Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory categorizes human needs into five levels, from physiological needs to self-actualization. It posits that individuals must satisfy lower-order needs before addressing higher-order needs, but has limitations such as oversimplification and lack of empirical support. The theory may not uniformly apply to all individuals or modern contexts as varied needs exist.

1. Presented by: Ankesh Gorkhali
Maslow’s Need Hierarchy
Theory

2. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970)
Self-Actualization Theory

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Esteem
Love
Safety
Physiological
Self
Actualization

4. Hunger, thirst,
shelter, sex, and
other bodily needs
Security and
protection from
physical and
emotional harm
Affection,
belongingness,
acceptance, and
friendship
Self-respect,
autonomy,
achievement;
external esteem
factors such as
status,
recognition,
and attention
The drive to
become what one
is capable of
becoming;
includes growth,
achieving one’s
potential, and self-
fulfillment

5. Maslow’sHierarchyofNeedsTheory
Needs were categorized as five levels of lower- to higher-
order needs
• Individuals must satisfy lower-order needs before they can satisfy higher
order needs.
• Satisfied needs will no longer motivate.
• Motivating a person depends on knowing at what level that person is on
the hierarchy.
Hierarchy of needs
• Lower-order (external): physiological, safety
• Higher-order (internal): social, esteem, self-actualization

7. Limitation of Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Over-simplified –
based on Human
Needs only.
Lack of direct cause
and effect relationship
between need and
behavior
Needs of all employees
are not uniform.
Employees are
satisfied with
physiological needs
and security only.
The pattern of
hierarchy of needs
many not be
applicable uniformly.
It does not hold good
in the present age as
each person has plenty
of needs to be satisfied
The theory is widely
accepted but there is
little empirical
evidence to support.
Largely tentative and
untested.

8. Thank you