is removed
(laminectomy), allowing visualization of the nerve roots.
15. • The facet joints, which are directly over the nerve roots,
may then be undercut (trimmed) to give the nerve roots more
room.
• Post laminectomy, patients are in the hospital for one to
three days, and the individual patient's mobilization (return to
normal activity) is largely dependent on his/her pre-operative
condition and age.
• Patients are encouraged to walk directly following a
laminectomy for lumbar stenosis. However, it is recommended
that patients avoid excessive bending, lifting or twisting for six
weeks after this stenosis surgery in order to avoid pulling on the
suture line before it heals.
16. What is medical tourism?
Medical tourism, also known as health tourism or health travel, is
a term that describes travelling to a foreign country for medical,
dental, or cosmetic treatment. It involves the benefit of cost
effective treatment, private medical care, in collaboration with the
tourism industry. The concept of medical tourism is fast growing in
India and people from different part of the world are choosing
India as their desired destination.
Why Choose India?
Medical tourism is a rapidly growing sector in India and millions of
medical tourists from all over the world have come here to
experience a world-class healthcare service.
In 2010, about 600,000 patients travelled to India from over 30
countries for treatment, including the USA, Canada, UK, Russia, the
Middle East and Africa.
17. According to a study by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
on healthcare, after software, the medical tourism industry is
poised to be the next big success story in India. It has predicted
that the industry will grow to earn additional revenue of $2.3
billion by 2012 and will soon account for a major share of the
country’s revenue.
There are several reasons behind this tremendous growth:
Patients come to India to get specialized treatments not available
in their home country. Indian hospitals excel in performing
complex cardiac surgeries, kidney transplants, bone marrow
transplants, orthopedic surgeries, infertility treatments amongst
their wide repertoire.
India provides world-class quality treatments at a fraction of the
priceof developed countries. The cost of medical treatment in
India is generally one tenth of western countries and among the
cheapest in Asia
18. India has state of the art medical institutes and hospitals of
international standards with highly qualified medical professionals.
These centers are backed by high quality equipment and
technology. This fusion of highly qualifiedstaff assisted by the latest
equipment gives India the edge over other countries.
With hospitals and clinics in every region including urban, semi-
urban, or rural parts of the country, India has ample choice in
terms of preferred destinations.
In countries such as Canada and the UK, patients almost always
have to wait weeks and sometimes months to avail of medical
treatments. In India the consultations with the doctors are prompt
and patients receive a turnaround to their treatment plan at a
quicker pace.
19. As English is a commonly spoken language in India, the patient will
be comfortable communicating with the doctors.
Medical tourists find that the cost of their treatment (including the
return airfare, holiday and accommodation) leaves them with a
total bill substantially less than they would have spent just on
having the procedure in the UK.
Why Arman
There are several concerns that flicker in the minds of the
foreigners who come for treatment to India, particularly for first
time fliers. The first among them is which hospital to choose for
their treatment.
India is flooded with hospitals, medical centers and hotels which
have their websites that attract the foreign patients.
20. This makes them even more confused and the complexity of
decision making becomes a challenging task.
We, at Arman can address all these concerns and issues by acting
as intermediary with hospitals, clinics, surgeons, hotels.
Arman is a healthcare facilitator that has painstakingly brought
together highly qualified professionals and hospitals of repute and
health care providers.
We take the responsibility of screening the hospitals by checking
their track record, accreditations, associations and have partnered
with the best internationally accredited hospitals in India.
Arman update and monitor our network of hospitals on a regular
basis and maintain a database on the hospital’s certifications, type
of facilities and other factors critical in choosing a medical center.
21. Arman also negotiate a lower price from the hospital which foreign
patients would not get by directly approaching the hospitals This
helps the patient to save a lot on the medical procedure costs
We provide assistance with logistics, documentations, permits and
other travel arrangements required for medical tourism.
Our coordinators are highly trained to foresee every need of the
patient and make the entire process hassle free from start to finish.
They help the patient plan his medical procedures before leaving
home, and schedules all his appointments, surgery, treatments
and plans for recuperation.
This in turn helps the patient to choose the hospital according to
his convenience and also get a clear picture of the cost of
treatment, accommodation beforehand that helps them to
arrange their finance.
22. We are aware that a lot of trust is put in our hands and ensure that
this trust is well placed by serving each patient individually with
care and comfort.
How We Work
Patient query received by the patient himself or his doctor/
hospital.
This query along with medical reports is forwarded to the
concerned hospitals to get expert opinions
After the hospitals respond, we create a package for the patient
which includes recommendation on the treatments, duration of
stay, and the costs involved.
The patient reviews the various options presented to him and
makes a decision based on budget and the line of treatment
recommended by the doctors. Occasionally, a patient may clarify
his concerns or questions he may have regarding the treatment
with the doctor by telephone.
23. In liaison with the patients, Arman representatives will make prior
bookings with the hospital, airlines, hotels.
Patient travels and checks into hospital to start the treatment. We
provide assistance through out your stay in the hospital which
include pre and post opeartive care.
Once fit and able to travel, the patient if wishes can enjoy the vast
tourist destinations within India before returning to their home
country fully rejuvenated. (at an additional
cost)(ebranding/mum/ts/19)
Arman Health Care Facilitators
OUR OFFICE IN INDIA
422, Bonanza, 'B' Wing,Sahar Plaza Complex, Next to Kohinoor
Hotel,
Andheri Kurla Road, Andheri East Mumbai India 4000059.
24. Contact: land line No: ( 022-28387433 )
Email :enquiry@armancare.com
OUR OFFICE IN CONGO
Arman Health care Facilitators,Gallery Saint-Pierre, 36 local
UtexAfrica Advanced ,AV 374 VolonelMondjiba,Kinshasa /
Ngaliema,DRC Mobile : +243998290384
OUR OFFICE IN KENYA
Arman Health Care Facilitators C/O Doctor Pharma Kenya Limited
Vision Tower, Muthithi Road,
Westlands, Nairobi,Kenya.Contact: Telefax:(+254)722330329
Email : doctorpharmamt@gmail.com
Web:- http://www.armancare.com/brain_spine_care.html
ebrandingindia_s21