The document contains multiple case studies describing various medical conditions and requesting summaries of signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, management, and other relevant details. The cases include ascariasis, peptic ulcer disease, infective hepatitis, renal failure, cholera, hypertension, malaria, typhoid fever, sickle cell anemia, diarrhea, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, congestive cardiac failure, schistosomiasis, meningitis, cerebral malaria, placenta praevia, and epilepsy. For each case, the writer is asked to provide definitions, diagrams, discussions, and nursing care plans addressing the topics listed.

1. By Jones H.M-MBA
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

2. ASCARIASIS
 1.John Chabala from odi farm comes to Out Patient Department with complaints of
having had passed a worm upon thorough investigations a diagnosis of ascariasis is
made.
 Outline four(4) signs and symptoms of ascariasis (8%)
 Discuss the life cycle of this worm (30%)
 Discuss the medical management of john and list 4 drugs,action,side effects,nursing
implications of each of them that can treat this condition (20%)
 Discuss four(4) complications that are likely to occur (28%)
 Outline the health education you would give to john (14%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

3. PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
 2.Mr Cena an executive director for tobacco company is admitted to
your ward and provisional diagnosis of peptic ulcer is made
 Define peptic ulcer disease (5%)
 With the aid of a well labeled diagram of the gastro-intestinal tract
outline three(3) types of peptic ulcers (30%)
 Outline five(5) investigations that will be done to confirm the
diagnosis (15%)
 Using the nursing process,identify five(5) needs/problems that this
client is likely to present with and make a nursing care plan (50%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

4. INFECTIVE HEPATITIS
Telesa a 24year old first year student at mansa school of nursing has
admitted to a medical ward with jaundice and is suspected of having infective
hepatitis
 Define jaundice (3%)
 Explain the three(3) types of jaundice (12%)
 Outline the significance of five(5) investigations which may be ordered (15%)
 Discuss the management you would give to telesa till discharge (50%)
 Outline five(5) points you would include in your information, education and
communication to the community in order to prevent the spread of the disease
(20%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

5. RENAL FAILURE
.Miss lucky kateule, 40years old is an accountant at dowell enterprise.She is brought to a
medical ward with history of passing less than 500mls of urine per day for
2days.After investigations, a diagnosis of acute renal failure is made.
 Draw a well labeled diagram of the cross section of the kidney (12%)
 Outline the causes of acute renal failure under the following classifications giving
three(3) causes of each
 -pre renal
 -intra renal
 -post renal
 c)Describe the nursing and medical management of miss kateule during the acute
phase (50%)
 d)Explain four(4) complications of acute renal failure (20%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

6. CHOLERA
 5.Mr Chola a trader at kashikishi fishing camp is rushed to
kashikishi rural health center on a wheelbarrow, in a critical
condition.Upon thorough investigations the clical officer on duty
concludes its cholera
 Mention the causative organism of cholera (5%)
 Discuss the pathophysiology of cholera (20%)
 Outline the management of chola while at the centre (50%)
 Describe five(5) points that would be included in the health
education to chola (25%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

7. HYPERTENSION
 6.Chikuni Hatembo 50years old with four(4) children and principal at a
college is admitted to a medical ward with a provisional diagnosis of
secondary hypertension
 Briefly explain the pathogenesis of hypertension (15%)
 State five(5) signs and symptoms which Mr Hatembo is likely to present with
on admission (15%)
 Discuss in detail the nursing management of Mr Hatembo from admission
till discharge under the following headings:Room(5) , Position(2) ,Rest(5)
,Observations(5) ,Medication(5) ,Psychological care(5) ,Nutrition(5) ,
Hygiene(5) ,Exercise(5) ,Elimination(3) ,Advise(5)=(50%)
 State four(4) complications of hypertension (20%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

8. MALARIA
 Mr Jack a fisher man is admitted in a medical ward with a
diagnosis of malaria
 List five(5) signs and symptoms that Mr Chimba will present
with (10%)
 With the aid of a diagram, describe the life cycle of malaria
parasites in man(28%)
 Discuss the nursing management of Mr Chimba while in
hospital till discharge(50%)
 State four(4) complications of malaria (20%)
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

9. TYPHOID FEVER Mr Jack Kalala a farmer from Mbereshi is admitted to your ward with provision diagnosis
of typhoid fever
1) Mention 15 sign & symptoms (atleast 5 per stage) that Mr Kalala will progress through if
treatment is given 15%
2) State four investigations that may be carried out to confirm the diagnosis 16%
3) Enumerate the care that you are going to give to Mr Kalala whilst in hospital 49%
4) Outline five control measure that would be carried out to prevent the spread of the disease
in the community 20%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

10. SICKLE – CELL ANAEMIA
 Edward Simutende aged 12 years is brought to the OPD with complaits of heart palpitation,body
weakness,dizziness. The admitting medical officer suspect sickle cell anaemia
1) Define sickle cell anaemia 4%
2) Describe four crises that may occur in sickle cell disease 16%
3) State five signs & symptoms that may occur in sickle cell crises 10%
4) State medical management that you would give to Edward 15%
5) Identify (5) problems and using a nursing care plan demostrate how you are going to solve them 45%
6) Discuss five points that you are going to include in your I.E.C. to Edward and his family to reduce the
frequency of sickle cell crises 10%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

11. DIARRHOEA Albert Bwalya an eighteen(18) ,months old baby is admitted to
children’s ward with a diagnosis of diarrhoea. On assessment
Albert is found to have some dehydration.
a) Define the term diarrhoea. 5%
b) Explain how Albert will be assessed. 34%
c) Describe the treatment plan which will be used to treat Albert
within 24hours. 45%
d) Outline the prevention of dirrhoea in the
community(8points). 16%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

12. HIV -AIDS
 A four(4) year old Agness Lemba is admitted to children’s ward
with history of anorexia, fever and coughing. After investigations
Agness is found to have pneumonia and is HIV positive.
a) Differentiate between HIV and AIDS. 10%
b) State five(5) ways through which HIV infection can be transmitted.
20%
c) Describe the management of Agness during her period of
hospitalizatin. 50%
d) Outline five(50 preventive measures for HIV infection. 20%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

13. PNEUMONIA Mr Peddle Chileya a watch man at chilyapa market is admitted to male medical ward
because he has pneumonia
 Define pneumonia 5%
 List ten (10) signs & symptoms of pneumonia 10%
 Outline the medical treatment Mr Chileya will receive 10%
 Using nursing prosses identify five problem /needs that Mr Chileya will present with and
manage them using nursing care plan 50%
 Discuss five points you are going to include in your I.E.C to Mr Chileya on discharge 25%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

14. CONGESTIVE CARDIAC FAILURE
 Mrs Banda a known hypertensive patient is admitted to the female medical
ward with difficulties in breathing.After thorough investigation the
admitting medical officer makes a final diagnosis of congestive cardiac
failure(CCF)
1) What is congestive cardiac failure? 5%
2) Mention 10 possible causes of CCF 10%
3) State five signs & symptoms of CCF other those mentioned in the stem
question 15%
4) Describe the medical manage that would be given to Mrs Banda 15%
5) Outline the nursing management which Mrs Banda will receive till
discharge 55%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

15. SCHISTOSOMIASIS
 Mutiti aged 21,a resident of Kashikishi fishing swamp comes to the R.H.C with complaints of
haematuria.The clinical office on duty gives an impression of Schistosomiasis
1) Define schistosomiasis 5%
2) With the aid of the diagram describe the life cycle of schistosomiasis 30%
3) Mention 3 drugs used in treatment of schistosomiasis,indicate the dose,action,side effect
and nursing implication 15%
4) Discuss in details five measures that can be employed to prevent occurences of
schistosomiasis in such communities like one in the stem question 30%
5) State 4 complications of schistosomiasis 20%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

16. MENINGITIS Mr Chewe is brought to your ward persistant headache.After thorough investigation the Dr make a
final diagnosis of Meningococcal Meningitis
1) Define Meningitis 5%
2) List five causative agent of Meningitis 10%
3) State five symptoms & sign Mr Chewe will present with other than those mentioned above in the
question 15%
4) State the medical treatment that will be given to Mr Chewe 10%
5) Identify five problems that Mr Chewe will present with and use a nursing care plan show how you are
going to solve them 50%
6) Mention five possible comlication of Meningitis
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

17. CEREBRAL MALARIA
a) Mr Mutale Sanka aged 32 was rushed to the hospital
unconsciousness.Investigation reveal that he has cerebral
malaria.
i. Name 4 species that causes malaria 4%
ii. With the aid of a well labelled diagram describe the life cycle of
malaria parasite. 16%
b) State six other sign and symptom of cerebral malaria 12%
c) Describe the nursing management of Mr Sanka during the
first 72hrs 48%
d) Outline five 5 points you would include in your IEC before
Mr Sanka is discharged 20%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

18. PLACENTA PRAEVIA
 You are a midwife on duty when mrs mutale 35yrs old para 7 gravida
9 comes to your ward.she gives history of bleeding per vagina not sure of
the amount of loss but she had to change her under wear and put on extra
clothes. She is surprised because she is 8 months pregnant and there was no
pain. A quick confirms bleeding, which is bright, red in colour and suspect
placenta praevia.
I. Define placenta praevia 6%
II. With the aid of diagram describe the 4 types of placenta praevia 24%
III. Describe the management of mrs mutale in hospital 60%
IV. Describe 5 complication of placenta praevia 10%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

19. EPILEPSY
 Mr Zulu aged 45yrs , a locomotor driver is admitted to your medical
ward following episodes of convulsion.A provisional diagnosis of
grandmal epilepsy is made.
 Define Epilepsy 5%
 Explain the phases of Grandmal epileptic seizure 20%
 Describe the management you would give to Mr Zulu before, during, and
after a fit (seizure) 48%
 Outline five points you would include in your IEC to be given to Mr Zulu
and the family on discharge 25%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

20. WHOOPING COUGH
Melisa Kandela three(3) years old is admitted to children’s ward with a
diagnosis of whooping cough.
a) i) Give the other name of whooping cough. 2%.
ii) Name the organism that causes whooping cough. 5%.
b. Outline five(5)signs and symptoms which Melisa is likely to present
with on admission. 25%
c. Describe the management of Melisa from the time of her
hospitalization until discharge. 50%
d. State six(6)complications of whooping cough.18%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA

21. ANCYLOSTOMIASIS(HOOKWORM
INFECTION
 Cheta sopa a 15 year old girl comes to the hospital with pallor and weakness. Investigations
reveal that Sopa has ancylostomiasis.
a) I) Name two(2) species of ancylostoma which are parasitic in human intestinal tract. 4%
ii) With the aid of a well labelled diagram describe the life cycle of ancylostomiasis. 26%
b. Mention five(5) other clinical features which sopa is likely to present with. 20%
c. Mention three(3) drugs which may be prescribed for sopa to treat her condition under the
following headings:
i. Name of the drug.3%
ii. Route and dosage. 6%
iii. Contra indications and precautions. 9%
iv. Side effects. 6%
v. Nursing implications. 6%
9/15/2019 By Jones H.M-MBA