This document discusses the history and principles of scientific management as developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the late 19th/early 20th century. It traces the origins of scientific management from the Industrial Revolution and describes Taylor's four main principles: replacing rule-of-thumb work with scientific analysis, developing each worker's maximum efficiency, cooperation instead of individualism, and separating planning from doing. The document also outlines criticisms of Taylor's approach, such as its exploitation of workers and mechanical treatment of humans.

1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
In the Beginning, there was
RICHARD IAN MARK T. NECOSIA
PA 202 | 1ST SEMESTER, SY 2017-2018

2. JAMES WATT STEAM ENGINE

3. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

4. FACTORY SYSTEM
• CAPITALIST
• UNSKILLED LABOR
• ECONOMIES OF
SALE
• STANDARDIZATION
AND UNIFORMITY
• GUARANTEE OF
SUPPLY

5. FREDERICK W. TAYLOR
“In the past the man has
been first; in the future
the system must be
first…The first object of
any good system must be
that of developing first
class men.”

6. LEARNING OUTCOMES
1.Traced the history of scientific
management
2.Discussed the tenets and principles of
scientific management
3.Evaluated the principles of scientific
management in relation to its
applicability in modern day
management.
4.Critiqued scientific management as a
theory in organization and behavior

7. ACTIVITY
1.Activity: Situational Analysis. The
class will be divided into four
groups.
2. The group has to decide which is
the best option in each of the four
situations. After 5-10 minutes, each
group will choose a representative
to explain their answers.

8. BIOGRAPHY of F.W. TAYLOR
Frederick Winslow
Taylor

9. BIOGRAPHY of F.W. TAYLOR

10. BIOGRAPHY of F.W. TAYLOR

11. PUBLISHED WORKS of F.W. TAYLOR
1.PIECE RATE
In this article, Taylor suggested changing wage system
in order to motivate the ones who work harder.

12. PUBLISHED WORKS of F.W. TAYLOR
2. SHOP MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHY: emphasized the
necessity of high wage and low cost per unit, and therefore
the manager-workman/workwoman collaboration in the
selection and training of the personnel in compliance with
scientific methods

13. PUBLISHED WORKS of F.W. TAYLOR
3. PRINCIPLES OF
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
By optimizing and simplifying
jobs, productivity would increase

14. PUBLISHED WORKS of F.W. TAYLOR

15. PUBLISHED WORKS of F.W. TAYLOR
3. PRINCIPLES OF
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
The quality of a working place is
determined by the quality of its
employees to a great extent.

16. Principles of Scientific Management
workers and managers needed to cooperate with one another

17. PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
I – SCIENCE NOT RULE OF THUMB
II – THE DEVELOPMENT OF EACH MAN TO HIS
GREATEST EFFICIENCY AND PROFICIENCY
III – COOPERATION NOT INDIVIDUALISM
IV – DIVISION OF LABOR BETWEEN MANAGER
AND WORKERS

18. I – SCIENCE NOT RULE OF THUMB
Replace working by
"rule of thumb," or
simple habit and
common sense, and
instead use the
scientific method to
study work and
determine the most
efficient way to perform
specific tasks.

19. II – THE DEVELOPMENT OF EACH MAN TO HIS
GREATEST EFFICIENCY AND PROFICIENCY
Rather than simply
assign workers to just
any job, match
workers to their jobs
based on capability
and motivation, and
train them to work at
maximum efficiency

20. III – COOPERATION NOT INDIVIDUALISM
Monitor worker
performance, and
provide instructions
and supervision to
ensure that they're
using the most
efficient ways of
working as a UNIT.

21. IV – DIVISION OF LABOR BETWEEN MANAGER
AND WORKERS
Allocate the work
between managers
and workers so that
the managers spend
their time planning
and training, allowing
the workers to
perform their tasks
efficiently.

22. ADAPTATIONS OF
TAYLORISM

27. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
TASK ALLOCATION
Task allocation is
the concept that
breaking task into
smaller and smaller
tasks allows the
determination of the
optimum solution to
the task

28. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
EXPLOITATION OF
WORKERS
Taylor's Scientific Management put
unnecessary pressures on the
employees to perform the work
faster. Importance was given to
productivity and profitability. This
resulted in exploitation of the
employees. Therefore, many
employees joined trade unions. This
also resulted in mistrust between
management and employees

29. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Problem of Unity of Command
Taylor used functional foremanship. So, the workers have to report to
eight bosses. This breaks the principle of unity of command, where the
workers have to report to only one boss. Lack of unity of command can
create confusion and chaos in the organisation

30. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Mechanical Approach
Taylor's approach was a mechanical approach. He gave too much
importance to efficiency. He did not consider the human element. Taylor
considered workers as robots, which could speed up the work at any cost.

31. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Problem of
Separation of
Planning
from Doing
Taylor said to separate
planning from doing. In
reality, we cannot
separate planning from
doing. The planners
should also be engaged
in doing, then only they
will be able to make
realistic plans for the
organisation

32. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Individualistic Approach
Taylor's scientific management gives too much importance
to individual performance and not to group performance.
However, the success of an organisation depends not only
on individual performance of workers, but also on group
performance of workers

33. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
Wrong Assumptions
Taylor assumed that
workers are motivated only
by financial gains.
However, in reality, workers
are motivated not financial
incentives but also by
social needs and personal
egos.

34. CRITICISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
FROM THE EMPLOYER
1. EXPENSIVE
2. TIME CONSUMING
3. DETERIORATION OF
QUALITY

35. SALAMAT TUNGKAY! :D

36. REFERENCES
Frederick W. Taylor, The Principles of Scientific Management (New York: Harper Bros.,
1911): 5- 29
Turan, H. (2015). Taylor’s “Scientific Management Principles”: Contemporary Issues
in Personnel Selection Period. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 3,
11.
http://www.eldritchpress.org/fwt/taylor.html
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_Taylor.htm
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fords-assembly-line-starts-rolling
http://www.skymark.com/resources/leaders/taylor.asp
http://www.managementstudyguide.com/criticism_scientificmanagement.htm