Treatment and management of osteoarthritis focuses on relieving pain, restoring function, reducing disability, and rehabilitation. Diagnostic tools include x-rays, which are important for examining the affected joint, and synovial fluid analysis. Conservative treatment involves patient education, weight loss, physiotherapy including heat/cold therapy and exercises, and pharmacological measures. Surgical options include proximal tibial osteotomy to realign the knee joint, total knee replacement to replace arthritic surfaces with artificial components, arthrodesis for small joints, and arthroscopic debridement to temporarily treat osteoarthritis of the knee.