Biodentine is new calcium silicate based cement that exhibits physical and chemical properties similar to those described for certain Portland cement derivatives. This article demonstrates the use of the newer material, Biodentine as an apical matrix barrier in root end apexification procedure. This case reports present apexification and successful healing with the use of Biodentine as an apical barrier matrix.
MANAGEMENT OF OPEN APEX IN PERMANENT TEETH WITH CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PASTEAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Calcium hydroxide is a multi purpose agent, and there have been an increasing number of indications for its use in endodontics. Some of its indications include inter-appointment intracanal medicaments, endodontic sealers, pulp capping agents, apexification, pulpotomy and weeping canals. The aim of this study was to report the 10 year follow-up data of an apexification treatment applied to a permanent incisor of a young patient treated with calcium hydroxide.
Single-Step Apexification with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) –Case ReportsAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The completion of root development and closure of the apex occurs up to 3 years after the eruption of
the tooth. The treatment of pulpal injury during this period provides a significant challenge for the clinician.
The most commonly advocated medicament is calcium hydroxide, although recently considerable interest has
been expressed in the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). We report a case with MTA were used
successfully for one step apexification in teeth with open apex
The permanent teeth with open apex and large periapical lesion are diffcult to treat as a traditional root canal procedure, therefore calcium hydroxide place an important role in reducing the periapical infl ammation. Management of open apex can be done using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) which can be placed in apical 3-4 mm. The aim of this This case report describes the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for management of a periapically compromised immature tooth.
MANAGEMENT OF OPEN APEX IN PERMANENT TEETH WITH CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PASTEAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Calcium hydroxide is a multi purpose agent, and there have been an increasing number of indications for its use in endodontics. Some of its indications include inter-appointment intracanal medicaments, endodontic sealers, pulp capping agents, apexification, pulpotomy and weeping canals. The aim of this study was to report the 10 year follow-up data of an apexification treatment applied to a permanent incisor of a young patient treated with calcium hydroxide.
Single-Step Apexification with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) –Case ReportsAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The completion of root development and closure of the apex occurs up to 3 years after the eruption of
the tooth. The treatment of pulpal injury during this period provides a significant challenge for the clinician.
The most commonly advocated medicament is calcium hydroxide, although recently considerable interest has
been expressed in the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). We report a case with MTA were used
successfully for one step apexification in teeth with open apex
The permanent teeth with open apex and large periapical lesion are diffcult to treat as a traditional root canal procedure, therefore calcium hydroxide place an important role in reducing the periapical infl ammation. Management of open apex can be done using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) which can be placed in apical 3-4 mm. The aim of this This case report describes the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for management of a periapically compromised immature tooth.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Tips on how to grow your business from educational consultants and service based business owners. How to obtain and retain customers. How to provide superior customer service.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Tips on how to grow your business from educational consultants and service based business owners. How to obtain and retain customers. How to provide superior customer service.
Il Career Site è morto, viva il Career Site!Altamira HRM
Il Career Site (pagina Lavora con Noi) ha un'importanza fondamentale nella strategia di recruiting di un'azienda. Fa, infatti, da interfaccia tra l'azienda e i candidati, con tutte le possibilità di comunicazione ed employer branding che ne derivano.
Surgery of Labially Impacted Canine & Orthodontic Management – A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Maxillary canines are one of the most common teeth that are impacted among patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Depending on the position of these impacted teeth, various surgical techniques have been employed for their exposure. His primary goal of surgical phase is to provide the means for correct position of orthodontic anchorage. Additionally, the technique used must ensure favorable tissue anatomy that will permit long-term maintenance of periodontal health. In the present case, a labially impacted maxillary left canine was surgically exposed using an apically positioned flap. Orthodontic extrusion was carried out further.
management of non vital open apex roots/ orthodontic course by indian dental...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Dense Evaginatus: Management Using Novel Materials A Case ReportQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Dens evaginatus is an uncommon developmental anomaly of human dentition characterized by a projection of enamel and dentin that usually encloses pulp tissue. Most commonly found as the tubercle on the occlusal surface of mandibular premolars and lingual surface of anterior teeth.Due to occlusal trauma this tubercle tends to fracture thus exposing the pathway to the pulp chamber of teeth. This case reports about the presentation of dens evaginatus in mandibular premolar 35 which was associated with open apex and chronic apical periodontitis. Root canal treatment was performed with tooth 35. DFDBA apical barrier and Biodentine as an apical plug was placed showing successful management of the same.
His eva of caoh&bond agnt in direct pulp capping/ rotary endodontic courses b...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Use of triple antibiotic paste as an intracanal medicament in the non-surgica...dbpublications
Introduction- The aim of this study is to report the management of large periapical lesion using triple antibiotic paste as an alternative intra-canal medicament in non-surgical endodontic treatment. Case report- an 11 year old male patient with large periapical lesion in mandibular anterior region, treated using conservative non-surgical endodontic treatment. Calcium hydroxide-iodoform paste (Vitapex™) was used as an intracanal medicament, which did not lead to resolution of symptoms. Hence, triple antibiotic paste was used as an alternative intracanal medicament for 2 weeks. Obturation was completed with Nanohybrid composite as final restoration. Progressive healing was observed at subsequent follow up examinations, with almost complete resolution of the periapical lesion at 18 months.
Conclusion- Endodontic cases resistant to routine intracanal medicaments should be treated with alternative medicaments which act against a wider spectrum of microorganisms, before opting for surgical procedures, especially while treating paediatric patients.
this PowerPoint is concerning about the recent techniques in preparation of tooth and how to remove tooth decay using the most recent and conservative techniques
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Non-Surgical Repair of A Perforation Defect-A Case ReportQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Iatrogenic root perforations, which may have serious implications, occur in approximately 2- 12% of endodontically treated teeth. Root perforation repair has historically been an unpredictable treatment modality, with an unacceptably high rate of clinical failure. Successful management of root perforations is dependent on early diagnosis of the defect, location of the perforation, choice of treatment, materials used, host response, and the experience of the practitioner. This case report presents the successful management of a nonsurgical iatrogenic perforation repair
Congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors is a frequent clinical challenge which must be solved by a multidisciplinary approach in order to obtain an
esthetic and functional restorative treatment. . Fixed prosthodontic and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary
canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants represent the available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth. This case report
demonstrates the team approach in prosthetic and surgical considerations and techniques for managing the lack of lateral incisors. The aims of this case
report of replacement of bilaterally congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations.
Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors: Surgical Exposure and Orthodontic Treat...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
The maxillary permanent central incisor develops early in life and forms part of an aesthetic smile. Disruption of the formation or eruption of the permanent
central incisor has multiple etiological factors. Treatment options depend to some extent on the cause of failure of eruption of the central incisor. Generally,
the earlier treatment is provided, the higher the likelihood of success and the less the complexity. Our results suggest that close monitoring and interdisciplinary
cooperation during the treatment phases led to a successful esthetic result, with good periodontal health and functional occlusion.
Excess of space in the dental arch is diagnosed as a
generalised spacing or a local divergence, often
observed in the maxillary anterior region, as a median
diastema, traumatic loss of central incisors, or
congenital absence of lateral incisors. Furthermore,
spacing is observed in aging individuals, due to
pathological migration of teeth caused by
periodontitis. Finally, adult individuals with partial
edentulous jaws demand pre-prosthetic orthodontic
treatment from functional aspects. Thus, indication for
orthodontic treatment in subjects with spacing of teeth
exists for aesthetic reasons, but also for facilitating
prosthetic restorations with optimal occlusalstability.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting
cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically
induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been
identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a
successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations
Orthodontic tooth movement is basically a biologic response towards a mechanical force. Osteoclast and osteoblast cells mediate bone resorption and apposition, which eventually produces tooth movement. Researches showed that the rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be altered by certain drugs locally or systemically. The Objective of this article is to discuss the current data concerning the effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement.
Multidisciplinary Approach in the Rehabilitation of Congenitally Maxillary C...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Objective: This case report describes the multidisciplinary
approach to treat a congenitally missed maxillary canine, how to
improve patient’s smile using orthodontic fixed appliance, endosseous
dental implant, and porcelain veneer to achieve the treatment results of
function and esthetic.
Materials and procedures: Unilateral agenesis of the permanent
maxillary canines in healthy individuals is extremely rare. This
paper presents the case of a female patient diagnosed with congenital
unilateral agenesis of the permanent maxillary canines as well as
occlusal abnormalities in the form of left-side crossbite. To restore the
proper aesthetics and function, interdisciplinary therapeutic treatment
was implemented. In the case presented in this paper, the aim of
oral rehabilitation was to restore a functional balance by obtaining
proper skeletal relationships, creating optimal occlusal conditions and
obtaining arch continuity.
Conclusion: Interdisciplinary treatment combined of orthodontics,
implant surgery, and prosthodontics was useful to treat a nonsyndromic
oligodontia patient. Especially, with the new strategy, implantanchored
orthodontics, which can facilitate the treatmentand make it
more simply with greater predictability.
The multifactorial factors influenc cleft Lip-literature review Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenital cleft-Lip and cleft palate have been the subject of many genetic
studies, but until recently there has been no consensus as to their modes of
inheritance. In fact, claims have been made for just about every genetic
mechanism one can think of. Recently, however, evidence has been
accumulating that favors a multifactorial basis for these malformations. The
purpose of the present paper is to present the etiology of cleft lip and cleft palate
both the genetic and the environmental factors. It is suggested that the genetic
basis for diverse kinds of common or uncommon congenital malformations may
very well be homogeneous, whilst, at the same, the environmental basis is
heterogeneous.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field
Over time, progressively shorter implants have been placed such that short implants are now available that are less than 6 mm in length. The viability and high success rates seen with short implants can be explained by osseointegration, the macro geometric design of the implant, as well as physics and the distribution of forces. This paper was aimed to review the stability and survival rate of short implants under functional loads. Numerical and clinical studies were reviewed. Keywords: Short dental implants, sinus augmentation, factors affecting bone regeneration in dental implantology
Porcelain laminate veneers are among the most esthetic means of creating a more pleasing and beautiful smile. Porcelain veneers within reason allow for the alteration of tooth position, shape, size and color. They require a minimal amount of tooth preparation, approximately 0.5 mm to 0.7mm of surface enamel reduction. This study describes the use of ceramic veneers without tooth wear, reinforcing the concept that minimally invasive porcelain laminate veneers could become versatile and conservative allies in the fi eld of esthetic dentistry. Keywords: Ceramics, dentin-bonding agents, esthetics
Immediate Restoration of Single Implants Replacing Lateral Incisor Compromis...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Today, the diagnosis of internal root resorption is significantly improved by the three-dimensional imaging. Furthermore, the CBCT’s superior diagnosis accuracy resulted in an improved management of the resorptive defects and a better outcome of Implant therapy of teeth with internal resorption.Implant has become a wide option to maintain periodontal architecture. Diagnosis and treatment planning is the key factors in achieving the successful outcomes after placing and restoring implants placed immediately after tooth extraction. The purpose of this clinical update is to report on the success and survival of Immediate restoration of single implants replacing right lateral incisor compromised by internal resorption.
Immediate Implant Placement And Restoration With Natural Tooth In The Maxilla...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Anterior tooth loss and restoration in the esthetic zone is a common challenge in dentistry today. The prominent visibility of the area can be especially distressing to the patient and requires a timely and esthetically pleasing solution. Immediate single-tooth implantation followed by immediate provisionalization is becoming an increasingly desirable treatment that offers numerous benefits over conventional delayed loading. Provisionalization for immediately-placed implants using the patient’s existing tooth can enhance the final aesthetic outcome if certain steps are
followed. If the natural tooth is intact and can be used as a provisional, the emergence profile can be very similar to the preoperative condition. This article outlines a technique to use the patient’s natural tooth after extraction to provisionalize an implant.
Clinical Management of Bilateral Impacted Maxillary CaninesAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem in orthodontic therapy. When a preventive
approach fails, treatment involves surgical exposure of the impacted tooth, followed by orthodontic traction to guide and align it into the
dental arch. The aim of the present report was to demonstrate by case reports of an adult patient with bilateral impacted maxillary canines
treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment.
Material and Methods: A 15year-old female with various degrees of bilateral palatal impaction of maxillary canines were managed
by the described technique.
Results and Discussion: Autonomous eruption of the impacted canines after surgical uncovering was witnessed in all patients
without the need for application of a vertical orthodontic force for their extrusion.
Conclusion: The described method of surgical uncovering and autonomous eruption created conditions for biological eruption of the
palatally impacted canines into the oral cavity and facilitated considerably the subsequent orthodontic treatment for their proper alignment
in the dental arch.
Keywords: Impacted canines; Surgical; Tooth exposure; Orthodontic treatment
“One-Piece” Immediate-Load Post-Extraction Implant In Maxillary Central IncisorAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: This case report describes extraction of a fractured left maxillary central incisor tooth, followed by immediate placement of an one-piece implant in the prepared socket and temporization by a bonded restoration.
Materials And Methods: The tooth was extracted with minimal hard and soft tissue trauma and without flap reflection. The socket was prepared to the required depth and a Implant was inserted.
Results: The atraumatic operating technique and the immediate insertion of the one-piece Implant resulted in the preservation of the hard and soft tissues at the extraction site.
Conclusion: The “One-piece” dental implant and provisional restoration provided the patient with immediate esthetics, function, comfort and most importantly preservation of tissues. The one-piece implant design resulted in a high cumulative implant survival rate and beneficial marginal bone levels.
Single Visit Replacement of Central Maxillary Using Fiber-Reinforced Composi...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Fiber reinforced composites are high strength filling materials composed of conventional composites and glass fibres. They exhibit extensive applications in different fields of dentistry. This clinical report present a case where FRC technology was successfully used to restore central maxillary incisor edentulous area in terms of esthetic-cosmetic values and functionality.
Zirconium Dental Implants And Crown for Congenitally Missing Maxillary Latera...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Zirconia implants were familiarized into dental implantology. Zirconia appears
to be an appropriate implant material due to its low plaque affinity, tooth like color, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. The following a case presentations will show how the acid-etched zirconia Implant can be used to functionally and aesthetically replace congenitally missing left lateral incisor tooth germ in the maxilla, and achieve optimal soft tissues and health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Phone Us ❤85270-49040❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Surat By Surat @ℂall @Girls Hotel With...
Management of Open Apex in Permanent Teeth with Biodentine
1. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 16, Issue 2 Ver. III (February. 2017), PP 135-140
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 135 | Page
Management of Open Apex in Permanent Teeth with Biodentine
Abu-Hussein Muhamad*1
,Azzaldeen Abdulgani2
,Mai Abdulgani3
,
Jabareen Ayah4
Abstract: Biodentine is new calcium silicate based cement that exhibits physical and chemical properties
similar to those described for certain Portland cement derivatives. This article demonstrates the use of the
newer material, Biodentine as an apical matrix barrier in root end apexification procedure. This case reports
present apexification and successful healing with the use of Biodentine as an apical barrier matrix.
Keywords: Apexification, apical barrier, Biodentine, periradicular healing
I. Introduction
Injury to anterior teeth is a common event. Injury to a tooth with immature apex requires a treatment
approach that assures a tight seal at apex, which ensures complete biologic and functional restoration of the
tooth involved. Orthograde obturation of root canal with blunder-buss apex always poses a challenge.[1]
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is commonly used to create the barrier at the apex in such cases. One of the
major problems posed by MTA is handling properties and long time to set.[2,3] Another material with largely
improved handling properties, Biodentine (Septodont), was introduced in 2011. It is a calcium silicate-based
material, having biocompatibility similar to MTA.[4,5]
Compared to MTA, Biodentine handles easily and needs much less time for setting. Unlike other
Portland cement-based products, it is sufficiently stable so that it can be used both for pulp protection and
temporary fillings[3,4 ]. This is why the manufacturer recommends to fill the entire cavity completely with
Biodentine in a first step and to reduce it to a base/dentine substitute level in a second visit one week to 6
months later before definitive restoration. For successful capping it is, however, important to seal the cavity
against bacterial invasion in a one-stage procedure [ 3, 4]. While there is extensive evidence documenting that
composite fillings are leak-proof, few pertinent data are available for Biodentine.[1,3]
Biodentine has many applications in Dentistry such as crown and root dentine repair treatment, repair
of perforations or resorptions, apexification and root-end fillings. The material can also be used in class II
fillings as a temporary enamel substitute and as permanent dentine substitute in large carious lesions. The
manufacturer claimed about the biocompatibility and the bioactivity of the material, which is important when
used as indirect and direct pulp capping and pulpotomy. Furthermore, it preserves pulp vitality and promotes its
healing process.[5,6,7] Boidentine has got all the indication where MTA had been indicated. Biodentine can be
used for crown and root dentin repair treatment, repair of perforations or resorptions, apexification and root-end
fillings. The material can also be used in class II fillings as a tempo rary enamel substitute and as permanent
dentine substitute in large carious lesion .[9] Of all the materials available, MTA has been widely used for one-
visit apexification. It has attracted considerable attention owing to their superior sealing ability,
biocompatibility, regenerative capabilities, and antibacterial properties. Nevertheless, MTA remains subject to
some concerns, such as its long setting time, poor handling characteristics, low resistance to compression, low
flow capacity, limited resistance to washout before setting, possibility of staining of tooth structure, presence
and release of arsenic, and high cost. [10,11]These disadvantages necessitate more ideal restorative materials,
with adequate biological and mechanical properties. Recently, a new calcium silicatebased material, Biodentine
(Septodont, Saint-Maur-desFossés, France), has been introduced with the intention of preserving the properties
and clinical applications of MTA without its negative characteristics.[10,11,12] The present case report
highlights the nonsurgical management of symptomatic teeth with immature apices and large periapical
radiolucencies using Biodentine.
Case Report
A 14-year-old male patient reported with a chief complaint of pain and swelling in relation to maxillary
left lateral incisor. History revealed that the patient had suffered trauma at the age of 11years. The vitality of the
tooth was determined by the cold pulp test, using dry ice . It revealed the negative response. Radiographic
examination revealed an immature tooth with a wide open apex and a radiolucent area in proximity of the apex
of the tooth.
2. Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth With Biodentine
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 136 | Page
Figure 1: Preoperative radiograph
A dentinal fin was also seen inside the root canal. Endodontic access opening was done under local
anesthesia, and a periapical radiograph was taken to determine the working length. Biomechanical preparation
was done using no 80 K-file using circumferential filing motion. Root canal debridement was done using
alternate irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl and saline. During cleaning and shaping of the canal, the dentinal fin
disappeared and merged with the main canal. The root canal was then dried with sterile paper points. Calcium
hydroxide and iodoform combination was placed in the root canal, and the patient was recalled after 1 week.
One week later, the tooth was again isolated under rubber dam, the calcium hydroxide dressing was removed by
hand instrumentation, and irrigation was done with 1.3% NaOCl and 17% liquid EDTA Smear Clear . The root
canal was then dried with sterile paper points.
Biodentine capsule was gently tapped on a hard surface (to diffuse powder), five drops of liquid from a
single-dose dispenser were poured into the capsule, after which the latter was placed in a triturator for 30 s. The
mixture of Biodentine was hence prepared. The first increment of BioDentine was inserted into the canal using
a curved needle of the largest diameter fitting into the canal . The material was then delicately pushed towards
the apex with a root-canal plugger. Several increments were required to form a plug of adequate thickness (>4
mm)
Figure 2: Biodentine plug
The material was adapted to the walls by applying indirect ultrasonic vibration through an ultrasonic tip
placed on the plugger touching the material. After verifying that the material was hard-set, and waiting for
additional few minutes, Gutta-percha backfill was performed using Obtura II ,and the access cavity was sealed
using composite resin. A radiograph confirmed the completion of the endodontic therapy. The clinical follow-up
at 24months showed the patient functioning well with no reportable clinical symptoms and the absence of any
sinus tract formation. The radiographic follow-up at 24 months showed complete healing of the periapical
radiolucency and regeneration of the periradicular tissues.
3. Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth With Biodentine
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 137 | Page
Figure 3: Post obturation radiograph
II. Discussion
Management of cases with open apex poses a problem during management of traumatic injuries
involving permanent teeth. Especially, in cases where apex have not been closed up to a level, then conventional
root canal can be undertaken. [1]Apical seal with conventional gutta-percha is best when the apical terminus is
smallest possible.[2,3] So when the apical terminus is larger due to incomplete root formation, it is advisable
either to engage regenerative procedures to reduce the size of it or obtain apical seal with alternative
methods.[1,3,4,5]
Regeneration protocol is the procedure to restart the root formation once it has stopped due to any
injury. It was not carried out mainly due to decreased success rate in teeth with periapical radiolucency, and
more time had lapsed between the traumatic injury and the treatment.[6,7,8]
Clinical applications of ProRoot MTA include the following: Repair of furcal and lateral root
perforations, repair of internal root resorption, vital pulp therapy (direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and
pulpotomy), as an apical plug during apical surgery and as an apical plug in non-vital teeth with open apex.[13]
Figure 4: Healing evident after 24months
Biodentine is a calcium silicate based material used for crown and root dentin repair treatment, repair
of perforations or resorptions, apexification and root-end fillings. The material can also be used in class II
fillings as a temporary enamel substitute and as permanent dentine substitute in large carious lesions . The
manufacturer points out the biocompatibility and the bioactivity of the material, which is important since the use
of the material involves indirect and direct pulp capping and pulpotomy. According to the manufacturer,
Biodentine preserves pulp vitality and promotes its healing process.[14]
Laurent et al. tested a new Ca3SiO5-based material to evaluate its genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and
effects on the target cells specific functions. The study concluded that the new material is biocompatible.
[15]The material was not found to affect the specific functions of target cells and thus could safely be used in
the clinic. About et al. nvestigated Biodentine bioactivity by studying its effects on pulp progenitor cells
activation, differentiation and dentine regeneration in human tooth cultures. The study concluded that
Biodentine™ is stimulating dentine regeneration by inducing odontoblast differentiation from pulp progenitor
4. Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth With Biodentine
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 138 | Page
cells. [16] Han & Okiji compared calcium and silicon uptake by adjacent root canal dentine in the presence of
phosphate buffered saline using Biodentine and ProRoot MTA. The results showed that both materials formed a
tag-like structure composed of the material itself or calcium- or phosphate rich crystalline deposits. The
thickness of the Ca- and Si-rich layers increased over time, and the thickness of the Ca- and Si-rich layer was
significantly larger in Biodentine™ compared to MTA after 30 and 90 days, concluding that the dentine element
uptake was greater for Biodentine™ than for MTA.[17] Pérard et al. assessed the biological effects of
Biodentine for use in pulp-capping treatment, on pseudo-odontoblastic (MDPC-23) and pulp (Od-21) cells.
Secondly, the same authors evaluated the effects of Biodentine and MTA on gene expression in cultured
spheroids. They concluded that Biodentine and MTA may modify the proliferation of pulp cell lines. Their
effects may fluctuate over time, depending on the cell line considered. The observed similarity between
Biodentine and MTA validates the indication for direct pulpcapping claimed by the manufacturers.[18]
Nowicka et al. compared the response of the pulp-dentine complex in human teeth after direct capping
Biodentine and MTA. They concluded that Biodentine had a similar efficacy in the clinical setting and may be
considered an interesting alternative to MTA in pulp-capping treatment during vital pulp therapy. [19]According
to the manufacturer, Biodentine consists of a powder in a capsule and liquid in a pipette. The powder mainly
contains tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, the principal component of Portland cement, as well as calcium
carbonate. Zirconium dioxide serves as contrast medium. The liquid consists of calcium chloride in aqueous
solution with an admixture of polycarboxylate. Once mixed, Biodentine sets in approximately 12 minutes. The
consistency of Biodentine is similar to that of phosphate cement.[20] Camilleri et al. characterized and
investigated the hydration of Biodentine and laboratory manufactured cement made with a mixture of tricalcium
silicate and zirconium oxide and compared their properties to MTA Angelus. They reported that all the cement
pastes tested were composed mainly of tricalcium silicate and a radiopacifier. The laboratory manufactured
cement contained no other additives. Biodentine included calcium carbonate which together with the additives
in the mixing liquid resulted in a material with enhanced chemical properties relative to TCS-20-Z prototype
cement. On the other hand MTA Angelus displayed the presence of calcium, aluminum and silicon oxides in the
un-hydrated powder. These phases are normally associated with the raw materials indicating that the clinker of
MTA Angelus is incompletely sintered leading to a potential important variability in its mineralogy depending
on the sintering conditions. As a consequence, the amount of tricalcium silicate is less than in the two other
cements leading to a slower reaction rate and more porous microstructure. [21]
Grech et al.investigated the composition of materials and leachate of hydrated prototype cement
composed of tricalcium silicate and radiopacifier and compared this to Biodentine and Bioaggregate to assess
whether the additives in the proprietary brand cements affect the hydration of the materials. They found that
Biodentine and Bioaggregate resulted in the formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide, which
was leached in solution. The hydrated materials were composed of a cementitous phase that was rich in calcium
and silicon and a radiopacifying material. Biodentine included calcium carbonate, and Bioaggregate included
silica and calcium phosphate in the powders. IRM was composed of zinc oxide interspersed in a matrix of
organic material.[22]
Camilleri et al.determined the elemental constitution and investigated the total and leachable arsenic,
chromium and lead in Portland cement, pure tricalcium silicate, Biodentine, Bioaggregate and MTA. They
concluded that dental materials based on tricalcium silicate cement and MTA release minimal quantities of trace
elements when in contact with simulated body fluids. The results of acid extraction could be affected by
nonspecific matrix effects by the cement. [23] Shayegan et al. assessed and compared, in primary pig teeth, the
pulp response after a pulpotomy using Biodentine, white MTA, or formocresol (FC) and repeat the same after
direct pulp capping using Biodentine, white MTA, or calcium hydroxide. They concluded that Biodentine and
white MTA are both suitable, biocompatible materials for pulp capping in primary teeth of pigs. [24]
Zhou et al. examined the effect of a Biodentine on the viability of human gingival fibroblasts. They
reported that Biodentine caused gingival fibroblast reaction similar to that by MTA. Both materials were less
cytotoxic than glass ionomer cement.[25] Firla claimed that during the setting phase of Biodentine, calcium
hydroxide ions are released from the cement. This results in a pH of about 12.5 and a basification of the
surroundings. This high pH inhibits the growth of microorganisms and can disinfect the dentine.[26] Laurentet
al. indicated that thought he interactions between pulp capping materials and the injured pulp tissue are yet
unclear, there is growing evidence on the role of growth factors, with TGF-𝛽1 being the most important one.
These factors’ main role is the signalling of reparative dentinogenesis.In a recently published article,they
assessed the reparative dentin synthesis capacity of Biodentine as well as the ability to modulate TGF-𝛽1
secretion by pulp cells which has previously shown to be released from dentine by calcium hydroxide . Using an
entire human tooth culture model, they showed that, upon application on the exposed pulp, Biodentine had the
potential to significantly increaseTGF-𝛽1secretionfrompulpcellsandinduceanearly form of reparative dentin
synthesis . [27]
5. Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth With Biodentine
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 139 | Page
Zanini et al. also evaluated the biological effect of Biodentine on murine pulp cells by analyzing
theexpression of several biomolecular markers after culturing OD-21 cells with or without Biodentine. Their
results, consistent with other studies, were in favor of Biodentine, which was found to be bioactive due to its
ability to increase OD-21 cell proliferation and biomineralization.[28] Kokate and Pawar conducted a study that
compared the microleakage of glass ionomer cement, MTA, and Biodentine™ when used as a retrograde filling
material and concluded that Biodentine™ exhibited the least microleakage when compared to other materials
used.[29] This case report emphasizes the novel approach of using Biodentine to achieve single visit
apexification of the cases with an open apex and large periapical lesion. The use of Biodentine has been
demonstrated to induce faster periapical healing for single visit apexification of the cases with large periapical
lesions. The material is still under study and many more advancements in its clinical applications are expected
in near future. Although the efficacy of BioDentine as a dentin substitute is yet to be clinically proven for its
therapeutic indications, it may be a promising material for apexification.
III. Conclusion
Biodentine, a bioactive – biomimetic material, shows promising use for apexification, obturation and
reinforcement in management of immature teeth with open apex while serving as a monoblock. However, in
such cases, long term follow up is necessary to ensure and evaluate success
References
[1]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad ,Abdulgani Azzaldeen ,Abdulgani Mai( 2016); Single-Step Apexification with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
(MTA) –Case ReportsJournal of Dental and Medical SciencesVolume 15, Issue 2, 49-53DOI: 10.9790/0853-15284953
[2]. Abu-Hussein M.,Abdulghani A.,Abu-Shilabayeh H.,(2013); Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in apexification
ENDODONTOLOGY , 25(2) ,97-101
[3]. Abu-Hussein M.,Abdulghani A.,Abu-Shilabayeh H.(2014); Apexificatie met mineraal trioxideaggregaat (MTA): een casus .dental
tribune - netherlands edition oktober ,10-11
[4]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad , Jabareen Ayah , Abdulgani Mai , Abdulgani Azzaldeen (2016;)MANAGEMENT OF OPEN APEX IN
PERMANENT TEETH WITH CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PASTE Int J Dent Health Sci ; 3(1): 1305-1310
[5]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad*, Azzaldeen Abdulgani, Mai Abdulgani, Jabareen Ayah; Open Apex with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate-
Case Report,Journal of Dental and Medical SciencesVolume 15, Issue 10 Ver. VII (October. 2016), PP 81-87DOI: 10.9790/0853-
1510078187
[6]. Muhamad Abu-Hussein , Azzaldeen Abdulgani , Bsem Abu Qube (2015) PULP REVASCULARIZATION OF A NECROTIC
INFECTED IMMATURE PERMANENT TOOTH: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Int J Dent Health
Sci ; 2(3):646-653
[7]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad , Abdulgani Azzaldeen , Abdulgani Mai (2015) STEP-BY-STEP APPROACHES FOR ANTERIOR
DIRECT RESTORATIVE Int J Dent Health Sci ; 2(6): 1658-1665
[8]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad , Abdulgani Azzaldeen,Ziyad Kamal Mohammad,Watted Nezar Autogenous (2016)Tooth Fragment
Reattachmen ; A 12 –Years Follow-Up Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 0861.Vol 15, 4 85-90 DOI:
10.9790/08531504138590 [
[9]. Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Ford TRP. Physical and chemical properties of a new root - end filling material . J Endod.
1995; 21:349-53
[10]. ATMEH, A. R., CHONG, E. Z., RICHARD, G., FESTY, F. & WATSON, T. F. (2012) Dentin cement interfacial interaction:
calcium silicates and polyalkenoates. Journal of Dental Research, 91:454-9.
[11]. ENKEL B, DUPAS C, & ARMENGOL V. (2008) Bioactive materials in endodontics. Expert
[12]. Review of Medical Devices journal, 5:475–94.
[13]. SAWYER, A. N., NIKONOV, S. Y., PANCIO, A. K., NIU, L. N., AGEE, K. A., LOUSHINE, R. J.,
[14]. WELLER, R. N., PASHLEY, D. H. & TAY, F. R. (2012) Effects of calcium silicate-based
[15]. materials on the flexural properties of dentin. Journal of Endodontics, 38:680-3.
[16]. Vosoughosseini S, Lotfi M, Shahi S, Baloo H, Mesgariabbasi M, Saghiri MA, Zand V, Rahimi S, Ranjkesh B. Influence of white
versus gray mineral trioxide aggregate on inflammatory cells. J Endod. 2008; 34:715-17.
[17]. Koubi G, Colon P, Franquin JC, Hartmann A, Richard G, Faure MO, et al. Clinical evaluation of the performance and safety of a
new dentin substitute, Biodentine, in the restoration of posterior teeth — a prospective study. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17(1): 243–
49
[18]. Laurent P, Camps J, De Méo M, Déjou J, About J. Induction of specific cell responses to a Ca 3 SiO 5 - based posterior restorative
material . Dent Mater. 2008; 24(11):1486-94.
[19]. About I, Laurent P, Tecles O. Bioactivity of Biodentine™ a CA 3 SiO 5 - based Dentine Substitute . Oral session. IADR Congress
July 2010, Barcelona, Spain.
[20]. Han L & Okiji T. Uptake of calcium and silicon released from calcium silicate - based endodontic m aterials into root canal
dentine. Int Endod J.2011,44(12),1081-87
[21]. Pérard M, Le Clerc J, Meary F, Pérez F, Tricot-Doleux S, Pellen-Mussi P. Spheroid model study comparing the biocompatibility of
Biodentine and MTA. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2013;24(6):1527-34.
[22]. Nowicka A, Lipski M, Parafiniuk M, Sporniak-Tutak K, Lichota D, Kosierkiewicz A, Kaczmarek W, Buczkowska-Radlińska J.
Response of human dental pulp capped with biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 2013;39(6):743-7.
[23]. Strassler HE, Levin R. Vital pulp therapy with pulp capping. Dent Today. 2012;3:98. 100, 102-3; quiz 104-5.
[24]. Camilleri J, Grech L, Galea K, Keir D, Fenech M, Formosa L, Damidot D, Mallia B. Porosity and root dentine to material interface
assessment of calcium silicate-based root-end filling materials. Clin Oral Investig; 2013.
[25]. Grech L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Characterization of set Intermediate Restorative Material, Biodentine, Bioaggregate and a prototype
calcium silicate cement for use as root-end filling materials. Int Endod J. 2013;46(7):632-41.
[26]. Camilleri J, Kralj P, Veber M, Sinagra E. Characterization and analyses of acidextractable and leached trace elements in dental
cements. Int Endod J. 2012;45(8):737-43.
6. Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth With Biodentine
DOI: 10.9790/0853-160203135140 www.iosrjournals.org 140 | Page
[27]. Shayegan A, Jurysta C, Atash R, Petein M, Abbeele AV. Biodentine used as a pulpcapping agent in primary pig teeth. Pediatr Dent.
2012;34(7):202-8.
[28]. Zhou HM, Shen Y, Wang ZJ, Li L, Zheng YF, Häkkinen L, Haapasalo M. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of a novel root repair
material. J Endod. 2013;39(4):478-83.
[29]. Firla MT. Dentin-Ersatzmaterial auf Basis der Active Biosilicate Technology. DZW Kompakt. 2011; 58:10-12.
[30]. P. Laurent, J. Camps, and I. About, ―BiodentineTM induces TGF-𝛽1 release from human pulp cells and early dental pulp
mineralization,‖InternationalEndodonticJournal,vol.45,no.5, pp.439–448,2012.
[31]. M. Zanini, J. M. Sautier, A. Berdal, and S. Simon, ―Biodentine induces immortalized murine pulp cell differentiation into
odontoblast-like cells and stimulates biomineralization,‖ JournalofEndodontics,vol.38,no.9,pp.1220–1226,2012.
[32]. Kokate SR, Pawar AM. An in vitro comparative stereomicroscopic evaluation of marginal seal between MTA, Glass Inomer
Cement and Biodentine as root end filling materials using 1% methylene blue as tracer. Endodontics 2012;2:36-42.
[33]. Muhamad Abu-Hussein , Azzaldeen Abdulgani (2015)Clinical Approach of a Tooth with Radix Entomolaris and Five [22]. Root
Canals Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences Vol14, 67-72 DOI: 10.9790/0853-1410116772
[34]. Muhamad Abu-Hussein , Nezar Watted , Azzaldeen Abdulgani(2015) Bicuspidization of Mandibular Molar;A Clinical
Review;Case Report Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 0861.Vol 14, e 6 77-85 DOI: 10.9790/0853-14617785
[35]. Dr.Abu-Hussein Muhamad , Dr. Abdulgani Azzaldeen(2016) Intentional replantation of maxillary second molar; case report and
15year follow-up Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences .Vol 15, 1 67-73 DOI: 10.9790/0853-15126773