Indian criminal procedure code,Un natural death,How ro prepare inquest by a magistrate. ppt prepared by I James Joseph Adhikarathil- Mob 9447464502.mysandesham@gmail.com
Indian criminal procedure code,Un natural death,How ro prepare inquest by a magistrate. ppt prepared by I James Joseph Adhikarathil- Mob 9447464502.mysandesham@gmail.com
Forensic Medicine (Medico-legal Aspects of Physical Injuries)knip xin
This power point presentation is about Forensic Science that include topics about kinds of death, Medico-legal aspects of physical injuries, types of wounds, and medico-legal aspects of sex crimes.
Following is the detailed description of Dying Deposition and Dying Declaration being followed in Indian Legalities from a Medical students perspective. The presentation should prove to be helpful for educators and primarily for medical students for their understanding and academics.
References - Forensic Medicine And Toxicology (29th edition) By DR. K.S. Narayan Reddy
Forensic Medicine (Medico-legal Aspects of Physical Injuries)knip xin
This power point presentation is about Forensic Science that include topics about kinds of death, Medico-legal aspects of physical injuries, types of wounds, and medico-legal aspects of sex crimes.
Following is the detailed description of Dying Deposition and Dying Declaration being followed in Indian Legalities from a Medical students perspective. The presentation should prove to be helpful for educators and primarily for medical students for their understanding and academics.
References - Forensic Medicine And Toxicology (29th edition) By DR. K.S. Narayan Reddy
An introduction to Human Body : Medical Jurisprudence
for students of LL.B. Part III
wish you best of luck for your examinations.
need your prayers: shah Muhammad
IDENTIFICATION OF THE LIVING AND THE DEAD.pptBalinainejoseph
This is a part of forensic medicine that describes the indentification of the living and the dead
It explains both scientific and non scientific methods
Complete Notes on Companies Ordinance, Paper LL.B. Part II.
.....................All students are advised to download and Prepare yourself. Shah Muhammad Zarkoon.
University Law College Quetta.
Criminal Procedure Code 1898, { Arrest -Warrant and Mode of Production}ShahMuhammad55
Notes for students of LL.B. Part III, year 2016.
Particular hoping they will have brilliant marks after studying these notes.
Wish you all best of luck. SM ZarKOON.
Civil Procedure Code, 1908,
a Universal Doctrine, applied in civil proceedings.
Shah Muhammad
Lecturer,
University Law College Quetta Khojjak Road Quetta
Cantt
South Asian History {Purpose of Using Maps}ShahMuhammad55
Maps are using basically for two purposes. 1. determining trade routes and 2. cultural determination of a region.
Course: South Asian History. LL.B. Semester System 5 Year Course . Prepared by Prof. Shah Muhammad University of Balochistan. [ University Law College , Khojjak Road Quetta Cantt. }
Two important types of maps are used in studying History 1. the Political and 2. the Physical Map.
LL.B. 5 year Semester System : Subject: South Asian History
Prof. SM Zarkoon.
University of Balochistan, Quetta.
South Asian History { How to Use a Map} gives a brief technique of using Maps while studying history . the students of LL.B. 5 Years Semester will find these helpful in study!
Wish them always best of luck : SM ZarKoon.
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Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
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Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
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A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
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Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Medicial Jurisprudence {Identification is the determination or establishment of a person}
1. 1
Identification is the determination or establishment of a person--- living or dead by recognizing him by
certain characteristics which are unique in him.
Identification is necessary in the living person in the following circumstances:
(a) All Medico-legal cases
(b) Absconding Criminals and Soldiers.
(c) Persons accused of murder
(d) Persons accused of Assault or Rape
(e) Mixing up of new born babies
(f) Children who have been lost
(g) Adults who have lost their money due to any Cause.
(h) Property Claims.
(i) Insurance purposes.
(j) Claim of pensions.
2. 2
While conducting an examination for Identification:
(a) It should be told very clearly that the facts can go against the person.
(b) The consent should not be taken in front of the police officers.
(c) It is essential to obtain the consent of the person before the conduct of examination.
(d) The Person can refuse to submit himself for examination.
Identification of the dead requires great skills because of the hot climate of Pakistan. The body
undergoes decomposition. In some cases, It is damaged by the animals.
Identification of Dead is done in following Circumstances:
(a) Explosions
(b) Fires
(c) Railway or Plane Accidents
(d) A death where foul play is suspected.
(e) Floods
(f) Other natural or un-natural or accidental deaths.
Following Data is asked for Identification
1
Race &
Community
2
1
Sex/
Gender
3
1
Age, Hairy and
its distribution
4
1
Anthropometry,
Interrelation of
various parts
5
1
Identification
scars:
Tattoo,
Occupation
marks
3. 3
Identification of race is important when people of different races are present as in air crashes,
railway accidents and in unclaimed dead bodies found on roads.
In Pakistan the main differentiation is between a Hindu and Muslim. The latter is circumcised
whereas the former is not.
Points Help in Race Determination:
1. General Look of the Person
2. Cephalic Index: It is the ratio of the maximum breadths and length of the skull x 100
3. Clothes: The western dress if very much different from the Pakistani Dress.
4. Complexion: The negroes have curly hair, the blonde hair of Europeans and the Jet black
hair of Pakistanis have dark eyes.
5. Eyes: The western people have blue eyes and the Pakistanis have dark eyes.
6. Lips: The lips of the individuals may be helpful e.g., the big thick lips of Negroes.
7. Sex: The normal cases mere inspection of the body determines the sex and this is no
problem in living persons. Difficulty in exactly spotting out male from female arises
when they are pressed similarly and are walking together at a distance, the importance
of sex determination arises in cases of disputed property, marriage, education, divorce,
rape , etc.
6
Gaits,
manners,
Habits
7
Speech &
Voice
8
Complexion
And
Features
9
Finger and
foot,
prints
10
Deformities
11
Hand-
Writing,
Photographs
4. 4
Identification of age is classified into two broad groups:
1. Identification in intrauterine Life: Before period of viability, i.e., 210 days. These are the
abortion cases. { The importance of this type of identification is that death of foetus
after its viable, amounts to murder.
2. Extrauterine Life: The identification of age after birth and is done in following Order :
(i) Estimation of age upto 15 days.
(ii) Estimation of age 15 days – 06 Months.
(iii) Estimation of age 6 months – 12 months
(iv) 2 years-6 years
(v) 6 years – 14 years
(vi) 14 years-21 years
(vii) More than 21 years of age.
In the first two weeks of life, changes occur in the umbilical stump. A red ring is present around
the umbilicus in the first 24 hours. It dries off in 5-6 days and fall of completely in 8 days. A raw
pink area which is left behind heals off complete of the 14thday.
These changes may be delayed if:
(i) The umbilical stump is being kept well all the time.
(ii) Infection starts in the stump.
Importance in determine age in the first 15 days of life is in cases of infactincide where
it is necessary to know if the foetus was still born or live born.
5. 5
15 days-6 months: During this period there is no definite data for determining the age of the
baby. Milestones like lifting of head, holding the neck smiling, crawling and sitting are help in
estimating the rough age.
6 months – 2 Years: During this phase of life, definite and accurate data are present for the
assessment of age.
Appearance of Primary Definition---- the milk teeth: This set consist of 20 teeth. NO premolars
are present in the temporary set.
4 incisors, 2 canines and 4 molars are present in each jaw.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT TEETH
S.NO. NATURE TEMPORARY TEETH PERMANENT TEETH
1. Size Smaller, Lighter,
Narrower, except
Temporary molars
which are longer than
permanent replacing
them.
Heavier, stronger,
broader except
Permanent Premolars
replacing temporary
molars.
2. Direction Anterior Teeth are
vertical
Anterior teeth are
usually inclined a little
forward
3. Crown Chine-White color
(Pune White)
Ivory-White Color.
(Slight yellowish)
4. Neck More constricted Less constricted
5. Root Roots of molars are
smaller & more
divergent.
Roots of molars are
larger & less
divergent.
6. Ridge A ridge or thick edge
at the junction of the
crown with the fangs
present
`No ride
7. Socket Germs found ½ No germs, greater
than half death of
jaw.
8. Edges Serrated Not serrated
6. 6
1. Identification of a body if accurate and dated dental record is available.
2. Dentures could help if they bear the name of the patient.
3. Help in the estimation of the age.
The other evidence of age is obtained by X-ray pictures of long bones, elbow join, knee join
and ankle joint to know the appearance of sonication centers.
7. 7
FUSION OF BONES AT ELBOW:
Fusion of bones at elbow joint takes place as follows:
(1) Trochela 11-12 years
(2) Lateral Epicondyle 14-15 years
(3) Medical epicondyle 15-16 years.
(4) Upper end of ulna 13-14 years
(5) Upper end of radius 14-15 years.
This order differs from race to race , place and sex. The periosteum fuses last. In females the
fusion of ossification centers occurs 1 ½ years earlier than in the males.
The Accurate estimation of age is of great importance in certain cases. These are :
(1) Fixation of the criminal responsibility
(2) Kidnapping cases.
(3) Marriage contracts
(4) Rape
(5) Attainment of Majority
(6) As an eligible witness
(7) Eligibility for employment
(8) Judicial Punishment
(9) Criminal Abortion
(10) Infanticide.