This document provides an introduction to management concepts. It defines management, outlines its nature and features. It discusses the importance of management and covers early management theories like Taylor's scientific management theory, Fayol's 14 principles of management, and Mayo's Hawthorne experiments. It also covers human needs theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. The document is structured as a course on management with 8 topics covered in 8 lectures.

1. MANAGEMENT
SCIENCE
Dr. ANR

2. UNIT- I
Introduction to Management

3. INDEX
UNIT 1 PPT SLIDES
S.NO. TOPIC LECTURE NO.
1) Introduction to Management L1
2) Concepts of Management of Organization L2
3) Importance L3
4) Taylor’s Scientific L4
5) Functions of Management L5
6) Fayol’s Principle of Management L6
7) Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments L7
8) Maslow’s theory of Human Needs L8

4. DEFINITION
• Henri Fayol(1916):To manage is to forecast
and plan ,to organize, to command, to
coordinate and control
• Peter. F. Drucker(1955):Management is
concerned with the systematic organization
of economic Resources and its task is to
make these resources productive.

5. Nature and Features
1. Management is a social process
2. It also denotes a ‘a body of people’ involved in
decision making
3. It is inexact science
4. It is an art and also science
5. It is profession
6. It is inter-disciplinary
7. It is complex

6. IMPORTANCE
• It facilitates the achievements of goals
through limited resources
• It ensures smooth sailing in case of
difficulties
• It ensures continuing in the organization
• It ensures economy and efficiency
• It focus on group efforts
• It is the key to the economic growth

7. Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory
• F.W.Taylor –Father of Scientific
Management
• Taylor demonstrated the benefits of
increased productivity and earnings
through an experiment at “Bethlehem
Steel Works”.

8. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
• According to Luther Gullick
P------Planning
O------Organizing
S------Staffing
D------Directing
Co-----Coordinating
R-------Reporting
B-------Budgetting

9. Fayol’s Principle of Management
• Henri Fayol contributed 14 principles to
management
1. Division of Work
2. Authority
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of individual interest to group
interest

10. Fayol’s Principle of Management
7.Remuneration
8.Centralization of authority
9.Scalar chain
10.Order
11.Equity
12.Stability of tenure of personnel
13.Initiative
14.Espirit de corps (Team work)

11. Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments
• Mayo known for his famous experiment at
Hawthorne plant of the western electric
company, Chicago, USA, for evaluating the
attitudes and Psychological reaction of
workers on the job situations.

12. Maslow’s theory of Human Needs
• According to him humans have 5 needs
1. Physiological needs
2. Safety needs
3. Affiliation, Love or belonging
4. Esteem needs
5. Self-actualisation needs

13. Maslow’s theory of Human Needs

14. Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
Theory X: Assumptions
1. Employees are lazy
2. They require constant guidance and support
3. Some times they require even coersion and
control
4. Given an opportunity they would like to avoid
responsibility
5. They do not show any ambition but always
seak security

15. Theory Y
Assumptions:
1. Some employees consider work as natural as play as
rest
2. These employees are capable of directing and
controlling performance on their own. They are much
committed to objectives of the organization.
3. Higher rewards make these employees more
committed to organization.
4. Most of them are highly imaginative, creative, and
display ingenuity in handling organizational issues.
5. Give an opportunity , they not only accept
responsibility but also look for opportunities to out
perform others.

16. AnyAny
Questions?Questions?